Temat: Competition - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Overview of New Soft-Law Materials Designed to Promote Competition Law Compliance in Serbia
Autorzy:: Dobrić, Maja
Tematy:: competition law
guidelines
Serbia
competition compliance; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2023-11-01
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20679206.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2023, 16, 27; 153-164
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Opis:: The last three years have been very dynamic for the competition authority in Serbia. The newly elected Council and President of the Commission for Protection of Competition (Serbian NCA) have brought a much-needed change to competition enforcement in Serbia, shifting the focus of enforcement from solely individual cases, to looking at the bigger picture and promoting competition law compliance as the preferred business model. During this period, the Serbian NCA has published several soft-law instruments, issuing its first Guidelines for Drafting compliance programmes, accompanied by a Template compliance programme and two compliance Checklists, aimed at identifying competition law related risks. These materials, meant to raise competition law awareness, were accompanied by vigorous advocacy activities in promoting competition law compliance. The overall aim was to foster voluntary compliance with competition law, promoting competition as a positive value in doing business, and ensuring compliance from the bottom up.
L’Autorité de la concurrence serbe a été particulièrement dynamique durant ces trois dernières années. Le Conseil et le président nouvellement élus de la Commission pour la protection de la concurrence (ANC serbe) ont apporté un changement indispensable à l’application du droit de la concurrence en Serbie en mettant l’accent non plus sur les seuls cas individuels mais sur une vision plus globale et en promouvant le respect du droit de la concurrence en tant que modèle d’entreprise à privilégier. Au cours de cette période, l’autorité nationale de concurrence serbe a publié plusieurs instruments juridiques non contraignants, notamment ses premières lignes directrices pour l’élaboration de programmes de conformité, accompagnées d’un modèle de programme de conformité et de deux listes de contrôle de la conformité, visant à identifier les risques liés au droit de la concurrence. Ces activités, destinées à sensibiliser au droit de la concurrence, ont été accompagnées de plaidoyers vigoureux promouvant son respect. L’objectif global était de favoriser le respect volontaire du droit de la concurrence, de promouvoir la concurrence en tant que valeur positive dans la conduite des affaires et d’assurer le respect ascendant (bottom-up) du droit de la concurrence.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Competition Law and Artificial Intelligence – Challenges and Opportunities
Autorzy:: Molski, Rajmund
Tematy:: algorithms
artificial intelligence
competition
competition law; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2021
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/55992026.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Teka Komisji Prawniczej PAN Oddział w Lublinie; 2021, 14, 2; 339-352
1899-7694
2719-7379
Pojawia się w:: Teka Komisji Prawniczej PAN Oddział w Lublinie
Opis:: The dynamic development and expansion of artificial intelligence (AI), one of the most important technologies currently being developed in the world, which may herald the fourth technological revolution, brings not only numerous benefits, but also threats in many spheres of socio-economic life, including law. This breakthrough technology also creates a number of challenges and opportunities for the science and practice of competition law (or antitrust law). The aim of this study is to show the pro- and anticompetitive effects of AI implementation, as well as to identify and outline the key challenges and opportunities that these effects have on competition law. This paper is intended to serve as an introduction to the subject matter. It does not claim to examine it exhaustively, but rather to inspire its further, more extensive and in-depth analysis.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: The Impact of EU Competition Rules on Lithuanian Competition Law
Autorzy:: Stanikunas, Rimantas Antanas
Burinskas, Arunas
Tematy:: goals of competition law
competition law
Lithuania
impact of EU competition rules; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2014
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529929.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2014, 7(9); 87-108
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Opis:: This paper provides a study of the impact of EU competition rules on Lithuanian legislation and legal practice. It was found therein that the Lithuanian law on competition, its competition authority and courts do not adhere to all objectives of EU competition law consistently. In Lithuania, the most followed objectives of EU competition law are primarily that of the internal market and consumer welfare. The European Commission looks at both: competition and the creation and preservation of the internal market, as promoting consumer welfare and an efficient allocation of resources; it proclaims that the role of competition law is to prevent harm to consumers. The Lithuanian law on competition fully corresponds to the provisions of the Treaty. Full compliance is endorsed by the National Competition Authority while Lithuanian courts strive to maintain such policy by referring to the internal market and consumer welfare standards. Both the Lithuanian competition authority and its courts defend consumer welfare from higher prices, reduced output, less choice or lower quality of goods or