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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    The global wildland–urban interface
    Autorzy:
    Cox, Heather
    Bar-Massada, Avi
    Carlson, Amanda R.
    Schug, Franz
    Radeloff, Volker C.
    Kaim, Dominik
    Kasraee, Neda K.
    Pfoch, Kira A.
    Martinuzzi, Sebastián
    Mockrin, Miranda H.
    Helmers, David
    Hostert, Patrick
    Hawbaker, Todd J.
    Opis:
    The wildland–urban interface (WUI) is where buildings and wildland vegetation meet or intermingle1,2. It is where human–environmental conflicts and risks can be concentrated, including the loss of houses and lives to wildfire, habitat loss and fragmentation and the spread of zoonotic diseases3. However, a global analysis of the WUI has been lacking. Here, we present a global map of the 2020 WUI at 10 m resolution using a globally consistent and validated approach based on remote sensing-derived datasets of building area4 and wildland vegetation5. We show that the WUI is a global phenomenon, identify many previously undocumented WUI hotspots and highlight the wide range of population density, land cover types and biomass levels in different parts of the global WUI. The WUI covers only 4.7% of the land surface but is home to nearly half its population (3.5 billion). The WUI is especially widespread in Europe (15% of the land area) and the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome (18%). Of all people living near 2003–2020 wildfires (0.4 billion), two thirds have their home in the WUI, most of them in Africa (150 million). Given that wildfire activity is predicted to increase because of climate change in many regions6, there is a need to understand housing growth and vegetation patterns as drivers of WUI change.
    Dostawca treści:
    Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The circadian clock influences T cell responses to vaccination by regulating dendritic cell antigen processing
    Autorzy:
    Wilk, Mieszko
    Early, James O.
    Klavina, Paula A.
    Cervantes-Silva, Mariana P.
    Payet, Cloe A.
    Carroll, Richard G.
    Sánchez-García, F. Javier
    He, Yan
    Fagan, Lauren E.
    Moreira, Diana
    Hurley, Jennifer M.
    Finlay, David K.
    Cox, Shannon L.
    Schoen, Ingmar
    Timmons, George A.
    McGinley, Alan
    Buel, Sharleen M.
    O’Siorain, James R.
    Drewinski, Tabea
    Preston, Roger J. S.
    Curtis, Annie M.
    Mills, Kingston H. G.
    Opis:
    Dendritic cells play a key role in processing and presenting antigens to naïve T cells to prime adaptive immunity. Circadian rhythms are known to regulate many aspects of immunity; however, the role of circadian rhythms in dendritic cell function is still unclear. Here, we show greater T cell responses when mice are immunised in the middle of their rest versus their active phase. We find a circadian rhythm in antigen processing that correlates with rhythms in both mitochondrial morphology and metabolism, dependent on the molecular clock gene, Bmal1. Using Mdivi-1, a compound that promotes mitochondrial fusion, we are able to rescue the circadian deficit in antigen processing and mechanistically link mitochondrial morphology and antigen processing. Furthermore, we find that circadian changes in mitochondrial $Ca^{2+}$ are central to the circadian regulation of antigen processing. Our results indicate that rhythmic changes in mitochondrial calcium, which are associated with changes in mitochondrial morphology, regulate antigen processing.
    Dostawca treści:
    Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Same data, different analysts : variation in effect sizes due to analytical decisions in ecology and evolutionary biology
    Autorzy:
    Thawley, Christopher J.
    Ferreira-Arruda, Thalita
    Rugemalila, Deusdedith
    Taff, Conor Claverie
    Hager, Heather A.
    Schmoll, Tim
    Ke, Alison
    Fisher, David N.
    Payo-Payo, Ana
    Mos, Benjamin
    Abbey-Lee, Robin N.
    Martin, Charles A.
    Manrique-Garzon, Laura Milena
    Michelangeli, Marcus
    Shapiro, Julie Teresa
    Rosenberg, Michael S.
