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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 17
Tytuł:
Effects of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on the Flavor of Nanguo Pear
Autorzy:
Bai, Ge
Wang, Ya
Zheng, Jianrong
Zhang, Xiaomin
Zhuang, Zhaoyue
Zhu, Danshi
Cao, Xuehui
Tematy:
Pyrus ussuriensis
organic acids
soluble solid content
volatile compounds
e-nose analysis
e-tongue analysis
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28408448.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Frozen pears, obtained by repeated freezing and thawing under cold outdoor conditions in winter, are very popular in northeast China. The effects of three freeze-thaw cycles (FT1–FT3) on Nanguo pear flavor were studied under fast (−80°C) and slow (−20°C) freezing conditions. Significant differences were found in the flavor of Nanguo pear after subsequent freeze-thaw cycles. The total soluble solid (TSS) content of fresh pear was 14.17 g/100 g and increased significantly after the first freeze-thaw cycle to 17.57–18.17 g/100 g. Lower TSS content was found in pears after the repeated freeze-thawing process. Citric acid was determined as the main organic acid of Nanguo pear. Its content and the overall content of organic acids decreased successively after each freezing and thawing cycle. The electronic tongue analysis results showed that the sourness of fresh pears generally decreased after their repeated freezing and thawing, that the odor of Nanguo pear changed significantly after freeze-thaw cycles, and that nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons were the most differentiating odor compounds. The content of ethyl caproate was the highest in the volatile compound profile of the Nanguo pear and ranged from 377.26 to 526.77 μg/kg. In short, after repeated freezing and thawing, the changes in the chemical composition impart the frozen pear a unique flavor.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Preheating Temperature on Microstructure and Optical Properties of ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Spin Coating Technique
Autorzy:
Ji, Qiang-min
Wang, Ya-li
Gao, Xiao-yong
Gao, Hui
Zhai, Yao-fei
Tematy:
78.55.Et
78.55.-m
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398971.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Highly-oriented ZnO thin films prepared by using low-cost technique such as sol-gel technique are of much importance to ZnO-based white light-emitting diodes. The chose of proper preheating temperature in sol-gel technique is still critical for highly-oriented ZnO thin film so far. The mechanisms for the preheating in the formation of ZnO thin film and for the reactions involved in the sol solution have not been clearly stated yet. Thus, in this work, the highly-oriented ZnO thin films were prepared on glass substrates by using sol-gel spin-coating technique. The sol solution was prepared by using the two-step method rather than usual one-step method, which facilitates the understanding of the mechanism for the reactions involved in the sol solution. The effect of the preheating temperature on the microstructure and the optical properties of the films were in particular investigated. The mechanisms for the preheating in the formation of the films and for the reactions involved in the sol solution prepared by the two-step method were also proposed in terms of the experimental results. The preheating not only enhances the volatilization of the solvent 2-methoxyethanol and the decomposition of the residual organic species, but also results into the formation of small number of ZnO particles. The preheating temperature of 300°C is most favorable for the highly-oriented ZnO thin film. Increasing the preheating temperature results into the blue shift of the absorption edges of the films. This can be explained by using the quantum-size effect. The photoluminescence spectra of the films show an UV emission at the near-band edge and a broad green-yellow emission at 470-620 nm. The former is closely related to the excitons, while the latter is to the intrinsic defect species in the film.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of nitrogen on growth parameters and photosynthetic characteristics of P. chinense Schneid. Seedlings in three soil types
Autorzy:
Wang, Meng-ying
Wang, Ya-juan
Ren, Hong-yu
Yang, Yao
Gu, Tao
He, Jing-wen
Gao, Shun
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53893751.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Soil type and nitrogen (N) are two important factors affecting plant growth and development, and photosynthetic physiological characteristics. However, there are still relatively few studies on the effects of N on P. chinense Schneid. seedlings under different types of soils. In this study, three soil types (red soil, alkaline purple soil, and acidic purple soil) and three N levels (50, 150 and 300 mg/plant) were used to investigate how N levels affected seedling growth, biomass accumulation distribution and photosynthetic characteristics under three soil types. The results showed that N may promote the growth of these seedlings and increase their height and basal stem under three soil types. The stem and leaf biomass, aerial biomass, total biomass, and rootshoot ratio showed significant differences. N increased chlorophyll content in leaves on alkaline purple soil and acidic purple soil, but inhibited chlorophyll synthesis on red soil. Under the same N application, the order for total biomass accumulation in seedlings was alkaline purple soil, red soil, and acid purple soil; for the net photosynthetic rate, it was red soil, acid purple soil, and alkaline purple soil. These results indicate that leaves might elevate the photosynthetic rate by increasing stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate, thereby promoting the growth of seedlings. In addition, soil type and nitrogen had a significant interaction effect on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of P. chinense Schneid. seedlings. These findings will help screening for suitable soil types and nitrogen application levels for efficient cultivation of P. chinense Schneid. seedlings.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantum many-body scars in spin-1 Kitaev chain with uniaxial single-ion anisotropy
Autorzy:
You, Wen-Long
Liu, Dongchang
Oleś, Andrzej
Zhang, Wen-Yi
Li, Jia
Wang, Ya-Nan
Wu, Ning
Ren, Jie
Opis:
To establish a solid-state-based framework for the coexistence of quantum many-body scars and quantum criticality, we investigate the spin-1 Kitaev chain with uniaxial single-ion anisotropy (SIA). In the subspace with uniform $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ gauge fields, this model can be exactly mapped to the spin-1/2 effective detuned PXP Hamiltonian, where the SIA plays a role of the static detuning term. The quench dynamics starting from the product states is symmetric between positive and negative values of the SIA, while a quantum phase transition from the Kitaev spin liquid to the dimer phase only occurs at the critical point with a negative D$_{c}$, implying the spontaneous breaking of the translational symmetry. We find that the coherent oscillations of quantum fidelity and certain local observables are sustained against small SIA perturbations in a quantum quench from special initial states. While the oscillation amplitudes of these observables decay with time as the SIA strength is increased, the system completely thermalizes upon approaching the critical point. In contrast, the initial polarized state, which shows an absence of revivals of quantum fidelity, will exhibit long revivals for D < D$_{c}$. Finally, we investigate the evolution of phase boundaries of the Kitaev spin liquid and dimer phase by introducing Heisenberg interactions, which spoil the $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ gauge fields. A complete phase diagram is given by the infinite time-evolving block decimation method and the ground-state properties of each phase are accurately captured by various spin correlations. Our paper opens the door to understanding exotic connections between many-body scars and quantum criticality in systems with higher spins.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmental Aspects of the European Experience in Landscape Planning
Środowiskowe aspekty europejskiego doświadczenia w architekturze krajobrazu
Autorzy:
Yu, Bao
Wang, Jianmei
Li, Ya
Tematy:
landscape
natural areas
landscape planning
ecology
environmental protection
krajobraz
obszary naturalne
architektura krajobrazu
ekologia
ochrona środowiska
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Komitet Człowiek i Środowisko PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2080933.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Understanding all the possibilities of environmentally oriented landscape planning will contribute to the effective environmental planning of the territory and nature management in general. Accordingly, the purpose of the study was to investigate the experience of the European countries towards the introduction of an effective system of environmentally oriented landscape planning and improvement of territories, as well as their protection. For this purpose, it is necessary to comprehensively study the strengths and weaknesses of existing developments in the field of environmentally oriented landscape planning in Europe. An analysis of the best practices of environmentally oriented landscape planning in such countries as Great Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, etc. has been conducted. The findings allowed to state that the effectiveness of development and implementation of substantial planning for landscape design depends not only on the volume and depth of research, but to a very large extent from their reasonable and productive organisation. The paper summarises that in environmentally oriented landscape planning, it is first necessary to determine the reasons for planning. Before choosing the object and territory of planning, it is necessary to find out: who are the potential customers and investors – their goals and motivation; what are the problem situations and conflicts in nature management in the area; what is the practical use of the results of landscape planning; the purpose of the territory, including cartographic; the availability of source information, and more. And then make decisions regarding the stages of landscape planning, taking into account the environmental component and, accordingly, the implementation of the idea of landscape planning.
