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Wyszukujesz frazę "clay" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola

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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 827
Tytuł:
Mechanical dispersion of clay from soil into water: readily-dispersed and spontaneously-dispersed clay
Autorzy:
Czyz, E.A.
Dexter, A.R.
Tematy:
mechanical dispersion
clay
soil
water
readily-dispersed clay spontaneously-dispersed clay
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24323.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
A method for the experimental determination of the amount of clay dispersed from soil into water is described. The method was evaluated using soil samples from agricultural fields in 18 locations in Poland. Soil particle size distributions, contents of organic matter and exchangeable cations were measured by standard methods. Sub-samples were placed in distilled water and were subjected to four different energy inputs obtained by different numbers of inversions (end-over-end movements). The amounts of clay that dispersed into suspension were measured by light scattering (turbidimetry). An empirical equation was developed that provided an approximate fit to the experimental data for turbidity as a function of number of inversions. It is suggested that extrapolation of the fitted equation to zero inversions enables the amount of spontaneously-dispersed clay to be estimated. This method introduces the possibility of replacing the existing subjective, qualitative method of determining spontaneously-dispersed clay with a quantitative, objective method. Even though the disper-sed clay is measured under saturated conditions, soil samples retaina ‘memory’ of the water contents at which they have been stored.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of water on various clay rocks
Autorzy:
Goc, A.
Wojtasiak, P.
Piotrowski, J.
Stec, M.
Tematy:
swelling
clay rocks
clay
shale
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298878.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
One of the challenges of any laboratory dealing with drilling fluids is to develop a mud that is also environmentally friendly and, on the other hand, inhibits the clay layers to a maximum. The article presents the influence of water on various samples of clay rocks characterized by different geological age. The research was carried out using the Linear Swelling Meter. The geological age, the environment in which the clay rock was formed, the depth of burial – all these factors affect the swelling properties of individual clay rocks. Knowledge of the swelling properties of clay rocks allows the proper selection of drilling fluid system.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Swelling pressure of natural and modified smectite-bearing clay raw materials
Autorzy:
Panna, W.
Wyszomirski, P.
Szumera, M.
Tematy:
clay raw materials
swelling pressure
sodium activated smectites
waterproofing materials
Krakowiec clays
Triassic clay
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Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110772.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Smectite clays, due to their barrier properties and swelling ability, are often applied for waterproofing purposes. A proper value of swelling pressure is one of the parameters, which must be met by the fillers used in hybrid waterproofing materials. The authors determined the swelling pressure of selected clay raw materials in their natural state and after chemical modification. This parameter was measured by the Komine method, as this procedure is more accurate than the standard edometric method. The authors introduced some changes in the method. The samples represent Krakowiec clays (Miocene) and a Triassic clay, collected in active pits of building clays, which are widely exploited in south Poland. The content of the smectite group minerals, determined from the sorption of methylene blue and copper(II) triethylenetetramine, ranges between 15 and 35%. Further characteristics of the clays were obtained with X-ray diffraction, chemical analyses (calcium carbonate content including) and pH measurements. It has been found that the activation of smectite clays with sodium lowers their swelling pressure as water penetrates easier the interlayer spaces of the smectites modified. This is important from the viewpoint of assessing the quality of bentonite fillers.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Light clay and straw bale solutions in contemporary housing construction
Autorzy:
Drozd, W.
Tematy:
light clay
straw bales
housing construction
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Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/348491.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The article presents issues related to solutions with light clay and straw bales in the contemporary housing construction. Building using straw bales and light clay is simple, eco-friendly and accessible to all. It fits in the ideas of sustainable development, supports local businesses and gives the opportunity to integrate people while designing and building a house. The article presents the thermal analysis for this type of walls and subsequent conclusions that allow the treatment of straw and light clay as a viable alternative to the commonly used technologies of erecting buildings.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laboratory studies on benzene sorption processes in clay formations
Autorzy:
Wołowiec, K.
Malina, G.
Tematy:
sorption process
retardation factor
clay
benzene
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184152.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The presented studies focused on benzene sorption mechanisms in the semi-permeable geological formations (aquitards). Clay formations were taken under consideration as not well investigated so far. Natural clay samples artificially contaminated with benzene were used in batch and column experiments to determine benzene partitioning and retardation in the studied clay material, and to reflect natural groundwater flow conditions. Column tests were carried out under controlled water flow conditions and using undisturbed clay samples. Benzene concentrations in tested samples (water and soil) were determined by gas chromatography (GC-FID). The linear sorption isotherm was used to fit the experimental data, as well as calculate the distribution coefficient (K d = 0,042) and the retardation factor (R = 1.21) of benzene in the studied clay material. These parameters are important for mathematical modelling of the fate and transport of benzene through the semi-permeable formations (clays) to assess the associated risk and to prevent groundwater resources from contamination.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Clay/nanocomposite hydrogels : In review
Autorzy:
Kurama, Haldun
Şengel, Sultan Bütün
Tematy:
hydrogel
clay
composite hydrogel
exfoliation
high energy ball mills
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24085586.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The development of advanced materials those are stronger, more rigid, lighter, hotter and self-renewable than existing materials has been the rising point of many research studies conducted in recent years. Within this scope, the interest to production of nanostructured materials is received considerable attention worldwide due to their potential positive contribution to wide variety of technological areas such as electronics, catalysis, adsorbents, ceramics, magnetic data storage, structural components etc. In these efforts polymer nanocomposites as the form of hydrogels, reinforced with well-dispersed layered silicate, typically montmorillonite can be given as a one of the promising composite material. However, long-standing problems for polymer-clay nanocomposites include actual exfoliation of clay particles in discrete layers, uniform distribution of clay layers throughout the polymer, and randomness of clay sequences. For the exfoliation of clay particles, although the chemical modification of clay minerals in aqueous media is the well-known and more general way applied by researchers, the physical pathway method performed by high-energy ball mills is also gaining increasing attention as an alternative pretreatment way. Grinding of crushed materials is one of the key processes in the mineral and cement industry, but the increased concern on the preparation of fine-grained powders (nano powders) or the manufacture of composites with desirable properties, especially performed with use of high-energy ball mills, has led to significantly widen the usage field of grinding. Undoubtedly, the main reason for these efforts is to improve the performance of existing materials. In this paper the fundamental concepts, classification, physical and chemical characteristics and the production methods of clay/polymer nanocomposites was briefly reviewed base on the composite hydrogel. Particular attention was paid to the pre-treatment (exfoliation) of clays with high-energy ball mills, which is increasingly being accepted as an alternative method to eliminate the negative effects of chemical treatment in some composite forms.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
‘Brown-Clay’ Amphorae from Gonio (Apsaros)
Autorzy:
Komar, Paulina
Tematy:
‘brown-clay’ amphorae
Colchis
Gonio
Apsaros
production
transport
Black Sea region
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1774687.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This paper presents the first study of the so-called ‘brown-clay’ amphorae discovered by the Gonio-Apsaros Polish-Georgian Expedition in the Roman fort of Apsaros (modern Gonio, Georgia) between 2014 and 2018. In the course of five excavation seasons, 157 diagnostic fragments of these containers were attested, all belonging to variants Ch 1B2 and Ch 1C dated to between c. 50 BC and the 3rd century AD. Thus, they confirm the existence of the Apsaros fortress during the first three centuries of the present era. Both Colchian and south-eastern Pontic containers were found in Apsaros, the latter produced probably in Trapezus. This suggests the south-eastern Pontic provenance of some of the imports in Apsaros, especially until the end of the 1st century AD. On the other hand, local production of containers indicates that the area of the fortress might have produced food surpluses (probably wine), which during the late 1st and throughout the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD were exported to other areas neighbouring the Black Sea.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 827

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