Temat: Forest fire - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Effectiveness of forest fire security systems in Poland
Autorzy:: Grajewski, S. M.
Tematy:: forest fire
forest fire risk
forest fire protection
forest fire security
State Forests National Forest Holding; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101173.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: It has been estimated that over 80% of forest areas in Poland is threatened with fire. Due to the number of fires and burned area, Poland is counted to the group of European countries where fires break out the most frequently. On average, each year and mostly because of human activity, almost 8.5 thousand fires break out resulting in over 7 thousand ha of burned forest area. Many scientists forecast that the climate warming, decline in precipitation amount and prolonging rainless periods will enhance fire risk in forests, which will translate itself not only into an increase in the number of fires, but also will favour their intensive spreading. The aim of presented paper is estimating the operational efficiency of the fire protection system in Polish forests and the effectiveness of fire extinguishing actions in forests, but also recognition of the effect of the forest area management type on fire statistics. Following data series were investigated: of the number of fires, the burned forest area and average fire area for the years 1990-2016 for the forests under the management of the State Forests National Forest Holding (State Forests NFH) and other managements. Determined trends were analysed by means of Mann-Kendall non-parametric test. A mean area of forest fire was assumed as the main measure of forest fire protection system effectiveness. The area was compared with the other European countries, Canada and the USA. Despite a lack of a tendency for decreasing number of fires in Poland, which is noted in Europe, taking into account a low value and a statistically significant downward trend for average fire area, forest protection and the effectiveness of extinguishing actions in Polish forests should be regarded as very good. The exception are forests remaining beyond the management of the State Forests NFH, where the upward trend for the number of forest fires is alarming.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: ACTIVITIES OF A FIRE BRIGADE DURING HUGE FOREST FIRE BEFORE DEPLOYMENT OF THE OVERLAND FIREFIGHTING MODULE
Autorzy:: Jaroslav, Kapusniak,
Tematy:: forest fire
extinguishing of forest fire
activities during forest fire
non-accessible terrain
aviation firefighting equipment; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/890947.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Occurrence of forest fires having increasing intensity and extent thereof due to climatic changes is more often in recent years. The article summarizes tasks and recommendations for firefighting brigade relating to a forest fire that jeopardizes to grow into a huge extent in a non-accessible terrain and to performing an intervention exceeding possibilities of a fire brigade from the District Headquarters of the Fire and Rescue Corps (hereinafter only “FRC”), including applying aviation fitrefighting equipment.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Potential forest fire risk evaluation in Poland
Autorzy:: Szczygieł, Ryszard
Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
Kołakowski, Bartłomiej
Piwnicki, Józef
Tematy:: forest fire risk categorization
stand flammability classes
potential forest fire risk
forest fuel models; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041675.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The term forest fire risk means the existence of such conditions that would make possible the occurrence of a fire in the forest environment. The base for the effectiveness of a forest fire protection system is the evaluation of the forest fire risk followed by adequate organization of the system. This article presents methods for determination of the forest susceptibility to fire known as potential forest fire risk. The below presented methods were developed by Forest Research Institute as the results of the projects commissioned by the General Directorate of State Forests. The forest fire risk category and stand flammability classes are the methods included here. The forest fire risk category was elaborated already in 1975 for the first time. Until today, after the last modification in 2008, it is the fundamental document for the polish forest fire protection system. The purpose of this modification was to increase the determination accuracy of the fire risk category of all polish forest, regardless of its ownership type and at the different administrative level. The categorization method, however, doesn’t reflect the fire risk in micro scale. The attempt to solve that problem was made in 2018 while developing the methodology of stand flammability classes. It was assumed that ground cover fuel models will be developed for the most flammable forest habitat types including ground cover types, dominant species, age class and geographical localisation.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Potential forest fire risk evaluation in Poland
Autorzy:: Szczygieł, Ryszard
Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
Kołakowski, Bartłomiej
Piwnicki, Józef
Wydawca:: Committee on Forestry Sciences and Wood Technology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Forest Research Institute in Sekocin Stary
Cytata wydawnicza:: Folia Forestalia Polonica, Series A – Forestry , 2020, Vol. 62 (1), 39–45. DOI: 10.2478/ffp-2020-0005
Opis:: The term forest fire risk means the existence of such conditions that would make possible the occurrence of a fire in the forest environment. The base for the effectiveness of a forest fire protection system is the evaluation of the forest fire risk followed by adequate organization of the system. This article presents methods for determination of the forest susceptibility to fire known as potential forest fire risk. The below presented methods were developed by Forest Research Institute as the results of the projects commissioned by the General Directorate of State Forests. The forest fire risk category and stand flammability classes are the methods included here. The forest fire risk category was elaborated already in 1975 for the first time. Until today, after the last modification in 2008, it is the fundamental document for the polish forest fire protection system. The purpose of this modification was to increase the determination accuracy of the fire risk category of all polish forest, regardless of its ownership type and at the different administrative level. The categorization method, however, doesn't reflect the fire risk in micro scale. The attempt to solve that problem was made in 2018 while developing the methodology of stand flammability classes. It was assumed that ground cover fuel models will be developed for the most flammable forest habitat types including ground cover types, dominant species, age class and geographical localisation.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Komputerowa symulacja rozwoju pożaru kompleksu leśnego w pobliżu Nowogrodu Cz. II. Wyniki symulacji
Computer simulation of fire development of the forest complex near Nowogród Part. II. The simulation results
Autorzy:: Maciak, T.
