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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 285
Tytuł:
COMPARISON OF ARTIFICIAL HYDROPHILIC AND LIPOPHILIC MEMBRANES AND HUMAN SKIN TO EVALUATE NIACINAMIDE PENETRATION IN VITRO
Autorzy:
Nowak, Anna
Church, Martin K.
Duchnik, Wiktoria
Różewicka-Czabańska, Monika
Bielecka-Grzela, Stanisława
Prowans, Piotr
Pietriczko, Jan
Czapla, Norbert
Bargiel, Piotr
Klimowicz, Adam
Tematy:
penetration
Franz diffusion cell
Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
artificial membrane
human skin
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895721.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The evaluation of skin penetration of active substances from topical preparations is a pre-clinical requirement in the pharmaceutical industry. While in vitro preparations of human or animal skin are frequently used the development of artificial lipophilic and hydrophilic membranes with similar properties to human or animal skin need to be developed. This preliminary study compared the in vitro permeation of niacinamide (vitamin B3), which is used as a model drug, across artificial hydrophilic and lipophilic membranes with iv vitro penetration across human skin. The experiments were carried out in Franz diffusion cells. Artificial membranes were filter paper impregnated with either collodium (hydrophilic), stearic acid, cetyl alcohol or cetyl alcohol + cholesterol (lipophilic). Acidic and neutral hydrogel and emulsion (pH 5.4 and 7.4) containing 0.5% of niacinamide were applied to membranes for up to 4 hours. Niacinamide permeated hydrophilic better than lipophilic membranes. There were no significant differences between the cumulated amounts of niacinamide that penetrated artificial lipophilic membranes consisting of, stearic acid, cetyl alcohol and cholesterol as compared with human skin in vitro. Also, hydrogel and emulsion solvents gave similar results. In conclusion, these artificial membranes seem to be a promising alternative to human or animal skin.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Autorzy:
Lin, Yenn-Jiang
Chin, Ashley
Dinov, Borislav
Potpara, Tatjana
Tamargo, Juan
Moscoso Costa, Francisco Manuel
Garcia, Rodrigue
Dubner, Sergio
Israel, Carsten
Savelieva, Irina
Ferrucci, Luigi
Fumagalli, Stefano
Anker, Stefan D.
Grodzicki, Tomasz
Lane, Deirdre A
Okumura, Ken
Stiles, Martin K
Estner, Heidi
Bunch, Jared
Rodriguez, Heliodoro Antonio
Lip, Gregory Y.H.
Dagres, Nikolaos
Strandberg, Timo E.
Boriani, Giuseppe
Benetos, Athanase
Lampert, Rachel
Bech-Larsen, Tino
Kenny, Rose Anne
Kamel, Hooman
Fauchier, Laurent
Olshansky, Brian
Marchionni, Niccolò
Kosiuk, Jedrzej
Obel, Israel
Ungar, Andrea
Opis:
There is an increasing proportion of the general population surviving to old age with significant chronic disease, multi-morbidity, and disability. The prevalence of pre-frail state and frailty syndrome increases exponentially with advancing age and is associated with greater morbidity, disability, hospitalization, institutionalization, mortality, and health care resource use. Frailty represents a global problem, making early identification, evaluation, and treatment to prevent the cascade of events leading from functional decline to disability and death, one of the challenges of geriatric and general medicine. Cardiac arrhythmias are common in advancing age, chronic illness, and frailty and include a broad spectrum of rhythm and conduction abnormalities. However, no systematic studies or recommendations on the management of arrhythmias are available specifically for the elderly and frail population, and the uptake of many effective antiarrhythmic therapies in these patients remains the slowest. This European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document focuses on the biology of frailty, common comorbidities, and methods of assessing frailty, in respect to a specific issue of arrhythmias and conduction disease, provide evidence base advice on the management of arrhythmias in patients with frailty syndrome, and identifies knowledge gaps and directions for future research.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The use of the terms trace, mark and structure
Autorzy:
Vallon, L. H.
Rindsberg, A. K.
Martin, A. J.
Tematy:
ichnology
terminology
mark
trace
sedimentary structure
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Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191828.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Mark, trace and structure have been in consistently used in ichnology for many years; we wish to clarify the origins and to prescribe correct usage of these terms. The origins of the words are ancient and complex; in the twentieth century they were given clear definitions as ichnologic terms. Seilacher (1953) defined a mark (German Marke) as a physical (abiogenic) sedimentary structure, as in the common terms sole mark, flute mark, but not bite mark or scratch mark. Trace has been defined many times; we recommend the consensus definition of Bertling et al. (2006) as “a morphologically recurrent structure resulting from the life activity of an individual organism (or homotypic or ganisms) modifying the substrate”; this in cludes dwelling trace, feeding trace, bite trace. Structure, as implied in another consensus paper (Frey, 1973), is a neutral term for geologic patterns resulting from either biogenic or abiogenic processes. Use of the three terms in a clear consistent manner will aid communication both among ichnologists and between ichnologists and their colleagues in other fields.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 285

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