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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Rape myths acceptacne and level of administered punishment in the context of selected individial dispositions.
    Wiara w mity na temat gwałtu a wysokość wymierzanej kary w kontekście wybranych dyspozycji indywidualnych
    Autorzy:
    Fortuna, Dominika
    Opis:
    Celem tej pracy było zbadanie związków pomiędzy mitami na temat gwałtu i usprawiedliwianiem systemu a surowością wymierzanej kary. Uwzględniono również rolę refleksyjności w kontekście powyższych zmiennych. Zanalizowano wyniki 138 badanych w kwestionariuszach Gender-related System Justification Scale, An Updated Measure for Assessing Subtle Rape Myths, The Male Rape Myth Scale (MRMS) oraz w zadaniu dotyczącym wymierzania kary. Wykazano, że wymierzanie niższej kary za przestępstwo zgwałcenia jest związane z większą akceptacją mitów na temat gwałtu oraz, w określonych przypadkach, z większym usprawiedliwianiem systemu. Dodatkowo, wyższa wiara w mity na temat ofiar płci żeńskiej dodatnio koreluje z wyższą wiarą w mity na temat ofiar płci męskiej. Co więcej, mężczyźni oraz osoby heteroseksualne wykazywały zarówno większą akceptację dla określonych mitów na temat gwałtu, jak i były bardziej zaangażowane w usprawiedliwianie systemu. Zbadano również związek pomiędzy refleksyjnością oraz zgodnością płci badanego z płcią ofiary a surowością wymierzanej kary, jednak związki te nie okazały się istotne statystycznie.
    The goal of this study was to find connections between rape myths, system justification and level of administered punishment. The role of mindfulness in terms of foregoing variables was also taken into account. Scores of Gender-related System Justification Scale, An Updated Measure for Assessing Subtle Rape Myths, The Male Rape Myth Scale (MRMS) and a task concerning level of punishment, completed by 138 participants, was analysed. Lower punishment for rape was connected with greater acceptance of rape myths and greater system justification (in some cases). Additionally, greater acceptance of female rape myths was positively correlated with greater acceptance of male rape myths. Moreover, male and heterosexual participants exhibited greater acceptance for rape myths as well as greater system justification. Connections between mindfulness and congruence between sex of the participant and sex of the victim were found to be statistically insignificant.
    Dostawca treści:
    Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Inne
    Tytuł:
    Wiara w mity na temat gwałtu : uwarunkowania i konsekwencja\e
    Belief in rape myths : determinants and consequences
    Autorzy:
    Gulla, Bożena
    Fortuna, Dominika
    Opis:
    The goal of this study was to find connections between internal factors (rape myths, system justification and state of mindfulness) and severity of administered punishment regarding rape. Methodology: scores on the Gender-related System Justification Scale, an updated measure for assessing subtle rape myths, the Male Rape Myth Scale (MRMS) and a task concerning the severity of punishment, completed by 138 participants, were analysed. Tasks intended to elicit the state of mindfulness - or a neutral task - were completed by participants before the task regarding severity of punishment. Findings: the results showed that lower punishment for rape was connected with greater acceptance of rape myths and greater system justification. Implications: the usefulness of these results lies in their contribution to the avoidance of rape stereotyping in social discourse as well as among law enforcement personnel and professionals working in the forensic sciences.