Marzewski, R.
Tematy:: symulacja rozwoju pożaru lasu
modele pożaru lasu
forest fire simulation
forest fire models; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Symulacji Komputerowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/404057.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: W pierwszej części pracy przedstawiono sposób pozyskiwania danych wejściowych do oprogramowania FARSITE. W drugiej, bieżącej części pracy zaprezentowano wyniki symulacji. Z przeprowadzonych obliczeń wynika, że na analizowanym obszarze leśnym głównie może występować pożar powierzchniowy. Obejmuje on największy obszar spalonego lasu. Zaprezentowano również miejsca, w których może dochodzić do zapłonu koron drzew. Jest to jednak tylko pożar pasywny, który nie może utrzymać się bez udziału ognia powierzchniowego. Przeprowadzone obliczenia wykazały, że w przyjętych warunkach zagrożenie pożarem aktywnym jest praktycznie niemożliwe.
In the first part of the paper a method of obtaining input data into FARSITE software was presented. In the second, the current part of the paper, the results of simulations were presented. A conducted calculation shown that the analyzed area of forest can be found mainly fire surface. It covers the largest area of forest burned. Also presented in places where ignition may occur crown. This is just a passive fire that cannot survive without the flame surface. The calculations showed that adopted an active fire hazard conditions is virtually impossible.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Modelowania pożaru lasu. Część I. Metody i algorytmy modelowania pożaru lasu
Forest fire modeling. Part I. Methods and algorithms for forest fire modeling
Autorzy:: Czerpak, T.
Maciak, T.
Tematy:: modele pożaru lasu
symulacja rozwoju pożaru lasu
forest fire modeling
forest fire simulation; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpożarowej im. Józefa Tuliszkowskiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/373371.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: W pracy opisano modele matematyczne, które są stosowane do symulacji rozwoju pożaru lasu w oprogramowaniu FARSITE. Zaprezentowano modele pożaru powierzchni roślinności. Zwrócono uwagę na model pożaru koron drzew, zjawisko roznoszenia płonących fragmentów roślinności oraz modele paliwowe. Omówiono również zastosowanie zasady propagacji fali Huygensa do symulacji wzrostu frontu pożaru.
Mathematical models which are used to simulate development forest fire in software FARSITE were described in the work. Surface fire spread models were presented. Attention was paid to model crown fire, the phenomenon of spreading the burning fragments of vegetation and fuel models. Were also discussed the use of Huygens' principle for simulating surface front fire growth.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Spatial Variability of Forest Fires in the Polish Voivodeships in the Period of 2009-2018
Autorzy:: Podawca, Konrad
Pawłat-Zawrzykraj, Agata
Tematy:: forest fire
fire statistics
fire risk; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839196.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article deals with the issue of forest fire risk and regional differentiation of this phenomenon in Poland. A set of indicators characterizing forest fires in voivodeships (equivalent of provinces) was developed, including: area indicators, variability indicators, 10-year indicators, normalized indicators and a synthetic indicator. The study is based on the data for the years 2009-2018 provided by the Local Data Bank. Assessment of the severity of forest fires phenomena in the analysed period was presented. The results of the assessment were compared to theoretically designated fire risk categories. Areas where the actual number of fires, average area and the burned area were adequate to the forecasted degree of fire risk were indicated. Additionally, the obtained results allowed to identify the voivodeships where the characteristics of forest fires for the analysed period differed from the forest fire risk degree found in the literature. This indicates the complex nature of the phenomenon resulting from, inter alia, large variability of factors that determine the occurrence of forest fires. An example of such a situation is the Lubuskie Voivodeship which is assigned to the medium fire risk category, while the actual intensity was found to be low. Another example is the Podkarpackie Voivodeship with a medium and low fire risk, where over the past 10 years the intensity of the phenomenon was high.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Potential forest fire risk evaluation in Poland
Autorzy:: Szczygieł, Ryszard
Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
Kołakowski, Bartłomiej
Piwnicki, Józef
Wydawca:: The Committee on Forestry Sciences and Wood Technology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Forest Research Institute in Sekocin Stary
Cytata wydawnicza:: Szczygieł, R., Kwiatkowski, M., Kołakowski, B., & Piwnicki, J. (2020). Potential forest fire risk evaluation in Poland, Folia Forestalia Polonica, 62(1), 39-45. doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2020-0005
