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Wyszukujesz frazę "Rawski, Rafał" wg kryterium: Autor


Tytuł:
Email Phishing Detection with BLSTM and Word Embeddings
Autorzy:
Wolert, Rafał
Rawski, Mariusz
Tematy:
phishing
BLSTM
word embeddings
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311939.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Phishing has been one of the most successful attacks in recent years. Criminals are motivated by increasing financial gain and constantly improving their email phishing methods. A key goal, therefore, is to develop effective detection methods to cope with huge volumes of email data. In this paper, a solution using BLSTM neural network and FastText word embeddings has been proposed. The solution uses preprocessing techniques like stop-word removal, tokenization, and padding. Two datasets were used in three experiments: balanced and imbalanced, whereas in the imbalanced dataset, the effect of maximum token size was investigated. Evaluation of the model indicated the best metrics: 99.12% accuracy, 98.43% precision, 99.49% recall, and 98.96% f1-score on the imbalanced dataset. It was compared to an existing solution that uses the DL model and word embeddings. Finally, the model and solution architecture were implemented as a browser plug-in.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High-resolution cryo-EM structures of plant cytochrome $b_{6}f$ at work
Autorzy:
Pintscher, Sebastian
Mielecki, Bohun
Koziej, Łukasz
Rawski, Michał
Jaciuk, Marcin
Pietras, Rafał
Osyczka, Artur
Szwalec, Mateusz
Indyka, Paulina
Glatt, Sebastian
Sarewicz, Marcin
Opis:
Plants use solar energy to power cellular metabolism. The oxidation of plastoquinol and reduction of plastocyanin by cytochrome $b_{6}f$ (Cyt $b_{6}f$) is known as one of the key steps of photosynthesis, but the catalytic mechanism in the plastoquinone oxidation site ($Q_{p}$) remains elusive. Here, we describe two high-resolution cryo-EM structures of the spinach Cyt $b_{6}f$ homodimer with endogenous plastoquinones and in complex with plastocyanin. Three plastoquinones are visible and line up one after another head to tail near $Q_{p}$ in both monomers, indicating the existence of a channel in each monomer. Therefore, quinones appear to flow through Cyt $b_{6}f$ in one direction, transiently exposing the redox-active ring of quinone during catalysis. Our work proposes an unprecedented one-way traffic model that explains efficient quinol oxidation during photosynthesis and respiration. Structures of cytochrome $b_{6}f$ with and without plastocyanin imply a one-way traffic of quinones for efficient photosynthesis.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Molecular basis of plastoquinone reduction in plant cytochrome $b_{6}$f
Autorzy:
Pintscher, Sebastian
Mielecki, Bohun
Koziej, Łukasz
Rawski, Michał
Jaciuk, Marcin
Ważny, Grzegorz
Pietras, Rafał
Osyczka, Artur
Szwalec, Mateusz
Wójcik-Augustyn, Anna
Indyka, Paulina
Glatt, Sebastian
Opis:
A multi-subunit enzyme, cytochrome $b_{6}$f ($cyt b_{6}$f), provides the crucial link between photosystems I and II in the photosynthetic membranes of higher plants, transferring electrons between plastoquinone (PQ) and plastocyanin. The atomic structure of $cyt b_{6}$f is known, but its detailed catalytic mechanism remains elusive. Here we present cryogenic electron microscopy structures of spinach $cyt b_{6}$f at 1.9 Å and 2.2 Å resolution, revealing an unexpected orientation of the substrate PQ in the haem ligand niche that forms the PQ reduction site ($Q_{n}$). PQ, unlike $Q_{n}$ inhibitors, is not in direct contact with the haem. Instead, a water molecule is coordinated by one of the carbonyl groups of PQ and can act as the immediate proton donor for PQ. In addition, we identify water channels that connect $Q_{n}$ with the aqueous exterior of the enzyme, suggesting that the binding of PQ in $Q_{n}$ displaces water through these channels. The structures confirm large movements of the head domain of the iron–sulfur protein (ISP-HD) towards and away from the plastoquinol oxidation site (Qp) and define the unique position of ISP-HD when a $Q_{p}$ inhibitor (2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropylbenzoquinone) is bound. This work identifies key conformational states of $cyt b_{6}$f, highlights fundamental differences between substrates and inhibitors and proposes a quinone–water exchange mechanism.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł

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