Temat: Moral Development - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Krytyczne tendencje w zarządzaniu a moralność
Critical Tendencies in Management and Morality
Autorzy:: Mazur, Barbara
Tematy:: management
moral development
crisis; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/469078.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article analyses contemporary tendencies in managing organizations from the point of view their relations to financial crisis. It shows the parallel between description of individual levels and stages of moral development to those of organizations and presents a non stage based explanation of individual moral decisions related to management. The author refers to the example of bank, its employees and management, in purpose to prove that the tendencies which were introduced into everyday practice last years were leading to low moral standards of banks management. The L. Kohlberg’s cognitive theory of moral development and A. B. Carroll’s theory of differentiating role of the intentions were used to highlight the organizational management practices.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Dealing with a Moral Dilemma by Five Groups of Children from Five States of the EU
Autorzy:: Lašek, Jan
Novotná, Jindra
Kostková, Klára
Tematy:: family
moral development
parents
children; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59346531.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: One of the most important roles of family is to raise children to become independent individuals, emotionally, socially as well as morally mature. It is a longlasting process which is by no means easy. The already existent social norms play an important role. The aim of this paper is to map the ethical attitudes of children at the age of 11 to 14, evoked by L. Kohlberg’s dilemma (Joe’s dilemma). The reaction to Joe’s dilemma enables us to assess the level of the child’s moral discretion, and at the same time it more or less reflects the relationship of the child respondent with their parent. The research sample consisted of 511 children from 5 states of the EU (the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain). We constructed a 12-item questionnaire, and the statements (items) were constructed in such a way that they enabled the children respondents to answer in accordance with L. Kohlberg’s stage theory (1984). Orthogonal system Varimax (NCSS) was used; critical level was |0, 40|. Three independent factors were generated: Authoritarian father, Keeping the promise, Son’s rights. All the respondents significantly agreed with factor 1; rather significantly agreed with Factors 2 and 3. They proceeded to the autonomous phase where there is a number of the respondents. The girls are more ‘critical’ than the boys when assessing the father’s behaviour, both in the positive as well as negative meaning of the word itself. Children from divorced families much more than children from complete families disagree with father’s right to ask for money. Moral development of a child in a family is strongly influenced by the relationship between parents and children as well as among the children (siblings) themselves.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Dziecięce konfabulacje i rozwój moralny najmłodszych
Children’s Confabulations and the Moral Development of the Youngest Children
Autorzy:: Grzesiak, Emilia
Tematy:: confabulations
lying
moral development
child
imagination; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50467724.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article is devoted to the issue of children’s confabulations, which often characterize preschool children and constitute a specific part of this developmental period. The text explains the phenomenon of confabulation, who else it may concern, and why younger children fantasize and tell untrue stories. It will also discuss the topic of lies, the causes of insincerity among children, and the broadly understood moral development of the youngest.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Rozwój moralny a metody podejmowania decyzji – analiza porównawcza kultur
Moral Development and Decision-Making – Comparative Study of Cultures
Autorzy:: Mazur, Barbara
Tematy:: moral development
decision making
business culture; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/469060.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: S. Kierkegaard believed that there were three different forms of life and called them the aesthetic stage, the ethical stage, and the religious stage. L. Kohlberg’s theory of moral development divides individuals on the basis of their moral development into six stages, two at the pre-conventional level, two at the conventional level and two at the post-conventional level. This theory shows progress from strong addiction and submission to outside influences and never ending inner struggle to overcome crisises in order to achieve moral autonomy. In the light of cross-cultural comparison there is only partial support for a relationship between level of moral judgment (based on Kohlberg’s theory of moral development) and ethical decision-making. Data collected from Malaysian and New Zeland business students provided evidence that the relationship between subject’s level of moral judgment and their ethical intentions occurred in only three of six instances. The absence of a consistent empirical relationship between level of moral judgment, ethical intentions and culture suggests that the number of other factors may influence an individual’s ethical behavior.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Moralność, rozwój moralny, wychowanie moralne
Morality, Moral Development, Moral Upbringing
Autorzy:: Chutorański, Maksymilian
Tematy:: moralność
rozwój moralny
wychowanie moralne
morality
moral development
moral upbringing; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141898.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The main target of the article is an attempt to draw a reflection on the theoretical contexts of moral upbringing. What was discussed in particular is the question of relations between morality, psychological concepts of moral development and possibilities of pedagogic influence. The priority was given to Kohlberg’s philosophical basis of a cognitive and developmental concept and other psychological concepts. Thanks to it, in the further part of the text, it was possible to reflect on problems connected with the normativity of moral upbringing.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: The Impact of the Moral Foundations Arguments on Early Adolescents
Autorzy:: Stastna, Kamila
Tematy:: Moral Foundations Theory
moral judgment
moral competence
moral foundations argument
gender
moral development; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373820.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The empirical research reported in this article is based on the Moral Foundations Theory proposed by J. Haidt. Objectives. The author examines the impact of moral foundations arguments on early adolescents’ moral judgments regarding violating moral rules and explores gender-related differences between moral foundations preferences. Method. The effect of moral foundations arguments was measured by a newly developed meta-ethical position test (MEPT). The MEPT consists of a pretest questionnaire, treatment by moral foundations arguments, and a posttest questionnaire. The sample contained 178 early adolescents from the Czech Republic (84 females and 94 males). The influence of the moral foundations arguments was analyzed by comparing the pretest with the posttest. Results. 91% of teenagers changed their moral judgment due to confrontations with the moral foundations arguments. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test found that the moral foundations arguments were significantly relevant, since the P-value was lower than 0.001. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed the importance of the gender aspect: P-value care equals 0.01 and liberty 0.01. Girls have a preference for care foundation (21% more than boys), while boys tended to liberty (27 % more than girls). It seems that moral foundations arguments strongly change early adolescents’ moral judgments and can be practically applied as a valuable platform for early adolescents’ moral development.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Moral reasoning of children with a severe socialisation deviation and their relation to important social norms