    Schroeder, Julia
    Cox, Murray P.
    Novotny, Jessie Lanterman
    Santos, Leticia Pereira
    Kačergytė, Ineta
    Muraina, Taofeek Olatunbosun
    Griffith, Frances J.
    Riva, Federico
    Paterson, John Harold
    García-Cervigón, Ana I.
    Camerlenghi, Ettore
    Macphie, Kirsty H.
    Schmidt, Marcus
    Youngflesh, Casey
    Palacio, Facundo Xavier
    Campbell, Sara E.
    Skupien, Fabrício Luiz
    Keogan, Katharine
    Perry, Kayla I.
    Bell, Kristian
    Good, Megan Kate
    Harrison, Natasha Dean
    Paquet, Matthieu
    Zilio, Giacomo
    Pottier, Patrice
    Organ, Chris L.
    Döbert, Timm Fabian
    Greenler, Skye M.
    Marchand, Philippe
    Smith, Jeremy A.
    Elmore, Jared Alan
    Turnell, Biz R.
    Jucker, Tommaso
    Gandy, Sara L.
    Verrelli, Brian C.
    Atkins, Jeff W.
    Razafindratsima, Onja H.
    Vélez, Juliana
    Johnsson, Martin
    Crouch, Connor Davidson
    de Sousa, Alexandra Allison
    Martin, Dominic Andreas
    Tanentzap, Andrew J.
    Walker, Xanthe J.
    Wolfson, David William
    Bradham, Jennifer
    Ross, Jessica
    Atkinson, Joe
    Barrett, Meghan
    Gould, Elliot
    Shearer, Caroline L.
    Wood, Andrew
    Law, Alan
    Kaltz, Oliver
    Gliksman, Daniel
    Drobniak, Szymon
    Hagan, James G.
    van Oordt, Francis
    Hsu, Bin-Yan
    Billman, Peter D.
    de Lima, Daniela Oliveira
    Blake, Shannon
    Finch, Elizabeth A.
    Kothari, Shan
    Griffith, Daniel M.
    Herrera-Chaustre, María Laura
    Slinn, Heather Lea
    Ramananjato, Veronarindra
    Zimmer, Cédric
    Meiners, Scott J.
    Martinig, April Robin
    Goslee, Sarah C.
    Campos, Leonardo L. F.
    Gilles, Marc
    Duffy, Alexandra Grace
    Baker, Christopher M.
    Vergara-Florez, Diana Carolina
    Santostefano, Francesca
    Tompkins, Emily M.
    Dunn, Robert P.
    Dobson, Adam J.
    Salazar, Stephen M.
    Eberhart-Hertel, Luke
    Kochan, David P.
    Takola, Elina
    Géron, Charly
    Freund, Cathryn A.
    Blake, Charlie K.
    Chik, Heung Ying Janet
    Telford, Richard J.
    Magellan, Kit
    Zimmerman, Gregory Mark
    Bertram, Michael Grant
    Luquet, Martin
    Roast, Michael James
    Nooten, Sabine S.
    Hamilton, Daniel G.
    D’Amelio, Pietro B.
    Goldspiel, Harrison B.
    Mortensen, Jennifer
    Vanderwel, Mark C.
    Yen, Jian D. L.
    Niemelä, Petri
    McCallum, Erin S.
    Malm, Lisa E.
    Trlica, Andrew
    Christie, Alec Philip
    Mair, Magdalena M.
    Weaver, Ryan J.
    Salmón, Pablo
    Caravaggi, Anthony
    Harris, Jonathan Philo
    Elsherif, Mahmoud Medhat
    Vitali, Valerio
    Murphy, Penelope Wrenn
    Aloni, Irith
    Havird, Justin Chase
    Sánchez-Tójar, Alfredo
    English, Holly M.
    Pedersen, Karen Marie
    Clark, Bethany L.