services, or diminished innovation. Existing legislation and other procedural rules entitle the competition authority and courts of Lithuania to enforce competition law without significant obstacles. Applicable procedures ensure transparent, independent, and professional decision-making by the competition authority, confidentiality, as well as an effective process of investigation and information collection. The Commission's move towards the realignment of competition law with modern economic thinking on efficiency and welfare has begun. It entails not just the adoption of the consumer welfare standard, but also the application of the 'effects' approach. However, EU Courts have not been unambiguously following the consumer welfare standard, as endorsed by the Commission. They protect competitors themselves, rather than competition, ruling in favour of small or medium-sized firms in order to keep markets open and achieve fairness. They tend to protect the structure of the market from indirect possible long-term effects on consumers, rather than just from immediate direct effect on them. Some evidence was found of a 'more economic' approach being applied over the last decade as it started to find its way into the enforcement of Lithuanian competition law. Although this trend is likely to increase in the future, it is, nevertheless, still not the prevailing approach in Lithuania. At the same time, the national competition authority and courts strictly follow the guidelines and communications of the Commission on this issue.
Dans cet article, les auteurs présentent une étude de l'impact des règles de concurrence de l'UE sur la loi et la pratique juridique lituaniennes. Les auteurs ont constaté que le droit de la concurrence, l'autorité administrative et les tribunaux de la Lituanie ne respectent pas tous les objectifs du droit communautaire de la concurrence d’une manière uniforme. En Lituanie, les objectifs les plus suivis du droit de la concurrence de l'UE sont principalement ceux du marché unique et du bien-être des consommateurs. La Commission européenne examine à la fois la concurrence, la création et la préservation du marché unique autant que la promotion du bien-être des consommateurs et une allocation efficace des ressources. Elle proclame le rôle du droit de la concurrence dans la prévention des dommages faites aux consommateurs. En Lituanie, la loi sur la concurrence correspond pleinement aux traités de l'UE. Cette conformité est approuvée par l'autorité administrative. Les tribunaux de la Lituanie s'efforcent de maintenir cette politique en faisant appel aux normes du marché et de la protection des consommateurs individuels. En Lituanie, l'autorité administrative et les tribunaux défendent le bien-être des consommateurs contre la hausse des prix, la baisse de la production, la limitation du choix ou la détérioration de la qualité des biens ou des services, ou la diminution de l'innovation. Tous les actes juridiques et autres règles de procédure permettent à l'autorité administrative et aux tribunaux de la Lituanie d’appliquer l'appareil de droit de la concurrence sans obstacles importants. Les procédures prévues assurent que les décisions sont prises d’une façon transparente, indépendante et professionnelle par l'autorité administrative, autant que la confidentialité et l’efficacité du processus d’enquête et de collecte de l'information requise sont maintenues. La démarche de la Commission vers la réorganisation du droit de la concurrence en conformité avec la pensée économique moderne sur l'efficacité et le bien-être a commencé. Elle implique non seulement l'adoption de la norme de protection des consommateurs, mais aussi l'approche «effets» à l'application de celle-ci. Toutefois, les juridictions de l'UE n'ont pas été sans ambiguïté en suivant le concept de la norme de protection des consommateurs adopté par la Commission; ils protègent les concurrents eux-mêmes plutôt que la concurrence, en faveur des petites et moyennes entreprises, afin de maintenir l'ouverture des marchés et d’atteindre l'équité; ils ont tendance à protéger la structure du marché avec des effets sur les consommateurs qui serions indirects et possibles à long terme, et pas seulement à l'effet direct et immédiat. Les auteurs ont trouvé des preuves de l'approche «plus économique» au cours de la dernière décennie. Il a commencé à trouver sa place dans l'application du droit de la concurrence de la Lituanie. Cette tendance semble à augmenter. Cependant, il ne reste encore pas en vigueur dans l'approche de l'autorité administrative et les tribunaux. En Lituanie, l'autorité administrative et les tribunaux suivent les directives et les communiqués de la Commission sur cette question strictement.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Recent Developments in Slovak Competition Law - Legislation and Case Law Review
Autorzy:: Šabová, Zuzana
Fodorová, Katarína
Lukáčová, Daniela
Tematy:: antitrust
competition
competition advocacy
concentration
Slovakia; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2013-12-01
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529896.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2013, 6(8); 223-243
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: An analysis of the sources of competition disipline in the European Union and in Albania
Autorzy:: Katro, Eriona
Zhezha, Vaeld
Tematy:: competition
protection of competition
sources of competition discipline
european union
albanian discipline; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2016
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036614.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2016, 13; 120-127
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:: Academicus International Scientific Journal
