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Tytuł:
Non-Liberal Democracy and the Possibilities of Its Consolidation
Autorzy:
Plecka, Danuta
Tematy:
crisis
democracy
liberal democracy
non-liberal democracy
democratic
backsliding
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195799.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The notion of non-liberal democracy has become an inseparable element of the debate on the crisis of liberal democracy. For some scholars and journalists, non-liberal democracy is a consequence of the crisis of liberal democracy. It should be pointed out that when indicating the causes of this crisis in the economic, political, and cultural spheres, researchers rarely address the issue of the legitimacy of identifying democracy as non-liberal and its characteristics. Moreover, no one has initiated a broad debate on the possibility of a retreat from non-liberal democracy and the conditions that must be met to return to liberal democracy. That is why this paper attempts to describe the phenomenon called nonliberal democracy and analyse the conditions which should be fulfilled, both in political and social terms. It is to enable the return to the idea of liberal democracy.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zwycięstwo oraz kryzys liberalnej demokracji na przełomie XX i XXI wieku
The triumph and crisis of liberal democracy at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century
Autorzy:
Plakhotniuk, Oksana
Opis:
The purpose of this thesis is to describe two main stages of liberal democracy: its triumph in the second half of the 20th century and its crisis, which have started in the 21st century. The work consists of three chapters. The first chapter describes the transformation of democracy from its first forms to its liberal version. Besides, there have been described different models of democracy, which have been popular in political science since the Age of Enlightenment, especially representative model (reasons of its domination among modern democracies and its critique). Also, the concept of crisis and the paradigm of the political crisis have been analysed in this chapter. The second chapter describes the victory of democracy in the second half of the 20th century: it analyses benefits of this system, reasons of the collapse of undemocratic regimes and the process of democratization as a part of the “third wave”. The third chapter describes the factors that had an impact on the modern crisis of the liberal democracy (neoliberal economic policy, the financial crisis in 2015, the migrant crisis, multiculturalism, problems of representation, legitimacy, European integration, populism etc.). The thesis statement argues that modern crisis of liberal democracy is a result of imperfection of the representative system and ineffective management and slow reaction to every crisis situation. Besides, every unsolved crisis escalated further crises. On one hand, crises help reveal and fix internal system problems. On the other hand, the lack of a long-term strategy to overcome contemporary global crises significantly undermines the stability of liberal democracy and the belief that it is a final and non-alternative system.
Celem niniejszej pracy jest opisanie dwóch etapów liberalnej demokracji: jej triumf w drugiej połowie XX wieku oraz jej kryzys, który zaczął się w wieku XXI. Praca składa się z trzech rozdziałów. W pierwszym rozdziale została zanalizowana transformacja demokracji od jej pierwszych form do wersji liberalnej. Oprócz tego zostały przedstawione różne modele demokracji, które były popularne w myśli politycznej od epoki oświecenia, zwłaszcza system przedstawicielski (przyczyny jego dominacji we współczesnych demokracjach oraz jego krytyka). Także omówione zostało pojęcie kryzysu oraz paradygmat przebiegania kryzysów politycznych. Drugi rozdział jest poświęcony zwycięstwu liberalnej demokracji w drugiej połowie XX wieku. Przedstawia przewagi tego systemu w stosunku do innych ustrojów politycznych, przyczyny upadku reżimów niedemokratycznych i proces demokratyzacji w ramach „trzeciej fali”. W trzecim rozdziale zostały zanalizowane czynniki, które złożyły się na współczesny kryzys liberalnej demokracji (neoliberalna polityka gospodarcza, kryzys finansowy 2015 roku, kryzys uchodźców, wielokulturowości, problem reprezentacji, integracji europejskiej, legitymizacji władzy, rozpowszechnienie populizmu oraz inne). Główna teza pracy zakłada, że współczesny kryzys liberalnej demokracji jest skutkiem niedoskonałości systemu przedstawicielskiego oraz braku efektywnego zarządzania i szybkiej reakcji w przypadku każdej poszczególnej sytuacji kryzysowej. Oprócz tego każdy nierozwiązany kryzys powoduje powstanie lub pogłębienie następnych kryzysów. Z jednej strony, kryzysy służą ujawnieniu oraz naprawieniu wewnętrznych problemów systemu liberalnej demokracji. Z drugiej zaś strony, brak długotrwałej strategii pokonania współczesnych globalnych kryzysów znacząco podważa stabilność demokracji liberalnej oraz przekonanie, że jest to system ostateczny i bezalternatywny.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Inne
Tytuł:
The European Union Weltanschauung and the Liberal World Order
Autorzy:
Ilik, Goran
Tematy:
European Union
International relations
BRICS
Liberal democracy
