Autor: Olczyk, Magdalena - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: THE INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES AND STRATEGIES FOR ITS ENHANCEMENT: A TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS
Autorzy:: Olczyk, Magdalena
Tematy:: global competitiveness index
cluster analysis
competitive strategy
European Union; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452895.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The aim of this article is to identify clusters of countries with similar levels of competitiveness among the EU-27 countries and to identify for each of the 27 EU countries the path of competitiveness growth. The cluster analysis conducted confirms the hypothesis that the European Union is an area with a high differentiation in terms of levels of competitiveness. The analysis shows that the strategy to increase competitiveness should be significantly different for each EU country. It is suggested that in order to increase its international competitiveness each EU country should follow the pattern of the country which stands above it in terms of competitiveness ranking, but at the same time is most similar.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Success fee as unfair term in the contracts for legal services concluded with an advocate or legal counsel : admissibility of control of remuneration terms
Dopuszczalność kontroli wynagrodzenia success fee jako niedozwolonego postanowienia w umowie o odpłatne świadczenie usług prawnych przez adwokata lub radcę prawnego
Autorzy:: Olczyk, Magdalena
Opis:: Since 1993 the Directive on unfair contract terms has been applied to the contracts concluded with consumers. There is no doubt that some terms of such contracts can be controlled by courts. However lately, the question regarding the admissibility of control of terms included in contracts concluded between advocates/legal counsels with consumers has arisen. The article deals with this principal issue. After detailed analysis of arguments presented by legal scholars and jurisprudence, the author agrees with the CJEU judgment (15 January 2015, case C‑537/13, Birutė Šiba v. Arūnas Devėnas) according to which Directive 93/13/EEC of 5 April 1993 on unfair terms in consumer contracts must be interpreted as applying to standard form contracts for legal services, concluded by a lawyer with a natural person acting for purposes which are outside his trade, business or profession. The foregoing statement prompted the author to research the problem of possibility of legal control of success fee as unfair term. Success fee or pactum de quota litis is a kind of payment reserved frequently by lawyers in contract of services. Because it is a remuneration paid for a lawyer for a result of his activity, it is considered by author of this article as a main subject matter of contract. According to art. 3851 of Polish Civil Code such clauses cannot be assessed as unfair contract terms. However, when it comes to success fee, Polish courts have different opinion. The Warsaw Appeal Court in its judgment of 15 January 2015 assessed some clauses of legal services contract: one according to which the fee should be paid after the legal task would be achieved and the other one which enabled lawyer to charge this fee even the client withdrew the contract. First of all the Appeal Court stated the contract of legal services is typical example of due dilligence contract (e.g. commission contract) and rejected the standpoint according to it is the type of contract of result (e.g. contract for performance of a specific task). The consequence of this opinion is that the fee provided by contract with lawyer cannot be assessed as a success fee, because success fee can be reserved only in case of contracts of result. In the opinion of Appeal Court such qualification could also be contrary to the essence of contracts concluded with lawyers. The author of article disagrees with this assessment. One of argument presented by author is that success fee is simply a kind of remuneration, so regardless of what kind of contract it is stipulated in it should be deemed as main subject matter of parties' activity. The author highlights that according to the Polish Civil Code neither the main subject matter of the contract nor the adequacy of the price and remuneration can be assessed by court as unfair in so far as these terms are in plain intelligible language. Success fee should be assessed only in the light of transparency rule. The latter one, according to CJEU (judgment 30 April 2013, in case C- 26/13 Árpád Kásler, Hajnalka Káslerné Rábai v. OTP Jelzálogbank Zrt) is to be understood as requiring not only that the relevant term should be grammatically intelligible to the consumer, but also that the contract should be set out transparently so that that consumer is in a position to evaluate, on the basis of clear, intelligible criteria, the economic consequences for him which derive from it.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Structural Heterogeneity Between EU 15 and 12 New EU Members – the Obstacle to Lisbon Strategy Implementation?
