Autor: Quiroz, Flor - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Breaking prolonged sitting with high-intensity interval training to improve cognitive and brain health in middle-aged and older adults : a protocol for the pilot feasibility HIIT2SITLess trial
Autorzy:: Kos, Maciej
Hillman, Charles
Pindus, Dominika M
Kuang, Jin
Ligęza, Tomasz
Khan, Naiman
Sarol, Jesus
Paluska, Scott
Kramer, Art
So, Joseph
Wyczesany, Mirosław
Syed, Talha
Shanmugam, Ramiya
Quiroz, Flor B
Opis:: Introduction Excessive sedentary time (ST) is linked to dementia risk, poorer attentional control and episodic memory. These cognitive decrements have been associated with decreased functional connectivity (FC) in the frontoparietal network (FPN) and default mode networks (DMN) with ageing. Physical activity (PA) interventions can enhance FC in these networks, but these interventions are not designed to decrease ST among older adults. Prolonged sitting (ie, sitting continuously for ≥20 min) can acutely reduce frontoparietal brain function and attentional control, while a single PA bout lasting at least 20 min can enhance them. It has been theorised that stimulation of the cerebral norepinephrine release through peripheral increase in catecholamines may explain this effect. In contrast, the effects of shorter (<10 min) PA bouts used to interrupt prolonged sitting on neurocognitive functions remain poorly understood. This pilot randomised crossover feasibility trial capitalises on PA intensity as the major limiting factor in peripheral catecholamine increase and tests the effects of interrupting prolonged sitting every 30 min with 6 min high-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared with low-intensity interval training (LIIT) bouts. The study will address three aims: (1) to assess feasibility, acceptability, fidelity and safety of HIIT breaks to improve neurocognitive function in middle-aged and older adults; (2) to quantify the differences between conditions in the change in the amplitude and latency of the P3b component of event-related potentials (a marker for frontoparietal function) and (3) to explore the differences between conditions in attentional control, episodic memory and FC of the FPN and DMN in middle-aged and older adults. Methods and analysis 54 healthy adults, aged 40–75 years, will be recruited from the local community and randomly assigned to a condition sequence (HIIT, LIIT vs LIIT and HIIT). Each HIIT bout comprises a 1 min warm-up, 2 min at 90% of the maximum heart rate (HRmax), 1 min passive rest and 2 min at 90% HRmax. During 2 min intervals in LIIT, participants exercise at 57%–60% of HRmax. The primary outcomes include the feasibility (recruitment and retention rates, percentage of valid electroencephalogram data), acceptability of time commitment, HIIT bouts and neurocognitive assessments, fidelity (the intensity of HIIT breaks, percentage of time spent sitting) and the amplitude and the latency of the P3b component of event-related brain potentials measured during the modified Eriksen flanker task at pretests, after the first and the third PA bout and at post-test. General linear mixed-effects models will be used to test the effects of the intervention on the P3b component.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Tytuł:: Interrupting sitting with moderate-intensity physical activity breaks improves cognitive processing speed in adults with overweight and obesity : findings from the SITLess pilot randomized crossover trial
Autorzy:: Kuang, Jin
Bashir, Neha
Burd, Nicholas A.
Ligęza, Tomasz
Zou, Liye
Khan, Naiman A.
Lloyd, Kathryn M.
Hillman, Charles H.
Cannavale, Corrinne
Quiroz, Flor B.
Martin, Hannah
Kos, Maciej
McKenna, C.
Herrera, Bryan Montero
Kramer, Arthur F.
von Ash, Tayla
Brown, Candace S.
Pindus, Dominika M.
Askow, A.
