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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 16
Tytuł:
Inherent optical properties and particulate matter distribution in summer season in waters of Hornsund and Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen
Autorzy:
Sagan, S.
Darecki, M.
Tematy:
inherent optical property
particulate matter
vertical structure
summer season
Atlantic water
Hornsund
Kongsfjorden
Spitsbergen
hydrological regime
water mass
water column
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49136.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Two Spitsbergen fjords, Hornsund and Kongsfjorden, are known for being under different hydrological regimes. The first is cold, separated from warm Atlantic water by East Spitsbergen Current, while Kongsfjorden is frequently penetrated by relatively warm Atlantic water. On the other hand, both are under strong influence of water discharge from glaciers and land freshwater input. During the period of observation in both fjords a dominant water mass was Surface Water, which originates mainly from glacial melt. The presence of suspended matter introduced with melt water in Surface Water is reflected by highest values of light attenuation and absorption coefficients recorded in areas close to glacier both in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden. In Hornsund the maximum light attenuation coefficient cpg(555) was 5.817 m−1 and coefficient of light absorption by particles ap(676) = 0.10 m−1. In Kongsfjorden the corresponding values were 26.5 m−1 and 0.223 m−1. In Kongsfjorden suspended matter of the size class 20–200 μm dominated over fractions smaller than 20 μm while in Hornsund dominating size fraction was 2–20 μm. The results provide an evidence of considerable range of variability of the optical properties mainly due to glacial and riverine runoff. The scale of variability of particulate matter in Kongsfjorden is bigger than in Hornsund. Most of the variability in Hornsund can be attributed to glaciers discharge and a presence of particles of mineral origin, while in Kongsfjorden the organic and mineral particles contribute almost equally to defining the optical properties of water.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of seawater polluted by light and heavy crude oil droplets
Autorzy:
Rudź, K.
Darecki, M.
Toczek, H.
Tematy:
oil pollution
remote sensing reflectance
Monte Carlo simulation
radiative transfer
oil-in-water emulsion
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Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246668.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Significant amounts of crude oil transported from offshore fields to the refineries using tankers or pipelines, demand increased control of seawater pollution. Tanker accidents resulting in oil spills drive much attention, as they influence local marine life and coastal industry. However, the most significant annual amount of crude oil enters the sea in the form of oilin- water emulsion as a result of standard tanker operations, offshore oil extraction and daily work of refineries. Many branches of science are challenged to provide new methods for oil detection, less expensive, more sensitive and more accurate. Remote satellite or airborne detection of large oil spills is possible using joint techniques as microwave radars, ultraviolet laser fluorosensors and infrared radars. Some methods are capable to deal with oil streaks detection and estimation of oil thickness. Although there is currently, no method to detect small concentration of oil droplets dispersed in seawater. Oil droplets become additional absorbents and attenuators in water body. They significantly change seawater inherent optical properties, which imply the change of apparent optical properties, detectable using remote sensing techniques. To enable remote optical detection of oil-in-water emulsion, a study of optical properties of two types of crude oil was conducted. Radiative transfer theory was applied to quantify the contribution of oil emulsion to remote sensing reflectance (Rrs). Spectra of Rrs from in situ measurements in Baltic Sea were compared to Rrs spectra of seawater polluted by 1 ppm of crude oil emulsion, collected using radiative transfer simulation. The light crude oil caused a 9-10% increase of Rrs while the heavy one reduced Rrs up to 30% (model accuracy stayed within 5% for considered spectral range). Results are discussed concerning their application to shipboard and offshore oil content detection.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Report on the development of the Vistula River plume in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk during the May 2010 flood
Autorzy:
Zajaczkowski, M.
Darecki, M.
Szczucinski, W.
Tematy:
Vistula River
river plume
flood
flood wave
Gdansk Gulf
coastal water
hydrological condition
water discharge
suspended matter
concentration
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47599.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The hydrological conditions, suspended matter concentrations and vertical par- ticulate matter flux were measured as the River Vistula flood wave (maximum discharge) was flowing into the southern part of the Gulf of Gdańsk on 26 May 2010. Extending offshore for several tens of kilometres, the river plume was well stratified, with the upper layer flowing away from the shore and the near-bottom water coastwards.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Validation of empirical and semi-analytical remote sensing algorithms for estimating absorption by Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter in the Baltic Sea from SeaWiFS and MODIS imagery
Autorzy:
Kowalczuk, P.
Darecki, M.
Zablocka, M.
Gorecka, I.
Tematy:
validation
remote sensing
Ocean colour
satellite validation
coloured dissolved organic matter
organic matter
absorption
Baltic Sea
Gdansk Gulf
Vistula River
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47876.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
An extensive bio-optical data set obtained from field measurements was used to evaluate the performance of an empirical (Kowalczuk et al. 2005) and two semi- analytical algorithms: Carder et al. (1999) and GSM01 (Maritorena et al. 2002) for estimating CDOM absorption in the Baltic Sea. The data set includes coincident measurements of radiometric quantities and absorption coefficients of CDOM made during 43 cruises between 2000 and 2008. In the first stage of the analysis, the accuracy of the empirical algorithm by Kowalczuk et al. (2005) was assessed using in situ measurements of remote sensing reflectance. Validation results improved when matching points located in Gulf of Gdańsk close to the Vistula River mouth were eliminated from the data set. The calculated errors in the estimation of aCDOM(400) in the first phase of the analysis were Bias = −0.02, RMSE = 0.46 and R2 = 0.70. In the second stage, the empirical algorithm was tested on satellite data from SeaWiFS and MODIS imagery. The satellite data were corrected atmospherically with the MUMM algorithm designed for turbid coastal and inland waters and implemented in the SeaDAS software. The results of the best case scenario for estimating the CDOM absorption coefficient aCDOM(400), based on SeaWiFS data, were Bias = −0.02, RMSE = 0.23 and R2 = 0.40. The validation of the Kowalczuk et al. (2005) empirical algorithm applied to MODIS data led to a less accurate estimate of aCDOM(400): Bias = −0.03, RMSE = 0.19 and R2 = 0.29. This assessment of the accuracy of standard semi-analytical algorithms available in the SeaWiFS and MODIS imagery processing software revealed that both algorithms (GSM 01 and Carder) underestimate CDOM absorption in the Baltic Sea with mean systematic and random errors in excess of 70%. The paper presents examples of the application of the Kowalczuk et al. (2005) empirical algorithm for producing maps of the seasonal distribution of aCDOM(400) in the Baltic Sea between 2004 and 2008.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Daily radiation budget of the Baltic Sea surface from satellite data
Autorzy:
Zapadka, T.
Krężel, A.
Paszkutab, M.
Darecki, M.
Tematy:
surface radiation budget
satellite
Baltic Sea
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Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260145.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Recently developed system for assessment of radiation budget for the Baltic Sea has been presented and verified. The system utilizes data from various sources: satellite, model and in situ measurements. It has been developed within the SatBałtyk project (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment - www.satbaltyk.eu) where the energy radiation budget is one of the key element. The SatBałtyk system generates daily maps of the all components of radiation budget on every day basis. We show the scheme of making daily maps, applied algorithms and empirical data collection within the system. An empirical verification of the system has been carried out based on empirical data collected on the oil rig placed on the Baltic Sea. This verification concerned all the components of the surface radiation budget. The average daily NET products are estimated with statistical error ca. 13 Wm-2. The biggest absolute statistical error is for LWd component and equals 14 Wm-2. The relative error in relation to the average annual values for whole Baltic is the biggest for SWu and reaches 25%. All estimated components have correlation coefficient above 0.91.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laboratory measurements of remote sensing reflectance of selected phytoplankton species from the Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Soja-Wozniak, M.
Darecki, M.
Wojtasiewicz, B.
Bradtke, K.
Tematy:
remote sensing
reflectance
phytoplankton
diatom
Cyclotella meneghiniana
Skeletonema marinoi
Cyanoprokaryota
Dolichospermum
Nodularia spumigena
Synechococcus
Baltic Sea
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47866.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Results of unique laboratory measurements of remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) of several phytoplankton species typically occurring in high abundances in the Baltic Sea waters are presented. Reflectance spectra for diatoms: Cyclotella meneghiniana and Skeletonema marinoi and Dolichospermum sp., Nodularia spumigena and sp. were analysed in terms of assessment of their characteristic features and the differences between them. These species contain similar pigments, which results in general similarities of reflectance spectra, i.e. decrease of reflectance magnitude in the blue and red spectrum regions. However, hyper-spectral resolution of optical measurements let us find differences between optical signatures of diatoms and cyanobacteria groups and between species belonging to one group as well. These differences are reflected in location of local maxima and minima in the reflectance spectrum and changes in relative height of characteristic peaks with changes of phytoplankton concentration. Wide ranges of phytoplankton concentrations were analysed in order to show the persistence of Rrs characteristic features. The picoplankton species, Synechococcus sp. show the most distinct optical signature, which let to distinguish separate cluster in hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The results can be used to calibrate input data into radiative transfer model, e.g. phase function or to validate modelled Rrs spectra.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Practical applicability and preliminary results of the Baltic environmental satellite remote sensing system (SATBAŁTYK)
Autorzy:
Ostrowska, M.
Darecki, M.
Krężel, A.
Ficek, D.
Furmańczyk, K.
Tematy:
bearing capacity factor
displacement
compression
tension
depth factor
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259162.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The SatBałtyk (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment) project is being realized in Poland by the SatBałtyk Scientific Consortium, specifically appointed for this purpose, which associates four scientific institutions: the Institute of Oceanology PAN in Sopot – coordinator of the project, the University of Gdańsk (Institute of Oceanography), the Pomeranian Academy in Słupsk (Institute of Physics) and the University of Szczecin (Institute of Marine Sciences). The project is aiming to prepare a technical infrastructure and set in motion operational procedures for the satellite monitoring of the Baltic Sea ecosystem. The main sources of input data for this system will be the results of systematic observations by metrological and environmental satellites such as TIROS N/NOAA, MSG (currently Meteosat 10), EOS/AQUA and Sentinel -1, 2, 3 (in the future). The system will deliver on a routine basis the variety of structural and functional properties of this sea, based on data provided by relevant satellites and supported by hydro-biological models. Among them: the solar radiation influx to the sea’s waters in various spectral intervals, energy balances of the short- and long-wave radiation at the Baltic Sea surface and in the upper layers of the atmosphere over the Baltic, sea surface temperature distribution, dynamic states of the water surface, concentrations of chlorophyll a and other phytoplankton pigments in the Baltic waters, spatial distributions of algal blooms, the occurrence of coastal upwelling events, and the characteristics of primary production of organic matter and photosynthetically released oxygen in the water and many others. The structure of the system and preliminary results will be presented.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 16

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