Temat: working memory - Prolib Integro

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Tytuł:: Is working memory working against suggestion susceptibility? Results from extended version of DRM paradigm
Autorzy:: Maciaszek, Patrycja
Tematy:: false memories
working memory
memory
suggestion
feedback
DRM; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430625.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The paper investigates relationship between working memory efficiency, defined as the result of its’ processing & storage capacity (Oberauer et al., 2003) and the tendency to (1) create assosiative memory distortions (false memories, FM); (2) yield under the influence of external, suggesting factors. Both issues were examined using extended version of Deese-Roediger-McDermott procedure (1959, 1995), modified in order to meet the study demands. Suggestion was contained in an ostentatious feedback information the participants (N=88) received during the DRM procedure. Working memory (WM) was measured by standardized tasks (n-back, Jaeggi et al., 2010; automatic-ospan, Unsworth et al., 2005). Study included 3 conditions, differing in the quality of suggestion (positive, negative or neutral). Participants were assigned into 3 groups, depending on results they achieved completing the WM tasks. Obtained results alongside the previously set hypothesis, revealed that (1) WM impacts individuals’ tendency to create false memories in DRM and (2) that the individuals showing higher rates in WM tasks are less willing to yield to suggestion compared to those with lesser ones. It also showed that the greater amount to shift (Gudjonsson, 2003), emerges under the negative suggestion condition (collating positive). Notwithstanding that the interaction effect did not achieve saliency, both analyzed factors (WM and suggesting content) are considered as meaningful to explain memory suggestion susceptibility in presented study. Although, obtained results emphasize the crucial role of WM efficiency, that is believed to decide the magnitude of feedback that is influential in every subject. Therefore, issue demands further exploration.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Why expressive suppression does not pay? Cognitive costs of negative emotion suppression: The mediating role of subjective tense-arousal
Autorzy:: Szczygieł, Dorota
Maruszewski, Tomasz
Tematy:: expressive suppression
subjective tense arousal
memory
working memory; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430471.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The aim of this paper was to contribute to a broader understanding of the cognitive consequences of expressive suppression. Specifically, we examined whether the deteriorating effect of expressive suppression on cognitive functioning is caused by tense arousal enhanced by suppression. Two experiments were performed in order to test this prediction. In both studies we tested the effect of expressive suppression on working memory, as measured with a backwards digit-span task (Study 1, N = 43) and anagram problem-solving task (Study 2, N = 60). In addition, in Study 2 we tested whether expressive suppression degrades memory of the events that emerged during the period of expressive suppression. Both studies were conducted in a similar design: Participants watched a film clip which evoked negative emotions (i.e. disgust in Study 1 and a combination of sadness and anxiety in Study 2) under the instruction to suppress those negative emotions or (in the control condition) to simply watch the film. The results of these experiments lead to three conclusions. First, the results reveal that expressive suppression degrades memory of the events that emerged during the period of expressive suppression and leads to poorer performance on working memory tasks, as measured with a backwards digit-span task and anagram problem-solving task. Second, the results indicate that expressive suppression leads to a significant increase in subjective tense arousal. Third, the results support our prediction that expressive suppression decreases cognitive performance through its effects on subjective tense arousal. The results of the Study 1 show that tense arousal activated during expressive suppression of disgust fully mediates the negative effect of suppression on working memory as measured with a backwards digit-span task. The results of Study 2 reveal that subjective tense arousal elicited while suppressing sadness and anxiety mediates both the effect of suppression on working memory - as measured with the anagram task - and memory of the events that occurred during the period of suppression.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Event-related potentials as an index of lost cognitive control and lost self in a TBI patient with duration increasing post-traumatic Delusional Misidentification Syndrome concluded with Cotard Syndrome
Autorzy:: Pąchalska, Maria
Tematy:: memory
working autobiographic memory
executive dysfunction
delusional misidentification syndromes
Cotard syndrome
Capgras syndrome
Fregoli syndrome
P300
N170; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Fundacja Edukacji Medycznej, Promocji Zdrowia, Sztuki i Kultury Ars Medica