Yu, Qian
Opis:: Introduction: Prolonged sitting can acutely reduce working memory (WM) in individuals with overweight and obesity (OW/OB) who show executive function deficits. Interrupting prolonged sitting with brief PA bouts may counter these effects. However, the benefits of such interventions on behavioral and neuroelectric indices of WM and whether neurocognitive responses are associated with postprandial glycemic responses in young and middle- aged adults with OW/OB remain unknown. To address this gap, this study examined the acute effects of interrupting three-hour prolonged sitting every 30 min with 3.5-min moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) bouts (MPA +SIT condition) relative to sedentary social interaction condition (SOC +SIT) on behavioral measures of WM and the P3b component of event-related potentials (ERP) in young and middle-aged adults with OW/OB. Method: Nineteen adults with OW/OB (63 % females; 29.9 ±7.5 years; BMI =30.0 ±3.64 kg*m2) were included in the SITLess pilot randomized crossover trial. Choice RT and WM were measured before, after, and four times during each condition with 1- and 2-back letter tasks. They were expressed as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC). Choice RT was expressed as d-prime, target, and nontarget accuracy, and RT on the 1- back and nontarget RT on the 2-back task. WM was expressed as d-prime, target accuracy, and RT on the 2-back task. The amplitude of the P3b-ERP component was used to measure attentional resource allocation during both tasks; the P3b-ERP fractional area latency measured cognitive processing before and after each condition. Two-hour postprandial glycemic responses (expressed as iAUC) were measured using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Time (pre, post) x Condition (MPA + SIT vs. SOC + SIT) interactions and the main effect of Condition (iAUCs) were tested using Linear Mixed Models. Results: No significant intervention effects on glucose were noted (p = 0.74). Compared to SOC + SIT, MPA + SIT resulted in shorter 1-back target P3b latency (F(1, 17.0) = 5.14, p = 0.037; M diff = 9.77, SE = 4.31 ms, 95%CI: 18.9, 0.68) at post-test. No effects on behavioral measures were noted (ps ≥ 0.06). However, the between- condition difference in 1-back P3b latency correlated positively with the between-condition difference in RTs on 1-back;shorter P3b latency was related to shorter RTs in the MPA + SIT relative to SOC + SIT (r = 0.65 and 0.55 for target and nontarget trials, ps ≤ 0.02). Conclusion: Interrupting sitting with short MPA bouts can enhance some aspects of cognitive processing in adults with OW/OB. Future studies are needed to better understand behavioral responses to interrupting prolonged sitting with MPA bouts and the underlying mechanisms.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Tytuł:: Interrupting sitting with moderate-intensity physical activity breaks improves inhibitory control in adults with overweight and obesity : findings from the SITLess pilot randomized crossover trial
Autorzy:: Quiroz, Flor B.
Kuang, Jin
Cannavale, Corinne N.
Burd, Nicholas A.
Pindus, Dominika M.
Herrera, Bryan Montero
Zou, Liye
Liang, Sharon
Hillman, Charles H.
Pickerill, Lauryn
Shanmugam, Ramiya
Bashir, Neha
Kramer, Arthur F.
Tewell, Paige
Syed, Talha
Stanfield, Cole
Khan, Naiman A.
Yu, Qian
Martin, Hannah
Lloyd, Katherine M.
Ligęza, Tomasz
Sharma, Arushi
Opis:: Introduction: Adults with overweight and obesity (OW/OB) show deficits in inhibitory control, which may be amplified by prolonged sitting. This study tested the acute effects of interrupting 3-h prolonged sitting every 30 min with 3.5-min moderate-intensity physical activity bouts (MPA +SIT) on inhibitory control relative to a sedentary social interaction condition (SOC +SIT) in young and middle-aged adults with OW/OB. Method: Data from 19 adults (63% females; 29.9 ±7.5 years; BMI =30.0 ±3.64 kg*m2) were analysed from the SITLess pilot randomized crossover trial. Inhibitory control was expressed as response accuracy and reaction time (RT) on incongruent trials of a flanker task. Choice RT was expressed as accuracy and RT on congruent trials. Attentional resource allocation and the speed of stimulus evaluation were measured using the amplitude and latency of the P3b component of event-related brain potentials, respectively. Intervention effects were tested using Generalized Linear Mixed Models with Time (pre, post) by Condition (MPA +SIT vs. SOC +SIT) interactions and simple effects within each time point. Results: Participants were faster on incongruent trials after MPA +SIT than SOC +SIT (F(18.0, 54) =5.59, p = 0.02; △M =16.7 ms, 95% CI: 1.64, 31.7). A similar trend (F(18.0, 54) =4.03, p =0.05) emerged for congruent trials (△M =17.3 ms, 95% CI: 5.66, 29.0). P3b amplitude and latency did not differ between conditions or time. Conclusion: Interrupting sitting with short MPA bouts is a viable strategy to prevent a decline in cognitive performance following a continuous bout of sitting in adults with OW/OB. A definitive trial should test its efficacy in enhancing cognitive and brain health in obesity.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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