Autorzy:: Olczyk, Magdalena
Tematy:: Lisbon targets
European Union
multivariate analysis
structural indicators; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517289.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The aim of this article is to identify diversity between the EU-15 and the New Members in their implementation of the Lisbon Strategy in the period 2000-2010. By analyzing a set of structural indicators, we aim to fill a gap in the literature: the lack of publications providing complex evaluation of the implementation of the Lisbon Strategy using measurable indicators. Given their suitability for international comparisons, we use two taxonomic methods: Ward’s cluster analy-sis and the synthetic variable method proposed by Hellwig. The results of our analyses confirm the hypothesis of a large gap between the EU-15 countries and the 12 New Members in the key areas of the Lisbon Strategy. According to rankings given by our taxonomic analyses, a high level of the indicators selected is confirmed only for the EU-15 countries and only three New Members belong to a group presenting the average level of these indicators. This study demonstrates a need for a significant intensification of the EU cohesion policy, which is one of the main tools for achieving the Lisbon Strategy goals.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Analiza bibliometryczna badań nad konkurencyjnością międzynarodową
International competitiveness in bibliometric researches
Autorzy:: Olczyk, Magdalena
Tematy:: Analiza bibliometryczna
HistCite
Międzynarodowa konkurencyjność
Bibliometrics
International competitiveness; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/593280.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Celem artykułu jest prezentacja wyników metaanalizy prac naukowych z zakresu międzynarodowej konkurencyjności, opublikowanych w ciągu ostatnich siedemdziesięciu lat w bazach ISI Web of Science oraz EconLit. W analizie wykorzystane zostały podstawowe metody bibliometryczne przy wsparciu oprogramowania HistCite. Przeprowadzona analiza umożliwiła ocenę w czasie rozwoju badań nad międzynarodową konkurencyjnością oraz identyfikację głównych autorów i publikacji mających kluczowe znaczenie dla tego obszaru badań. Zidentyfikowana różnorodność podejść do definiowania i podnoszenia międzynarodowej konkurencyjności gospodarki/sektora/przedsiębiorstwa potwierdza tezę o braku spójnych ram teoretycznych umożliwiających jednoznaczną odpowiedź, czym naprawdę jest międzynarodowa konkurencyjność.
This paper has as main objectives to consolidate the state of the art of academic research of international competitiveness, based on bibliometric study of literature published over the past 40 years. Citation data was collected from ISI WEB of Science Website from Thompson's Scientific Data and analyzed using the HistCite and CitNetExpolrer software. A new method of analyzing literature related to international competitiveness may help improve one's understanding of complex research topic and may help to suggest new research directions or alternative research priorities. The results are discussed under following perspectives: general results, chronological distributions, authors, articles and cited references relevance. The analysis shows the lack of a coherent theoretical framework, which makes it impossible to clearly answer to the question what international competitiveness is.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Zagadnienia kodyfikacyjne prawa konsumenckiego w prawie hiszpańskim
Autorzy:: Olczyk, Magdalena
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Sytuacja stron najmu lokalu socjalnego w razie zbycia lokalu osobie trzeciej, niebędącej gminą czy inną jednostką samorządu terytorialnego
The legal position of parties of lease contract of a social apartment in case of sale of the leased property to a third party that is not a local government entity
Autorzy:: Olczyk, Magdalena
Opis:: The main purpose of the article is to analyze the rights and obligations of the parties of lease contract of a social apartment after the lessor sold the property to a third person. The Polish Civil Code (CC ) provides in Art. 678 § 1 that in case of alienation of the leased property, the new owner enters into all rights and obligations resulting from the lease contract. This is the general rule. However, according to the Polish Act on Protection of the Rights of the Residents (p.r.r.), social apartments form a particular group of dwellings intended for lease to the poor. Some specific rules are applicable to the lease of social apartments, e.g. the rent for such apartment is set very low. The local governments are obliged to ensure sufficient number of such apartments for people in need. This is a public obligation arising from the Polish Constitution. Therefore, if a local government intends to sell such apartments, the question is whether the acquirer who is not an entity of anther local government (e.g. is a natural person who is not under obligation to provide such apartments) enters into the rights and obligations of the former lessor. On one hand, a negative answer could result in the lack of protection for the lessee. This complicated situation compels to reasonable consideration. According to author, the acquirer who is not a entity of local government will become a party of the lease contract, but with one modification: he cannot bear the obligations arising from the public law. Consistently, there are two lease contracts. The first one, between the acquirer and alienator which is governed by general rules (i.e. CC ), and the second between the community (alienator) and the tenant. The second one is transformed into a sublease, which is possible according to Art. 20(2a) p.r.r. This solution allows for the contracts of lease of the social apartments to be continued and to protect the rights of tenants, and at the same time the acquirer is not burdened by public obligations, which remain by the proper entity.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Determinants of trade balance in Polish and Czech manufacturing sectors
Autorzy:: Olczyk, Magdalena
Kordalska, Aleksandra
Tematy:: CEE economies
trade balance
international competitiveness
manufacturing