    Walker, Jeffrey
    Brand, Jack A.
    Schtickzelle, Nicolas
    Zitomer, Rachel A.
    Kusch, Jillian M.
    Larson, Courtney L.
    Haesen, Stef
    Chunco, Amanda J.
    Moiron, Maria
    Heaton, Andrew J.
    Schilling, Hayden T.
    Killion, Alexander K.
    Lagisz, Malgorzata
    Bulla, Martin
    Tarjuelo, Rocío
    Hasnain, Sarah Syedia
    Sollmann, Rahel
    Fidler, Fiona
    Merkling, Thomas
    Grebe, Nicholas M.
    Román-Palacios, Cristian
    Frank, Graham S.
    Gomes, Dylan G. E.
    Kelly, Clint D.
    Simón, Diego
    Olin, Agnes Birgitta
    Bradfer-Lawrence, Tom
    Manhart, Michael
    Whelan, Shannon
    Villamil, Nora
    Cressman, Kimberly A.
    Alcaraz, Carles
    Griffioen, Maaike
    Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban
    Cardoso, Pedro
    Russell, Avery L.
    Jung, Martin
    Girndt, Antje
    Fiorenza, Evan A.
    Bordes, Camille Nina Marion
    McCauley, Mark
    Saccone, Patrick
    Gratton, Paolo
    Tortorelli, Claire Marie
    Crotti, Marco
    Dobler, Ralph
    Fourcade, Yoan
    Griffith, Simon C.
    Rocha, Felipe Pereira
    Nelli, Luca
    Sutton, Guy F.
    Ensminger, David C.
    Beltrán, Iván
    Martin, Jake Mitchell
    Keppeler, Friedrich Wolfgang
    Boyd, Melissa Anna
    Gosnell, J. Stephen
    Waryszak, Pawel
    Brengdahl, Martin I.
    Lindsay, Shane
    Chuang, Angela
    Forstmeier, Wolfgang
    Tidau, Svenja
    Fieberg, John
    Johnson, Douglas H.
    Perez, Grégoire
    Lauterbur, M. Elise
    Kuppler, Jonas
    Mäntylä, Elina
    Thierry, Hugo
    Catanach, Therese A.
    Vanderwel, K. Michelle
    Bonisoli-Alquati, Andrea
    Sadeh, Asaf
    Iranzo, Esperanza C.
    Aguirre, Luis A.
    L’Herpiniere, Kiara
    Parker, Timothy H.
    Smith, Grania Polly
    Whitney, Kaitlin Stack
    Lembrechts, Jonas J.
    Choy, Emily Sarah
    Léandri-Breton, Don-Jean
    Bonnet, Timothée
    Dutta, Trishna
    Dunning, Jamie
    Garretson, Alexis C.
    Mandeville, Caitlin P.
    Iverson, Erik N. K.
    Nightingale, Josh
    Still, Shannon Michael
    Abbott, Jessica K.
    Parker, Darren James
    Ruuskanen, Suvi
    Fontaine, Amélie
    Scott, Drew A.
    Vanderwolf, Karen J.
    Ostevik, Kate L.
    Lievens, Eva J. P.
    Botterill-James, Thomas
    Berauer, Bernd J.
    Mammola, Stefano
    Geary, William L.
    Jimoh, Saheed Olaide
    Duncan, Alison B.
    Fraser, Hannah S.
    White, Rachel Louise
    Ge, Xuezhen
    Van de Vondel, Stijn
    Chen, Xuan
    Carroll, Charles J. W.
    Rowland, Freya E.
    Grames, Eliza M.
    Nakagawa, Shinichi
    Pascall, David J.
    Covernton, Garth A.
    Thomson, Jacqueline
    Pasquarella, Valerie J.
    Swallow, Ben
    Bliard, Louis
    Stuber, Erica F.
    Bello, Suleiman Kehinde
    Lauck, Katherine S.
    Grossman, Jake J.
    Urban, Lara
    Proulx, Raphaël
    Weller, Daniel L.
    Roche, Dominique G.
    Larkin, Daniel J.
    Boyle, Sarah A.
    Korsten, Peter
    Contina, Andrea
    Proulx, Michael J.
    Van Eeckhoven, Jens
    Ferguson, Stephen M.
    Sharma, Nitika
    Marshall, Benjamin Michael
    Nolazco, Sergio
    Schultz, Nick L.
    Kim, Dongmin
    Lalla, Kristen Marianne
    Ernst, Ulrich Rainer
    Rennison, Diana J.
    Güncan, Ali
    Riyahi, Sepand
    Moreira, Bruno
    Iannarilli, Fabiola
    Wedegärtner, Ronja E. M.
    Yanco, Scott W.
    Randimbiarison, Finaritra Tolotra
    Vollering, Julien
    Schneider, Adam C.
    Vesk, Peter A.
    McNew, Sabrina M.
    Arekar, Kunal
    Nilsonne, Gustav
    Bose, Aneesh P. H.
    Walter, Jonathan A.
    Gannon, Dustin G.
    Howard, Tanner J.
    Scroggie, Michael Peter
    Doherty, Tim S.
    Sitvarin, Michael I.
    Vieira, Marcus Vinícius
    Altschul, Drew
    Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo
    Pruett, Jessica L
    Schrock, Allie E.
    Sales, Kris
    MacLeod, Ross
    Jorna, Jesse
    Bussière, Luc
    van der Wal, Jessica Eva Megan
    Opis:
    Although variation in effect sizes and predicted values among studies of similar phenomena is inevitable, such variation far exceeds what might be produced by sampling error alone. One possible explanation for variation among results is differences among researchers in the decisions they make regarding statistical analyses. A growing array of studies has explored this analytical variability in different fields and has found substantial variability among results despite analysts having the same data and research question. Many of these studies have been in the social sciences, but one small “many analyst” study found similar variability in ecology. We expanded the scope of this prior work by implementing a large-scale empirical exploration of the variation in effect sizes and model predictions generated by the analytical decisions of different researchers in ecology and evolutionary biology. We used two unpublished datasets, one from evolutionary ecology (blue tit, Cyanistes caeruleus, to compare sibling number and nestling growth) and one from conservation ecology (Eucalyptus, to compare grass cover and tree seedling recruitment). The project leaders recruited 174 analyst teams, comprising 246 analysts, to investigate the answers to prespecified research questions. Analyses conducted by these teams yielded 141 usable effects (compatible with our meta-analyses and with all necessary information provided) for the blue tit dataset, and 85 usable effects for the Eucalyptus dataset. We found substantial heterogeneity among results for both datasets, although the patterns of variation differed between them. For the blue tit analyses, the average effect was convincingly negative, with less growth for nestlings living with more siblings, but there was near continuous variation in effect size from large negative effects to effects near zero, and even effects crossing the traditional threshold of statistical significance in the opposite direction. In contrast, the average relationship between grass cover and Eucalyptus seedling number was only slightly negative and not convincingly different from zero, and most effects ranged from weakly negative to weakly positive, with about a third of effects crossing the traditional threshold of significance in one direction or the other. However, there were also several striking outliers in the Eucalyptus dataset, with effects far from zero. For both datasets, we found substantial variation in the variable selection and random effects structures among analyses, as well as in the ratings of the analytical methods by peer reviewers, but we found no strong relationship between any of these and deviation from the meta-analytic mean. In other words, analyses with results that were far from the mean were no more or less likely to have dissimilar variable sets, use random effects in their models, or receive poor peer reviews than those analyses that found results that were close to the mean. The existence of substantial variability among analysis outcomes raises important questions about how ecologists and evolutionary biologists should interpret published results, and how they should conduct analyses in the future.
    Dostawca treści:
    Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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