Zrozumienie wszystkich aspektów architektury krajobrazu zorientowanej na środowisko przyczyni się do efektywnego planowania środowiskowego terytorium i ogólnie do zarządzania przyrodą. W związku z tym celem badania było zbadanie doświadczeń krajów europejskich w zakresie wprowadzenia efektywnego systemu architektury krajobrazu zorientowanej na środowisko i poprawy obszarów, a także ich ochrony. W tym celu konieczne jest kompleksowe zbadanie mocnych i słabych stron istniejących rozwiązań w dziedzinie architektury krajobrazu zorientowanej na środowisko. Przeprowadzono analizę najlepszych praktyk architektury krajobrazu w takich krajach jak Wielka Brytania, Francja, Niemcy i Holandia. Wyniki pozwoliły stwierdzić, że skuteczność opracowania i wdrożenia planowania merytorycznego do projektowania krajobrazu zależy nie tylko od zakresu i głębokości badań, ale w bardzo dużym stopniu od ich racjonalnej organizacji. Stwierdzono, że w planowaniu krajobrazu zorientowanego na środowisko najpierw należy określić przyczyny planowania. Przed wyborem przedmiotu i terenu planowania należy dowiedzieć się: kim są potencjalni klienci i inwestorzy – ich cele i motywacja; jakie są sytuacje problemowe i konflikty w zarządzaniu przyrodą na danym terenie; jakie jest praktyczne wykorzystanie wyników planowania krajobrazu; cel terytorium, w tym opis kartograficzny; dostępność informacji źródłowych itp. Następnie należy podjąć decyzje dotyczące etapów planowania krajobrazowego z uwzględnieniem komponentu środowiskowego w celu odpowiedniej realizacji idei architektury krajobrazu.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Train based on virtual synchronous generator technology uninterrupted phase-separation passing study
Autorzy:
Wang, Ying
Yang, Huan
Chen, Xiaoqiang
Guo, Ya
Tematy:
energy storage railway power conditioner
single-phase inverter
uninterrupted
phase-separation passing
virtual synchronous generator
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27309940.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The problem of large speed loss exists in the traditional passing through the electric phase-separation method of trains, which is more prominent when trains pass through an electric phase-separation zone in the uphill section of long ramps and may lead to the trains not passing through the phase-separation zone safely. In order to solve this problem, based on the energy storage type railroad power conditioner, a train uninterrupted phase-separation passing system based on the energy storage type railroad power conditioner is proposed. The energy storage railroad power conditioner can realize the recovery and utilization of regenerative braking energy of the electrified railroad. In the structure of the energy storage railroad power conditioner, the single-phase inverter is led from the middle DC side of the energy storage railroad power conditioner and connected to the neutral line through the LCL filter and the step-up transformer, which constitutes an uninterrupted phase separation passing system. The single-phase inverter is controlled using virtual synchronous generator technology, which allows the single-phase inverter to have external characteristics similar to those of a synchronous generator, providing support for the voltage and frequency in the neutral zone. The power required by the train to pass the electric phase-separation is provided by the power supply arm or the energy storage system, which not only improves the utilization rate of regenerative braking energy but also realizes the uninterrupted phase separation passing of the train through the control of the voltage in the neutral region.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Cyclic Heat Treatment on Microstructure Evolution of TA15 Titanium Alloy
Autorzy:
Zhang, Dan-Ya
Nong, Zhi-Sheng
Wang, Tian-Xing
Tematy:
TA15 titanium alloy
cyclic heat treatment
microstructure evolution
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59110579.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
To investigate the effect of cyclic heat treatment on the microstructure evolution of titanium alloys, TA15 alloys were subjected to different numbers of heat treatment cycles at various temperatures in the (α + β) two-phase region. The resulting microstructure and hardness of the alloy were characterized by using the metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Vickers hardness testing. The morphology of the initial TA15 alloy was nearly equiaxed structure. The α phase content, thickness of the oxygen-rich α layer, and hardness of the TA15 alloy increased with the number of cycles. The morphology of the TA15 alloy changed into the Widmannstatten structure when the alloy underwent six cycles of heat treatment between 970 and 800°C. The thickness of the oxygen-rich α layer and hardness of the alloy increased with the lower limit temperature of the cyclic heat treatment. Compared with the number of cycles, the lower limit temperature of the cyclic heat treatment was a more significant factor on the microstructure evolution of the TA15 titanium alloy.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phase Transition, Electronic and Magnetic Properties of CsN and RbN Alloys under Pressure
Autorzy:
Wei, Xiao-Ping
Zhang, Ya-Ling
Wang, Qing
Deng, Jian-Bo
Tematy:
71.15.Mb
71.55.Ak
74.62.Fj
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1401895.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Using full-potential local-orbital minimum-basis method within density functional theory, we study the phase transition, electronic and magnetic properties of CsN and RbN alloys under external pressure. Concerning the phase transition, we consider three possible crystal structures, including caesium chloride (CsCl), rock salt (RS) and zinc blende (ZB) ones. Calculations of enthalpy exhibit that a pressure-induced phase transition occurs between the three structures, and the phase transitions are difficult to be distinguished under ambient condition (P=0 GPa). As the further increase of pressure, they can be specified clearly. In addition, the electronic calculations indicate that both alloys are half-metallic ferromagnets with a total magnetic moment of 2.000 $μ_{B}$, which is promising for fabricating spin injection devices. Finally, we discuss the electronic and magnetic properties of CsN and RbN under external pressure. A pressure-induced delocalized electronic states and magnetic phase transition are observed in RbN and CsN alloys.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 17

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