Opis:: Competition discipline in the European Union is a substantial component of the EU’s institutional framework. The Lisbon Treaty made the “internal market” a shared competence, while necessary competition rules for the internal market are an exclusive competence of the Union. This paper aims to analyse the sources of the competition discipline in the EU and in Albania focusing more on constitutional sources. From this analyses will emerge that sources of competition discipline are numerous and each of them plays an important role in the development of the competition policy. But arises the question if these sources are all equally important or not? This paper will focus also n the importance of each source in both levels: European Union and Albanian discipline of competition.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: ORGANIZATION OF ANTITRUST AND COMPETITION POLICY IN UKRAINE IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Autorzy:: Klymenko, Victoria
Lozova, Ganna
Tematy:: competition policy
antitrust policy
Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine
competition advocacy
competition advocacy effectiveness
competitive culture; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2015-12-30
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483967.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Ante Portas – Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem; 2015, 2(5); 63-74
2353-6306
Pojawia się w:: Ante Portas – Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem
Opis:: Existing barriers to the development of competitive relations in Ukraine are the factors that cause low efficiency of the Ukrainian economy, which prevents its European Integration. The article represents the analysis of the state of competition in Ukraine and the results of the activity of Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine. The article deals with the main forms of competition advocacy in Ukraine, the influence of modern AMC’s tools on target groups and the measurement of the competition advocacy effectiveness. The priority areas of competition policy in order to implement Eurointegration strategy in Ukraine are determined.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Wirtualna a doskonała konkurencja
Virtual vs. perfect competition
Autorzy:: Maciąg, Piotr
Tematy:: competition
Big Data
cloud computing
networking
virtual competition; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2016
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/426176.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: e-mentor. Czasopismo naukowe Szkoły Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie; 2016, 5 (67); 46-52
1731-6758
1731-7428
Pojawia się w:: e-mentor. Czasopismo naukowe Szkoły Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie
Opis:: Multitude of competition concepts causes the necessity to search for theories corresponding most appropriately with the real life. Dynamic changes taking place in the economy of the twenty-first century bring new elements, which cannot be disregarded when analyzing modern processes of competing. Big Data, cloud computing and social networking are those aspects of the process of digitization of the economy that disrupted many activities of traditional companies. Easy access to enormous amounts of data makes its effective use become a huge challenge for many companies, as it changes the way they should consider the issue of being competitive. The aim of this article is to provide the review of latest research in the field and to identify the best models to be applied. The results of research confirm that revival of the model of perfect competition is currently observed. Classical analysis of market structures indicates its convergence with the model of virtual competition, which seem to describe best the structures of modern market.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Can Coordination Between the Producer and the Distributor in the Process of Calculating Prices and Their Structure in the Tariff Process Be Regarded as Legally Prohibited, Having Regard to the Provisions of Sectorial Regulation and the Regulatory Practice? Case Comment to Decision of the President of UOKiK of 3 December 2020, DOK-5/2020
Autorzy:: Elżanowski, Filip
Tematy:: tariff
monopoly
competition
restrictive agreement
competition authority
regulatory body; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2021-12-10
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158426.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2021, 14, 24; 187-206
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Opis:: This is a case study analysis based on the decision No. DOK-5/2020 issued by the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (hereinafter: UOKiK) of 3 December 2020. The main part of the text will be devoted to the analysis of the scope of competences of the President of Energy Regulatory Office (hereinafter: URE) (the NRA) and the President of UOKiK (the NCA) regarding the regulation of heat prices (taking into account Polish and EU doctrine and jurisprudence). In contrast to other publications on the relationship between the competences of the President of URE and the President of UOKiK in supervising the heat market, the paper will focus on the following issues: the process of exchanging information between generators and distributors, the practice of tariff proceedings before the President of URE and the role of the President of UOKiK in the process of tariffing heat prices. The conclusion of the text will be that due to the provisions of Polish energy law, the role of the President of URE in the tariff process, the public nature of tariff applications and approved tariffs, no unauthorised coordination of information exchange between heating companies is possible. The thesis will be supported by de lege ferenda arguments.