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558319.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This article investigates the challenges of the liberal democracy in the new international context, provoked by the emergence of the new great powers (Russia and China), and especially the establishment of the BRICS grouping in the world political scene. Namely, this article ‘clashes’ the both paradigms of BRICS and the EU, in order to conclude their performances in relation to the values of liberal democracy. In that context, especially is stressed the liberal axiological set of the EU, as a postmodern entity, with typical soft power in the international relations. The EU soft power stems from its axiological set, which predominantly is composed by the values of liberal democracy. The new international context is characterised by the establishment of liberal and illiberal actors. The IR theorists treated the USA and the EU as main represents of the liberal democracy, whilst Russia and China, as illiberal democracies, or simply, autocracies. This article concludes the forthcoming challenges of the liberal democracy in the new international context, as well as the place, role and the international political capacity of the EU, in relation to its mission for safeguarding and advancement of the liberal democratic values.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Democratic Challenges in Contemporary Poland
Współczesne Wyzwania Demokratyczne w Polsce
Autorzy:
Lasota, Paula
Opis:
The following works aims to analyze the contemporary democratic challenges in Poland in a bi-partisan way which is grounded in new-democratic theory. A turn to history as well as cross-cutting institutional analysis of both the EU and the Liberal Democracy will also be included. Through the work, questions of Europeanization as well as populism will also arise. It will be found that Poland's democratic challenges expand far beyond the most recent action of the Law and Justice Party.
Praca dązy do tego aby analizować współczesne wyzwania demokratyczne w Polsce poprzez zrównowazoną analyze która równiesz stosuję współczesną teorie demokratyczne. Częśc pracy także będzie dotyczyć historie polityczną Polski jak i też zalety i wady współczesnego systemu demokratycznego, "liberal democracy." Pytania związane z UE jak i tez populismu będą także rozwinięte poprzez prace.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Inne
Tytuł:
THE CORONAVIRUS IN LIBERAL AND ILLIBERAL DEMOCRACIES AND THE FUTURE OF GLOBALIZED WORLD
Autorzy:
BRZECHCZYN, KRZYSZTOF
Tematy:
pandemic
coronavirus
COVID-19
liberal democracy
illiberal democracy
globalization
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036153.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The aim of this article is to compare the effectiveness of two political systems: liberal democracy and illiberal democracy in fighting the coronavirus pandemic. The analysis has been carried out on the basis of the theoretical assumptions and conceptualization of non-Marxian historical materialism. In the first part of my article, I present the concept of ‘regulative credit” which has been introduced in that theory. In standard socio-political conditions, the growth of power regulations is usually contested by citizens. However, in a situation of danger, when social order is undermined, citizens support the authorities’ extraordinary regulations. This social support, called regulative credit, lasts as long as the danger persists. In chapter two, I characterize shortly liberal and illiberal democracies. In liberal democracy, there is a balance between different branches of power, and citizens share a socio-political consciousness of the individualistic type. In illiberal democracy, the executive branch of power – although it has been democratically chosen – has an advantage over the two other kinds of power, and citizens share a socio-political consciousness of the collectivist type. Those differences result in diverse reactions of the authorities to a situation of threat. The political authorities of an illiberal democracy react faster in comparison with the political authorities in liberal democracies that react slower. Also, the attitude of citizens toward the introduced restrictions varied. Societies of illiberal democracies are more self-disciplined and more willing to accept restrictions from above. Whereas societies of liberal democracies are more individualistic and less willing to accept limitations. In the fourth part of my paper, I analyze briefly the influence of the pandemic on globalization processes and on the relations between the EU and the nation states in Europe. In the summary (chapter five), I predict that the mass use of modern technologies to control social life and strengthening of the sovereignty of nation states will be the two most important effects of the pandemic.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elitist Democracy as the Root of Populist Counter-Revolution: A Theoretical Approach
Autorzy:
Lewandowski, Arkadiusz
Tematy:
elitist democracy
crisis of liberal democracy
counter-revolution
populism