error correction model; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22446541.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Research background: A strong industrial base is essential for achieving long-term sustainable economic growth and export competitiveness. In that sense, manufacturing remains a significant contributor to exports in the CEE countries. How-ever, its role and its influence vary between CEE economies and change over time. Purpose of the article: The main objective of this paper is to compare the determinants of the international competitiveness, measured by the net exports of the manufacturing sectors in the Czech and Polish economies, by using the database of 13 manufacturing sub-sectors in 1995-2011. The authors research the question of how much foreign and domestic demand, the level of labour costs, the level of sector innovation intensity, the level of sector openness to foreign markets as well as sectoral labour productivity influence the changes in trade balance. Methods: Our approach is based on employing an error correction model and SUR model to disaggregated sectoral manufacturing data. Findings & Value added: The results of the analysis conducted show substantial differences in the roles particular variables play in explaining the net exports in individual sectors. For the majority of Polish and Czech manufacturing sub-sectors, generation of positive trade balance is determined by relative demand growth. An increasing labour productivity influences heavily a positive trade balance of Polish goods in majority of sub-sectors, however, a key factor in Czech sub-sectors is decreasing unit labour costs. The results of the analysis indicate mostly a greater impact of the researched factors on net exports in long rather than short term and the better capacity of the Czech economy to correct deviations from the equilibrium.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: New patterns in the position of CEE countries in global value chains: functional specialisation approach
Autorzy:: Kordalska, Aleksandra
Olczyk, Magdalena
Tematy:: functional specialisation
gross export decomposition
occupations
economic upgrading
CEE countries; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233618.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Research background: High servitisation of manufacturing makes it impossible to separate services from manufactured goods properly, which implies difficulties in the assessment of the position of the country on the smile curve, i.e. in the proper assignment of products or services to one of the industrial process steps: pre-production, pure fabrication or post-production services. Therefore, we propose to use the business functions of industries identified with the aid of labour market data rather than the industrial classification of products in order to create a more appropriate measure of the position of countries in GVCs. Purpose of the article: We aim to identify and analyse the patterns of functional specialisation for eight Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) - the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia - both at the country and industry level. In addition, we analyse functional specialisation patterns for Germany, which serves as a reference country. Methods: To assess functional specialisation patterns, we employ the methodology proposed by Timmer et al. (2019a). It allows us to obtain functional specialisation indices for four different business functions - management, R&D, marketing, and fabrication. To compute them, we combine two sources of data - domestic value added from decomposed sectoral input-output tables (the World Input Output Database) and the Occupations Database built up by Timmer et al. (2019a). Findings & value added: Our research shows a very heterogeneous pattern in CEEC countries' position in GVCs by taking into account their functional specialisation at the countries and industries levels. Poland and Slovakia focus primarily on low value-added fabrication processes, the Baltic countries and Slovenia specialise in management services, Hungary and Latvia gain in marketing services, and the Czech Republic and Slovenia win in R&D activities. We indicate that some CEE countries (Poland, Slovakia) could be stuck in a functional trap, and our approach could be a valuable tool for assessing the process of coming out of it.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Impact Of The Manufacturing Sector On The Export Competitiveness Of European Countries – A Spatial Panel Analysis
Autorzy:: Kordalska, Aleksandra
Olczyk, Magdalena
Tematy:: international trade
export competitiveness
manufacturing
spatial data model
European Union; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633097.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The purpose of this paper is to determine how changes in the export competitiveness of the EU economy (measured by exports and net exports) depend on changes in the competitiveness of processing industries, on the basis of manufacturing data from 19 EU countries over years 1995-2009 and using a spatial panel data model. The determinants of export competitiveness are selected in the light of predictions from international trade theory, growth theory and the theory of innovation. In particular, the paper explores how the size of foreign demand, the value of domestic demand, the level of ULC in the sector, the degree of openness of the sector to foreign markets, labour productivity and intermediate consumption in a sector affect the export competitiveness of the European economies selected. The results from spatial data models lead to a conclusion about the statistical significance of spatial dependencies in export competitiveness modelling. The analysis indicates the different determinants of export competitiveness, both if it is measured by export value and if it measured by net exports. The authors hope that the results will be a voice in the discussion on enhancing the competitiveness of European industrial sectors
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A ONE-WAY OR TWO-WAY RELATIONSHIP?
Autorzy:: Kordalska, Aleksandra
Olczyk, Magdalena
Tematy:: Global Competitiveness Index
economic growth
panel Granger causality test; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517393.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The Global Competitiveness Index is treated as a standard to measure the competitiveness of countries. Leaders look at it to make policy and resource allocation decisions, because global competitiveness is expected to be related to economic growth. However, studies which analyze the empirical relationship between these two economic categories are very rare. It is still an open question in the literature whether economic growth can be used to predict future global competitiveness or the other way round. This paper empirically tests the relationship between the GCI and the economic growth rate by using a panel Granger causality analysis based on annual data for 114 countries divided into five groups by income criteria and covering the period 2006-2014. We confirm a strong unidirectional causality among the countries analyzed, i.e. GDP growth causes global competitiveness. Additionally, we find that the GCI is successful in predicting economic growth for the majority low income and OCED high income counties, but among the middle income countries this relationship exists only for large economies such as China and India.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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