Autorzy:: Smolík,, Arnošt
Svoboda, Zdeněk
Tematy:: behaviour disorder
morals
frustration tolerance
moral development
moral conduct; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Chrześcijańskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Warszawie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/428505.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This text presents the partial results of a research project entitled An Analysis of the Teleological Aspects of Substitute Care Facilities and their Impact on the Value System of Children with a Severe Socialisation Deviation. The aim of the research was to assess the state of children’s personality cultivation in the area of moral development when placed in substitute care (facilities for individuals with a diagnosis of behaviour disorder). The focus of the project were children who have problems complying with important social rules at some point during their development. The level of their problems escalated up to the point of removal from the family. In this case the Czech school system offers the possibility of using alternative educational strategies implemented at special educational institutions. In the context of our research the question also remained to what extent these institutions were prepared to effectively fulfil their social obligation. An important motive for the design of this research was the current situation within society, where the system of educational facilities used to perform mandated institutional care and protective custody in the Czech Republic was subjected to different often controversial interventions in the recent years (in the opinion of experts working in this segment of educational activities). The system has undergone several rather awkward attempts to improve the work with children diagnosed with behaviour disorder. The following text is an interpretation of significant partial findings based on collected data.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: O związkach między rozwojem poznawczym i rozumowaniem moralnym
Autorzy:: Czyżowska, Dorota
Tematy:: operational thinking
moral development
myślenie operacyjne
rozwój moralny; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/437465.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: W teoriach poznawczo-rozwojowych przyjmuje się założenie o paralelizmie strukturalnym, czyli jedności rozwoju różnych dziedzin myślenia. Lawrence Kohlberg, tworząc swoją teorię rozwoju rozumowania moralnego, postawił hipotezę, zgodnie z którą rozwój poznawczy jest warunkiem koniecznym, ale niewystarczającym rozwoju moralnego. Celem prowadzonych rozważań jest wskazanie na związek między rozwojem poznawczym i rozumowaniem moralnym oraz przedstawienie wyników badań empirycznych, których intencją była weryfikacja hipotezy Kohlberga.
Within the cognitive-developmental approach there is an assumption of structural parallel- ism that is an assumption of the developmental integrity of different areas of thinking. While creating his own theory of moral development, Lawrence Kohlberg formulated a hypothesis that cognitive development is a necessary — but not a sufficient — condition of moral devel- opment. The aim of this paper is to focus on the relationship between cognitive development and moral reasoning and to present the results of empirical research that intended to verify Kohlberg’s hypothesis.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Bezrobocie jako czynnik zaburzający wychowanie w rodzinie
Unemployment as a Destructive Factor in Family Education
Autorzy:: Marzec-Tarasińska, Anna
Tematy:: unemployment
upbringing
dysfunction
physical
psychological
social
moral development; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych. Instytut Pedagogiki. Zakład Historii Edukacji
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/970500.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Unemployment in Poland s one of the main factors causing problems in the process of upbringing. It is also the main reason for constant growth of poverty and process of marginalization of many families in Polish society. Family is a basic and irreplaceable environment for a child. It is not child's choice what sort of family she/he was born into, however family situation and environment started to influence a child, from very beginning. Well functioning family, where the socialization and education process are running in a healthy way, creates positive environment for physical, psychological, social and moral development of a child and successfully influence the child's school career, lack of conflict with the law and finally – gaining professional autonomy. Unemployment is conducive to increasing dysfunction in the family. This problem makes lot of families inefficient, in many respects, educational environment unable to fulfill the most basic human needs. This condition is very unfavorable for children and leads to disturbances in the development of physical, mental, social and moral.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: From Donders’ Dilemma to Objective Internal Assessment: How Experimental Developmental Psychology Can Contribute to Moral Education
Autorzy:: Lind, Georg
Tematy:: moral psychology
education
democracy
moral-democratic competence
moral development; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/61275959.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: For a century, developmental psychology, and psychology as a whole, has been caught in an objectivity-validity dilemma which divides the scientific community: when measuring psychological traits, researchers either strive for objectivity at the expense of validity in regard to the object of the measurement, or they strive for validity by using subjective information from participants and subjective methods of rating this information, thus lacking objectivity. While the main problem of physical measurement is precision, the main problem of psychology is validity: does an instrument really measure what it should? On the one hand, psychologists like Sigmund Freud, Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg believed that valid inferences on psychological functioning can only be made through subjective methods like clinical interviews – at the expense of objectivity. On the other hand, scientists working in the tradition of Louis Leon Thurston and Karl Pearson wanted to turn psychology into an objective science by assessing psychological traits through behavioral data even if that meant deleting important psychological traits like moral orientations and moral competence from the scientific research agenda. In this article I will show that this methodological dilemma can be (and has been) resolved on the basis of the ideas of Franciscus Cornelis Donders (1868), who, a long time ago, showed how we can study internal mental processes in an objective way, that is, without relying on the subjective experience of the participant and without subjective scoring. Interestingly, Donders used behavioral dilemmas in order to measure thinking. It took us a long time to understand the significance of Donders’ invention and to apply it to psychological measurement. Our Moral Competence Test (MCT) is probably the first method of psychological measurement based on it. The MCT has helped us to test many hypotheses on moral orientations and moral competence objectively, which hitherto could be studied only with subjective methods. It has also made possible to design and evaluate new, effective methods of moral education.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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