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106070.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The goal of the study was twofold: 1) to evaluate the QEEG/ ERPs indexes of functional brain impairment in a TBI patient diagnosed with chronic lost cognitive control and lost self caused by post traumatic, and here increasing over time, delusional misidentification syndrome concluded with Cotard syndrome in the blooming stage, with nihilistic delusions concerning the body and existence, and the delusion of being dead, and 2) to explore the mind of a patient whose identity has been disengaged, and who experiences the loss of his self and relations with his immediate surroundings with all the tragic consequences that entails. I herein present a 52-year-old patient, who – after a serious head injury due to a car accident 20 years ago, which re- sulted in focal injuries in the frontal and temporal areas of the right hemisphere – developed Cotard syndrome. After arousal from a 63-day coma and 98 days of post-traumatic amnesia, he manifested: (1) the loss of autobiographical memory, (2) a lost self, (3) forgotten family ties (including his lover). The study revealed that the patient’s cognitive control system is completely destroyed: no cognitive components have been found. Recall from memory has been completely disturbed (a low amplitude of N170). The two hemispheres work inco- herently with the right hemisphere revealing a serious delay in memory recall.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Wpływ sprawności funkcjonowania pamięci roboczej na powstawanie fałszywych wspomnień
The influence of working memory efficiency on creating false memories
Autorzy:: Maciaszek, Patrycja
Tematy:: pamięć
pamięć robocza
uwaga
paradygmat list słów skojarzonych
DRM
fałszywe wspomnienia
poziomy przetwarzania
alokacja zasobów
memory
working memory
attention
DRM paradigm
list of words related
depth of processing
resource allocation model; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2014025.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Celem prezentowanych badań było określenie, czy sprawność funkcji pamięci roboczej jednostki (working memory, WM) wpływa na skłonność do wytwarzania fałszywych wspomnień. Do operacjonalizacji terminu „fałszywe wspomnienia” wykorzystano klasyczny paradygmat słów skojarzonych (DRM paradigm; Deese, 1959; McDermott, Roediger, 1995), którego adaptację przeprowadzono na potrzeby pracy. Funkcje WM zdefiniowano za Miyake i Shah (1999) jako: (1) przerzutność uwagi, (2) aktualizacja treści oraz (3) hamowanie reakcji. W badaniach wzięło udział 94 studentów Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego w wieku 19–26 lat (M = 20; SD = 1,735). Do pomiaru pamięci roboczej wykorzystano komputerowe zadania SWATT oraz MEMATT w opracowaniu A. Chuderskiego, a fałszywych przypomnień – prezentację list słów skojarzonych. Porównanie wyników pozwala stwierdzić, że sprawność WM istotnie wpływa na liczbę fałszywych wspomnień u osób badanych, co wyrażało się doborem adekwatnej strategii decyzyjnej. Stosowanie refleksyjnej strategii powodowało powstanie mniejszej liczby fałszywych przypomnień, ale było związane z popełnianiem większej liczby błędów ominięcia, niż w przypadku strategii impulsywnej. Otrzymane wyniki tłumaczono jako przejaw głębszego przetworzenia informacji przez osoby refleksyjne (Craik, Lockhart, 1972). Stosowanie refleksyjnej strategii interpretowano jako wyraz sprawnej polityki przydzielania zasobów przez WM (Kahneman, 1973). Udało się też zbudować model regresji, pozwalający na predykcje spadku liczby fałszywych wspomnień o 45,5% w przypadku zmiany strategii decyzyjnej z bardziej impulsywnej w kierunku bardziej refleksyjnym.
The aim of this experiment was to determine how the proficiency of working memory functions (WM) influences the tendency to create false memories. The DRM paradigm (Deese, 1959; Roediger, McDermot, 1995, adapted culturally) was used to operationalize the term “false memory”. The WM functions were defined after Miyake and Shah (1999) as (1) alternating attention, (2) content updating and (3) reaction inhibition. 94 subjects were tested (students of University of Łódź, ages 19–26 (M = 20; SD = 1,735)). SWATT and MEMATT tests were used to measure the aspects of the WM and DRM related words lists were used to test the false memories creation. The results positively verified the hypothesis, that the WM’s proficiency substantially influences the amount of false memories created, as it determined the decision making strategies. The subjects with the reflexive strategy scored less false memory markers and more omission errors than those with the impulsive strategy. This result can be explained by deeper information processing in subjects who use the reflexive decision making strategies (Craik, Lockhart, 1972). Utilizing the reflexive strategy was recognized as the correct way of redistributing the WM’s resources (Kahneman, 1973). Also a regression model was created that suggested a 45.5% drop of false memory errors if the impulsive strategy was to be replaced by a more reflexive one.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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