Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Pedagogiczna Biblioteka Wojewódzka im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Lublinie Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaPedagogiczna Biblioteka Wojewódzka im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Lublinie
Zmień bibliotekę

Wyszukujesz frazę "functions" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 31
Tytuł:
Does asthma disturb executive functions and self-regulation in children?
Autorzy:
Smoleń, Tomasz
Fryt, Joanna
Pilecka, Władysława
Opis:
Due to possible psychosocial and neurocognitive factors, asthma may present a risk to children’s executive functions and self-regulation, especially when it is poorly controlled. One hundred and one 8-11 year-old children (patients with asthma, ADHD and healthy peers) and their parents participated in the study. Four cognitive tasks measuring different executive functions and parent and child versions of behavior regulation inventory were used. Children with asthma had more diffi culties shifting their attention between tasks and exhibited more problems in self-regulation than their healthy peers, but their scores were better than children with ADHD. Patients with more intensive treatment, poor symptom control, a history of acute asthma attacks and non-compliance had slightly more diffi culties in executive functions and self-regulation.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How much do we know about our own cognitive control? Self-report versus performance measures of executive control
Autorzy:
Nęcka, Edward
Śmieja-Nęcka, Magdalena
Sobczyk, Natalia
Lech, Bogumiła
Opis:
The paper investigates whether self-report and performance measures of executive control yield comparable results. We report an empirical study in which the answers to a self-report questionnaire on executive control were compared with the results of three computerized tests of cognitive control. Both the questionnaire and the computerized tests covered three dimensions of executive control, namely, prepotent response inhibition, task switching, and goal monitoring (goal maintenance). The results are rather surprising and negative: The relationships between performance and self-report measures of executive control were either weak or insignificant. Moreover, they tended to disappear when age of participants was controlled. We conclude that people are basically unable to assess the strength of their own cognitive control. However, the two types of assessment tool might analyze different aspects of individual differences in executive control and should therefore be considered in research and practical applications.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Patterns of bilingual language use and response inhibition : a test of the adaptive control hypothesis
Autorzy:
Szewczyk, Jakub
Wodniecka-Chlipalska, Zofia
Senderecka, Magdalena
Chuderski, Adam
Kałamała-Ligęza, Patrycja
Opis:
Given prior studies that provided inconsistent results, there is an ongoing debate on the issue of whether bilingualism benefits cognitive control. We tested the Adaptive Control Hypothesis, according to which only the intense use of different languages in the same situation without mixing them in single utterances (called dual-language context) confers a bilingual advantage in response inhibition. In a large-scale correlational study, we attempted to circumvent several pitfalls of previous research on the bilingual advantage by testing a relatively large sample of participants and employing a more reliable and valid measurement of constructs (i.e., latent variable approach accompanied by Bayesian estimation). Our results do not support the Adaptive Control Hypothesis' prediction: the intensity of the dual-language context experience was unrelated to the efficiency of response inhibition in bilinguals. The results suggest that the Adaptive Control Hypothesis is not likely to account for the inconsistent results regarding the bilingual advantage hypothesis, at least in the case of the response-inhibition mechanism. At the same time, the study points to the problem of measuring the response-inhibition construct at the behavioral level. No evidence for a robust response-inhibition construct adds to the growing skepticism on this issue in the literature.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The (in)significance of executive functions for the trait of Self-Control : a psychometric study
Autorzy:
Orzechowski, Jarosław
Nęcka, Edward
Wójcik, Natalia
Gruszka-Gosiewska, Aleksandra
Nowak, Michał
Opis:
Self-control (SC) is an individual trait defined as the ability to pursue long-distance goals in spite of the obstacles generated by current desires, innate or learned automatisms, and physiological needs of an organism. This trait is relatively stable across the life span and it predicts such important features as level of income, quality of social relationships, and proneness to addictions. It is widely believed that the cognitive substrate of SC involves the executive functions (EFs), such as inhibitory control, shifting of attention, and working memory updating. However, the empirical evidence concerning the relationships between trait SC and EFs is not convincing. The present study aims to address two questions: (1) what is the strength of relationships between trait SC and EFs, and (2) which aspects of SC are predicted by particular EFs, if at all. In order to answer these questions, we carried out a psychometric study with 296 participants (133 men and 163 women, mean age 23.31, SD 3.64), whom we investigated with three types of tools: (1) a battery SC scales and inventories, (2) a battery of EFs tasks, and (3) two general intelligence tests. Structural equation modeling approach was used to analyze the data. We found that the latent variables representing SC and the latent variable representing EFs did not show any relationship. The standardized path coefficient between EFs and general intelligence turned out rather strong. We conclude that the trait of SC, measured with questionnaires, does not depend on the strength of cognitive control, measured with EFs tasks.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Family functioning style as a predictor of the quality of cognitive functioning of primary school students with ADHD
Autorzy:
Baumbach, Clemens
Markevych, Iana
Walenista, Wiktoria
Lipowska, Małgorzata
Mysak, Yarema
Sitnik-Warchulska, Katarzyna
Szwed, Marcin
Izydorczyk, Bernadetta
Opis:
Objective: This study aimed to specify whether family communication and satisfaction are predictors of a child’s executive functions and whether attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) severity lies in the pathway between these variables. Method: Two hundred Polish children with ADHD, aged 10 to 13, were tested using Conners 3, the PU1 Battery of Cognitive Tests and Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, Fifth Edition (SB5). Parents filled out the FACES IV-SOR questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. Results: The quality of family communication and satisfaction did not predict executive functioning in children with ADHD, and ADHD severity did not play a mediating role neither in boys or in girls. Intelligent quotient was the only predictor of executive functioning in the group of boys. Conclusion: These results contrast with those of previous studies that have shown the existence of similar associations in other cultural contexts.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Funkcje zarządzające u osób w wieku senioralnym o różnym poziomie potrzeb edukacyjnych
Executive functions in older adults of various level of educational needs
Autorzy:
Kielar-Turska, Maria
Byczewska-Konieczny, Karolina
Opis:
In old age the decrease of cognitive performance connected with natural ageing processes is observed. The deterioration primarily affects memory and attention functions (Jagodzińska, 2008; Oberauer, 2006). It was indicated that the level of cognitive competences is strongly connected with learning (Brooks, Weaver, Scialfa, 2006). People in old age who are more intellectually active have less problems in cognitive functioning (Jagodzińska, 2008). The article presents results of studies conducted to verify hypothesis concerning the relation between the level of educational needs and efficiency of their executive functions. 25 people, aged 71-88, participated in the study. Educational needs and four aspects of executive functions: plasticity, inhibition, working memory and planning were measured. Results confirms the relationship between educational needs of seniors and two aspects of executive functions: plasticity and working memory, while the most significant relations concerns plasticity.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dysfunkcje wykonawcze w depresji wieku podeszłego
Executive dysfunction in late-life depression
Autorzy:
Rajtar-Zembaty, Anna Maria
Starowicz-Filip, Anna
Sałakowski, Andrzej
Rajtar-Zembaty, Jakub
Opis:
Aim. Nowadays there are numerous reports stressing the occurrence of cognitive functions disorders in late-life depression (LLD). More and more frequently the studies stress the role of executive dysfunctions in LLD. The purpose of the study was an evaluation of the components of executive functions in non-demented LLD patients, as well as an evaluation of the relation between the individual components of executive functions and the level of depressiveness. Methods. The study included 87 persons with depression and 100 persons in the control group. For the purpose of a screening evaluation of cognitive functions the Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) was applied. For the evaluation of the level of executive functions efficiency the following were chosen: a) Trail Making Test (TMT), b) Verbal Fluency Tests (VFT) and c) go/no-go task (GNG). Results. A significant difference was found in the levels of efficiency of all the components of executive functions in patients with late-life depression. The patients with depression demonstrated the slowest psychomotor speed and worse results in the tests evaluating cognitive flexibility, semantic fluency and inhibition. Statistically significant relation was observed between the higher result in GDS-SF (Geriatric Depression Scale – Short Form) and the worse performance in the GNG test. Conclusions: The patients with depression demonstrated a significant impairment of executive functions. A relation was found between the cognitive control disorder and the level of depressiveness. Executive dysfunctions can play an important role in the persistence of depressive symptoms. Identification of patients with depression and executive dysfunctions has significant therapeutic implications.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interrupting sitting with moderate-intensity physical activity breaks improves inhibitory control in adults with overweight and obesity : findings from the SITLess pilot randomized crossover trial
Autorzy:
Quiroz, Flor B.
Kuang, Jin
Cannavale, Corinne N.
Burd, Nicholas A.
Pindus, Dominika M.
Herrera, Bryan Montero
Zou, Liye
Liang, Sharon
Hillman, Charles H.
Pickerill, Lauryn
Shanmugam, Ramiya
Bashir, Neha
Kramer, Arthur F.
Tewell, Paige
Syed, Talha
Stanfield, Cole
Khan, Naiman A.
Yu, Qian
Martin, Hannah
Lloyd, Katherine M.
Ligęza, Tomasz
Sharma, Arushi
Opis:
Introduction: Adults with overweight and obesity (OW/OB) show deficits in inhibitory control, which may be amplified by prolonged sitting. This study tested the acute effects of interrupting 3-h prolonged sitting every 30 min with 3.5-min moderate-intensity physical activity bouts (MPA +SIT) on inhibitory control relative to a sedentary social interaction condition (SOC +SIT) in young and middle-aged adults with OW/OB. Method: Data from 19 adults (63% females; 29.9 ±7.5 years; BMI =30.0 ±3.64 kg*m2) were analysed from the SITLess pilot randomized crossover trial. Inhibitory control was expressed as response accuracy and reaction time (RT) on incongruent trials of a flanker task. Choice RT was expressed as accuracy and RT on congruent trials. Attentional resource allocation and the speed of stimulus evaluation were measured using the amplitude and latency of the P3b component of event-related brain potentials, respectively. Intervention effects were tested using Generalized Linear Mixed Models with Time (pre, post) by Condition (MPA +SIT vs. SOC +SIT) interactions and simple effects within each time point. Results: Participants were faster on incongruent trials after MPA +SIT than SOC +SIT (F(18.0, 54) =5.59, p = 0.02; △M =16.7 ms, 95% CI: 1.64, 31.7). A similar trend (F(18.0, 54) =4.03, p =0.05) emerged for congruent trials (△M =17.3 ms, 95% CI: 5.66, 29.0). P3b amplitude and latency did not differ between conditions or time. Conclusion: Interrupting sitting with short MPA bouts is a viable strategy to prevent a decline in cognitive performance following a continuous bout of sitting in adults with OW/OB. A definitive trial should test its efficacy in enhancing cognitive and brain health in obesity.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 31

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies