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Tytuł:
Homogeneous isotropic turbulence in four spatial dimensions
Autorzy:
Berera, Arjun
Clark, Daniel
Ho, Richard
Opis:
Direct numerical simulation is performed for the forced Navier–Stokes equation in four spatial dimensions. Well equilibrated, long time runs at sufficient resolution were obtained to reliably measure spectral quantities, the velocity derivative skewness, and the dimensionless dissipation rate. Comparisons to corresponding two- and three-dimensional results are made. Energy fluctuations are measured, and the results show a clear reduction moving from three to four dimensions. The dynamics show simplifications in four dimensions with a picture of increased forward energy transfer resulting in an extended inertial range with a smaller Kolmogorov scale. This enhanced forward transfer is linked to our finding of increased dissipative anomaly and velocity derivative skewness.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fluctuations of Lyapunov exponents in homogeneous and isotropic turbulence
Autorzy:
Ho, Richard
Berera, Arjun
Armua, Andres
Opis:
In the context of the analysis of the chaotic properties of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence, direct numerical simulations are used to study the fluctuations of the finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) and its relation to the Reynolds number, the lattice size, and the choice of the steptime used to compute the Lyapunov exponents. The results show that using the FTLE method produces Lyapunov exponents that are remarkably stable under the variation of the steptime and lattice size. Furthermore, it reaches such stability faster than other characteristic quantities such as energy and dissipation rate. These results remain even if the steptime is made arbitrarily small. A discrepancy is also resolved between previous measurements of the dependence on the Reynolds number of the Lyapunov exponent. The signal produced by different variables in the steady state is analyzed, and the self-decorrelation time is used to determine the run time needed in the simulations to obtain proper statistics for each variable. Finally, a brief analysis on magnetohydrodynamic flows is also presented as an extension to recent work, which shows that the Lyapunov exponent is still a robust measure in the simulations, although the Lyapunov exponent scaling with the Reynolds number is significantly different from that of magnetically neutral hydrodynamic fluids.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamics of morphogen source formation in a growing tissue
Autorzy:
Kishi, Kasumi
Majka, Maciej
Ho, Richard
Kicheva, Anna
Zagórski, Marcin
Opis:
A tight regulation of morphogen production is key for morphogen gradient formation and thereby for reproducible and organised organ development. Although many genetic interactions involved in the establishment of morphogen production domains are known, the biophysical mechanisms of morphogen source formation are poorly understood. Here we addressed this by focusing on the morphogen Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the vertebrate neural tube. Shh is produced by the adjacently located notochord and by the floor plate of the neural tube. Using a data-constrained computational screen, we identified different possible mechanisms by which floor plate formation can occur, only one of which is consistent with experimental data. In this mechanism, the floor plate is established rapidly in response to Shh from the notochord and the dynamics of regulatory interactions within the neural tube. In this process, uniform activators and Shh-dependent repressors are key for establishing the floor plate size. Subsequently, the floor plate becomes insensitive to Shh and increases in size due to tissue growth, leading to scaling of the floor plate with neural tube size. In turn, this results in scaling of the Shh amplitude with tissue growth. Thus, this mechanism ensures a separation of time scales in floor plate formation, so that the floor plate domain becomes growth-dependent after an initial rapid establishment phase. Our study raises the possibility that the time scale separation between specification and growth might be a common strategy for scaling the morphogen gradient amplitude in growing organs. The model that we developed provides a new opportunity for quantitative studies of morphogen source formation in growing tissues.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
scRNA-seq reveals the diversity of the developing cardiac cell lineage and molecular players in heart rhythm regulation
Autorzy:
Sulej, Agata
Kamińska, Bożena
Migdał, Maciej
Ochocka, Natalia
Ho, Richard
Abu Nahia, Karim
Winata, Cecilia Lanny
Zagórski, Marcin
Opis:
We utilized scRNA-seq to delineate the diversity of cell types in the zebrafish heart. Transcriptome profiling of over 50,000 cells at 48 and 72 hpf defined at least 18 discrete cell lineages of the developing heart. Utilizing well-established gene signatures, we identified a population of cells likely to be the primary pacemaker and characterized the transcriptome profile defining this critical cell type. Two previously uncharacterized genes, atp1b3b and colec10, were found to be enriched in the sinoatrial cardiomyocytes. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of these two genes significantly reduced heart rate, implicating their role in cardiac development and conduction. Additionally, we describe other cardiac cell lineages, including the endothelial and neural cells, providing their expression profiles as a resource. Our results established a detailed atlas of the developing heart, providing valuable insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms, and pinpointed potential new players in heart rhythm regulation.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene and cancer risk for workers at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant
Autorzy:
Bahr, Debra E.
Aldrich, Timothy E.
Seidu, Dazar
Brion, Gail M.
Tollerud, David J.
Muldoon, Susan
Reinhart, Nancy
Youseefagha, Ahmed
McKinney, Paul
Hughes, Therese
Chan, Caroline
Rice, Carol
Brewer, David E.
Freyberg, Ronald W.
Mohlenkamp, Adriane M.
Hahn, Kristen
Hornung, Richard
Ho, Mona
Dastidar, Aniruddha
Freitas, Samantha
Saman, Daniel
Ravdal, Hege
Scutchfield, Douglas
Tematy:
cohort study
gaseous diffusion plant
trichloroethylene
Healthy Worker Effect
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185472.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Objective: The Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP) became operational in 1952; it is located in the western part of Kentucky. We conducted a mortality study for adverse health effects that workers may have suffered while working at the plant, including exposures to chemicals. Materials and Methods: We studied a cohort of 6820 workers at the PGDP for the period 1953 to 2003; there were a total of 1672 deaths to cohort members. Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a specific concern for this workforce; exposure to TCE occurred primarily in departments that clean the process equipment. The Life Table Analysis System (LTAS) program developed by NIOSH was used to calculate the standardized mortality ratios for the worker cohort and standardized rate ratio relative to exposure to TCE (the U.S. population is the referent for ageadjustment). LTAS calculated a significantly low overall SMR for these workers of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72–0.79). A further review of three major cancers of interest to Kentucky produced significantly low SMR for trachea, bronchus, lung cancer (0.75, 95% CI: 0.72–0.79) and high SMR for Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) (1.49, 95% CI: 1.02–2.10). Results: No significant SMR was observed for leukemia and no significant SRRs were observed for any disease. Both the leukemia and lung cancer results were examined and determined to reflect regional mortality patterns. However, the Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma finding suggests a curious amplification when living cases are included with the mortality experience. Conclusions: Further examination is recommended of this recurrent finding from all three U.S. Gaseous Diffusion plants.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 22

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