Opis:: The term forest fire risk means the existence of such conditions that would make possible the occurrence of a fire in the forest environment. The base for the effectiveness of a forest fire protection system is the evaluation of the forest fire risk followed by adequate organization of the system. This article presents methods for determination of the forest susceptibility to fire known as potential forest fire risk. The below presented methods were developed by Forest Research Institute as the results of the projects commissioned by the General Directorate of State Forests. The forest fire risk category and stand flammability classes are the methods included here. The forest fire risk category was elaborated already in 1975 for the first time. Until today, after the last modification in 2008, it is the fundamental document for the polish forest fire protection system. The purpose of this modification was to increase the determination accuracy of the fire risk category of all polish forest, regardless of its ownership type and at the different administrative level. The categorization method, however, doesn’t reflect the fire risk in micro scale. The attempt to solve that problem was made in 2018 while developing the methodology of stand flammability classes. It was as - sumed that ground cover fuel models will be developed for the most flammable forest habitat types including ground cover types, dominant species, age class and geographical localisation.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Komputerowa symulacja rozwoju pożaru kompleksu leśnego w pobliżu Nowogrodu Cz. I. Dobór danych wejściowych
Computer simulation of fire development of the forest complex near Nowogród Part I. Selection of the input data
Autorzy:: Maciak, T.
Marzewski, R.
Tematy:: symulacja rozwoju pożaru lasu
modele pożaru lasu
forest fire simulation
forest fire model; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Symulacji Komputerowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/404306.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: W pierwszej części pracy przedstawiono sposób pozyskiwania danych wejściowych do oprogramowania FARSITE. Z RDLP otrzymano numeryczny model terenu. Mapę nachyleń i ekspozycji oraz mapę pokrycia terenu koronami drzew uzyskano w sposób pośredni. Do opisu paliw powierzchni posłużyły modele opisane przez Scotta i Burgana. Przyjęta mapa wysokości drzew, wysokości oraz gęstości koron drzew dotyczyła sosny zwyczajnej. Opis pogody i wiatru został przyjęty na podstawie średnich warunków pogodowych charakterystycznych dla początku lipca w Polsce.
In the first part of the paper a method of obtaining input data into FARSITE software was presented. From RDLP obtained digital terrain model. Map of slopes, exposures and map land cover crowns of trees obtained in an indirect way. To describe the surface fuels were used models described by Scott and Burgan. Adopted map tree height and density of the tree canopy of pinus sylvestris concerned. Description of weather and wind has been adopted on the basis of average weather conditions characteristic for the beginning of July in Poland.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Specific Activity of Radionuclides in Soils Disturbed by Forest Fires
Autorzy:: Popovych, Vasyl
Henyk, Yaroslav
Gapalo, Andriy
Bosak, Pavlo
Popovych, Nataliya
Tematy:: forest fire
fire danger
radionuclides
soil pollution; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105292.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Fires in natural ecosystems have a detrimental effect on all biota components. In the global scale, many scientific studies of prominent scientists are devoted to this topic. It should be noted that scientists have always been interested in the influence of thermal destruction of soil genetic horizons on the specific activity of radionuclides. Most of these studies began after the Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011) radiation disasters. The conducted research is focused on the specific activity of radionuclides due to the thermal effects of fires in natural ecosystems. It has been established that the edaphotopes affected by fires are naturally restored causing the restoration of soil formation processes. The specific activity of radionuclides decreases with the duration of the ground fire. Comparing the obtained data with the regulatory documentation, it was found that they do not exceed the minimum significant activity of radionuclides in the workplace. However, the increased activity of radionuclides in soils has a detrimental effect on the ecological condition and flora and fauna development. During the fire season in natural ecosystems and forests, careless handling of fire should be avoided and preventive measures should be taken to inform the public about the harmful effects of wildfire.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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