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048207.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The article aims to critically discuss elitist democracy as one of the possible causes of the contemporary crisis of liberal democracy. The research problem is the question about the essential elements of the concept of elitist democracy, which potentially account for the populist counter-revolution aimed at changing the political systems formed after 1989. The theoretical background of this paper is provided by the studies on the crisis of democracy, which have been conducted in recent years and presented by Jan Zielonka, or the duets of Ivan Krastev and Stephen Holmes as well as Roger Eatwell and Matthew Goodwin. The analysis makes it possible to state that relations between elites and non-elites are crucial for elitist democracy, and they include the process of elites distancing themselves from non-elites, depreciating the needs of non-elites and their importance within the political system, and privileging the position of the elites. In turn, the indicated features of elitist democracy constitute the areas of populist criticism of liberal democracy.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Violence in de Sade (comoedia)
Autorzy:
Matuszewski, Krzysztof
Tematy:
cruelty
evil
liberal democracy
martyrdom
morality
transgression
violence
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451297.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Violence occupies a regal position in the work of de Sade. It manifests itself in two forms: sexual persecution (excesses, manias, perversions, cruelty) and enlightened reasoning (unabashed promotion of naturalism, rationalism, hedonism and atheism). De Sade uses his most precious instrument as a semblance, by creating a magic spectacle of a gothic novel, and as truth, when he presents himself as a metaphysician and moralist. What kind of reading of de Sade deserves the title of the most adequate one? Does de Sade exist in text only? Is he the liberator, so praised by surrealists? Or does his transgressive nature go beyond the postulates of moral or social-political liberalism and penetrate the sphere of existence, demanding such actions that could be performed only by an individual consciously aiming at its doom? In his theatrum of passions and arguments, de Sade returns to the motif of rivalry between good and evil, simulating various narrative positions: from impulsive libertinism to dark Gnosticism, and reaches for complementary means of expression: from apology of crime to a lyrically tinted martyrological emphasis. Reading de Sade need not cause indignation. If one remembers that he is a transhistorical philosopher, one can deal with him in the way suggested by Chantal Thomas – euphorically. The reading of de Sade, like all other texts, depends on the times; in his case, the best atmosphere is provided by the mental and political atmosphere created by liberal democracy. He can be read there with open mind and physically relaxed, lightly – as becoming for a comoedia.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Political Legitimacy and Normative Disorientation in European Liberal Democracies
Autorzy:
Bieliński, Jacek
Tematy:
legitimacy
normative disorientation
liberal democracy
hierarchical linear models
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790795.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Legitimacy is one of the fundamental topics of the social and political sciences, as well as a valid issue in contemporary Western societies. Legitimacy is based on the existence of a common standard for evaluating social and political systems. If such a standard is absent, legitimacy is impossible by definition (Beetham 1991). The research question of this article is: to what extent is the level of a political system’s legitimacy explained by the effect of normative disorientation? Data from round 5 of the European Social Survey is analyzed by multilevel linear regression models in order to verify hypotheses about the strength and direction of the correlation between political legitimacy and normative disorientation. Analysis showed that normative disorientation is negatively correlated with the level of political legitimacy.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Liberal-constitutional backsliding of democracy and the threat of the pandemic : theoretical and empirical considerations
Autorzy:
Szlachta, Bogdan
Pietrzyk-Reeves, Dorota
Górnisiewicz, Arkadiusz
Opis:
In this article we argue that what is called today a 'democratic backsliding' or de-consolidation should be analysed, at least in some cases, as a liberal-constitutional backsliding for which the pandemic of Covid-19 adds a new impetus and creates the situation where violation of constitutionality of law might become a norm. In our theoretical considerations, we propose to examine this problem from two interconnected perspectives: the tension between the liberal and the democratic components of liberal democracy, often overlooked by the dominant democratic theory, and constitutionalism as the major safeguard of individual rights and liberties that limits democratic sovereignty, or the will of the people expressed by democratic representation. To better understand the nature of the current crisis of liberal-constitutional backsliding, we refer to Carl Schmitt's concept of 'the administrative state' where the dominant legal act is an administrative decree which does not require constitutional legitimacy or even the guarantee that it expresses the will of the majority. Our empirical considerations focus on the case of the liberal-constitutional backsliding in Poland exacerbated by the pandemic, which provides a good illustration of how the tensions within the liberal-democratic model itself can be used to justify democratic sovereignty as the only source of political legitimacy.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
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