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Tytuł:
Studies on Cementation of Tin on Copper and Tin Stripping from Copper Substrate
Autorzy:
Rudnik, E.
Sikora, P.
Tematy:
tin
copper
cementation
stripping
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352941.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Cementation of tin on copper in acid chloride-thiourea solutions leads to the formation of porous layers with a thickness dependent on the immersion time. The process occurs via Sn(II)-Cu(I) mechanism. Chemical stripping of tin was carried out in alkaline and acid solutions in the presence of oxidizing agents. It resulted in the dissolution of metallic tin, but refractory Cu3Sn phase remained on the copper surface. Electrochemical tin stripping allows complete tin removal from the copper substrate, but porosity and complex phase composition of the tin coating do not allow monitoring the process in unambiguous way.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainable development in the tinplate industry: refining tinplate leachate with cementation
Autorzy:
Klimko, Jakub
Urban, Kobialkova Ivana
Piroskova, Jana
Orac, Dusan
Havlik, Tomas
Klein, Dusan
Tematy:
tin sludge
recycling
hydrometallurgy
cementation
electrolysis
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Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1449632.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Tin sludge produced during tin electroplating of steel sheet is an interesting secondary source of tin. Dried sludge usually contains more than 50% tin. Hydrometallurgical sludge treatment consists of several steps, including leaching in hydrochloric acid and electrolytic recovery of tin. The electrowinning process is negatively affected by the presence of impurities such as antimony and bismuth, which can cut overall current efficiency to 11% as well as reducing the quality of recovered tin. It is appropriate therefore to remove these impurities from the leachate before the electrowinning steps. This work studies the refining of leachate using cementation. The experiments were carried out at temperatures of 20, 40 and 60 °C at solid to liquid ratios of 1:60, 2:60, 3:60 and 4:60 using tin and iron dust as cementing metals. The leachates were mixed at a constant rate of 400 rpm during all cementation experiments. Effective removal of impurities was achieved in the case of iron powder cementation at s/l ratio 2:60 and temperature 20 °C. This cementation removed 98.49% bismuth and 99.14% antimony from the leachate solution. Electrolysis efficiency was increased from 11 to 71% after leachate refining. Antimony and bismuth were not detected in the final product obtained from refined electrolyte by means of electrolysis.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrometallurgical treatment of hazardous copper Cottrell dusts to recover copper
Autorzy:
Alguacil, F. J.
Regel-Rosocka, M.
Tematy:
Cu solid wastes
leaching
solvent extraction
cementation
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Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110814.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Copper flue dusts, or copper Cottrell dusts, from three types of copper smelting furnaces were leached with different ammonia-based reagents (ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate and aqueous ammonia solutions) to dissolve the oxidised copper species via the formation of copper-ammonia complexes, so that most of the copper-accompanying metals, especially iron, remained in the solid residue. Such copper-bearing dusts are not only valuable secondary source of copper but also are considered as hazardous materials and cannot be dumped as such. Therefore, two procedures for copper dust treatment are proposed, one of them includes ammonium-based leaching, liquid-liquid extraction with LIX 860 (aldoxime), LIX 84 (ketoxime) or LIX 54 (β-diketone) and electrowinning to grade A copper cathode. The other one covers also ammonium-based leaching followed by cementation with zinc to copper cement as a final product.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of root canal rinsing protocol on the push-out bond strength to the dentin cementation of the fiber post
Autorzy:
Ciapała, Bartosz
Górowski, Krzysztof
Ryniewicz, Wojciech I.
Gala, Andrzej
Loster, Jolanta E.
Tematy:
fiber post
rinsing protocols
adhesion
bonding
cementation
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56985328.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Background: Studies on the effect of root canal rinsing protocols on fiber post bonding to dentin are inconclusive. This study reports investigation of this topic. Objectives: to determine effects of irrigation protocol by means of a push-out test on the strength of adhesion between the post and dentin in an in vitro study. Materials and Method: Thirty human single-rooted teeth were prepared using hand instruments and the step-back technique, filled with gutta-percha, sealed with AH Plus (Dentsply), and divided into three groups: A: rinsed with NaCl; B: rinsed with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); C: not rinsed before cementa-tion of posts. The fiber posts were set using RelyX and Built-it. The tooth roots were sliced and the push-out test was performed. The area of contact between the post and dentin was calculated and the destroying force was established. The results were statistically analyzed. Results: The mean adhesive strength was 10.69 MPa in group A, 16.33 MPa in group B, and 16.72 MPa in C. The adhesive strength in group B and C was statistically significantly higher than in group A (p = 0.0016, ANOVA). Conclusion: Rinsing root canals with CHX seems to be the most effective method prior to setting a fiber post.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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