    Dostawca treści:
    Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    When you avoid your feelings, you may feel even worse : how depersonalization puts you at risk of depression
    Autorzy:
    Fortuna, Dominika
    Golonka, Krystyna
    Opis:
    Background: The clinical form of depersonalization affects approximately 1%–2% of the adult population. This study aimed to describe the symptoms of depersonalization in a non-clinical sample and to operationalize depersonalization as a regulatory mechanism. This article introduces the Depersonalization Mechanism Scale, 41-item measure developed to assess one’s tendency for depersonalization in response to overstimulation. The aim of the study is to explore how depersonalization mechanism is associated with cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation strategies, depression, and anxiety. Method: The study included a sample of 300 Polish adults (149 men) from the general population, ranging in age from 18 to 60. Participants were administered the following questionnaires: Depersonalization Mechanism Scale (DMS), Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (BERQ), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), and Trait Anxiety Scale (SL-C). Results: An exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure of Depersonalization Mechanism Scale, with very high reliability coefficients for both subscales and full scale. A regression analysis revealed that depersonalization mechanism is a significant predictor of depressive symptoms. Depersonalization mechanism is strongly correlated with maladaptive regulation strategies such as withdrawal, ignoring, rumination, catastrophizing, self-blame, and blaming others. Weaker but significant connections were identified with certain adaptive strategies: acceptance, positive refocusing, putting into perspective, and seeking social support. Women were more prone to depersonalization than men. Conclusions: Further research on depersonalization in non-clinical samples may improve understanding of this mechanism in the general population. This knowledge, combined with greater education about non-clinical forms of depersonalization, may support preventive programs against depression and professional assistance for people facing acute or chronic stressful life events.
    Dostawca treści:
    Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sensory processing sensitivity in adult dental patients and its relation to perceived stress, cortisol, and serotonin secretion
    Autorzy:
    Kościelniak, Dorota
    Kozicz, Tamas
    Fortuna, Dominika
    Krzyściak, Wirginia
    Cienkosz-Stepańczak, Beata
    Golonka, Krystyna
    Bystrowska, Beata
    Darczuk, Dagmara
    Gulla, Bożena
    Opis:
    Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a biologically determined trait that influences how individuals respond to external and internal stimuli. A high level of SPS is characterized by three factors: increased emotional reactivity, heightened sensitivity to subtle stimuli, and greater susceptibility to overstimulation, all of which may impact well-being and health. This study examined the relationships between SPS, perceived stress, affect, and biochemical responses in adult dental patients (N = 157) on the day of a routine dental visit. Biochemical measures included morning cortisol and serotonin secretion (saliva samples), and cortisol concentration accumulated in recent months (hair sample). Perceived stress and negative and positive affect were assessed while patients waited for a dental procedure. The correlation analysis revealed that higher SPS level was associated with elevated hair cortisol and more negative affect. Cluster analyses tested SPS and its factors independently, revealing that individuals with higher SPS had higher cortisol levels in saliva and hair samples, as well as greater perceived stress and negative affect. Salivary serotonin levels showed varied relationships with different SPS factors, indicating the need to analyze SPS as a multidimensional construct. The results indicate that increased hair and salivary cortisol may be considered as biomarkers of SPS. In the context of patient-centered care, considering SPS levels may contribute to enhanced motivation for regular dental visits and improved treatment adherence.
    Dostawca treści:
    Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A validation study of the Occupational Depression Inventory in Poland and Ukraine
    Autorzy:
    Gulla, Bożena
    De Beer, Leon T.
    Schonfeld, Irvin Sam
    Bianchi, Renzo
    Fortuna, Dominika
    Lytvyn, Serhii
    Malysheva, Karine O.
    Golonka, Krystyna
    Opis:
    This study examined the psychometric and structural properties of the Polish and Ukrainian versions of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI). We relied on two samples of Polish employees (NSample1 = 526, 47% female; NSample2 = 164, 64% female) and one sample of Ukrainian employees (NSample3 = 372, 73% female). In all samples, the ODI exhibited essential unidimensionality and high total-score reliability (e.g., McDonald’s omegas > 0.90). The homogeneity of the scale was strong (e.g., 0.59 ≤ scale-level Hs ≤ 0.68). The ODI’s total scores thus accurately ranked individuals on a latent occupational depression continuum. We found evidence of complete measurement invariance across our samples, a prerequisite for between-group comparisons involving observed scores. Looking into the criterion validity of the ODI, we found occupational depression to correlate, in the expected direction, with resilience and job-person fit in six areas of working life—workload, control, rewards, community, fairness, and values. The prevalence of occupational depression was estimated at 5% in Sample 1, 18% in Sample 2, and 3% in Sample 3. Our findings support the use of the ODI’s Polish and Ukrainian versions. This study adds to a growing corpus of research suggesting that the ODI is a robust instrument.
    Dostawca treści:
    Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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