Ce commentaire est basé sur la décision n° DOK-5/2020 émise par le président de l’Office polonais de la concurrence et de la protection des consommateurs (ci-après: UOKiK) du 3 décembre 2020. La partie principale du texte est dédiée à l’analyse de la portée des compétences du président de l’Office de régulation de l’énergie (ci-après : URE) et du président de l’UOKiK en ce qui concerne la régulation des prix de la chaleur (en tenant compte de la doctrine et de la jurisprudence polonaises et européennes). Contrairement à d’autres publications sur la relation entre les compétences du président de l’URE et du président de l’UOKiK dans la supervision du marché de la chaleur, le commentarie se focalise sur les questions suivantes: le processus d’échange d’informations entre les producteurs et les distributeurs, la pratique des procédures tarifaires devant le président de l’URE et le rôle du président de l’UOKiK dans le processus de tarification des prix de la chaleur. La conclusion du commentaire est qu’en raison des dispositions de la loi polonaise sur l’énergie, du rôle du président de l’URE dans le processus de tarification, du caractère public des demandes de tarifs et des tarifs approuvés, aucune coordination non autorisée de l’échange d’informations entre les sociétés de chauffage n’est possible. La thèse sera soutenue par des arguments de lege ferenda.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: The competition numbers of Johnson graphs
Autorzy:: Kim, Suh-Ryung
Park, Boram
Sano, Yoshio
Tematy:: competition graph
competition number
edge clique cover
Johnson graph; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2010
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/744040.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2010, 30, 3; 449-459
2083-5892
Pojawia się w:: Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
Opis:: The competition graph of a digraph D is a graph which has the same vertex set as D and has an edge between two distinct vertices x and y if and only if there exists a vertex v in D such that (x,v) and (y,v) are arcs of D. For any graph G, G together with sufficiently many isolated vertices is the competition graph of some acyclic digraph. The competition number k(G) of a graph G is defined to be the smallest number of such isolated vertices. In general, it is hard to compute the competition number k(G) for a graph G and to characterize all graphs with given competition number k has been one of the important research problems in the study of competition graphs. The Johnson graph J(n,d) has the vertex set ${v_X | X ∈ \binom{[n]}{d}$, where $\binom{[n]}{d}$ denotes the set of all d-subsets of an n-set [n] = {1,..., n}, and two vertices $v_{X₁}$ and $v_{X₂}$ are adjacent if and only if |X₁ ∩ X₂| = d - 1. In this paper, we study the edge clique number and the competition number of J(n,d). Especially we give the exact competition numbers of J(n,2) and J(n,3).
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Lessons learned in a ball fetch-and-carry robotic competition
Autorzy:: Cigolini, M.
Costalunga, A.
Parisi, F.
Patander, R.
Salsi, I.
Signifredi, A.
Valeriani, D.
Rizzini, D. L.
Caselli, S.
Tematy:: Robotic Competition; Pokaż więcej
Data publikacji:: 2014
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/385072.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Źródło:: Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2014, 8, 1; 82-90
1897-8649
2080-2145
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
Opis:: Robot competitions are effective means to learn the issues of autonomous systems on the field, by solving a complex problem end-to-end. In this paper, we illustrate Red Beard Button, the robotic system that we developed for the Sick Robot Day 2012 competition, and we highlight notions about design and implementation of robotic systems acquired through this experience. The aim of the contest was to detect, fetch and carry balls with an assigned color to a dropping area, similarly to a foraging navigation task. The developed robotic system was required to perceive colored balls, to grasp and transport balls, and to localize itself and navigate to assigned areas. Through extensive experiments the team developed an initial prototype, discovered pitialls, revised the initial assumptions and design decisions, and took advantage of the iteration process to perform successfully at the compe tition.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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