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Wyszukujesz frazę "Marian Smoluchowski" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Światy indeterministyczne Franza-Serafina Exnera i Mariana Smoluchowskiego
Indeterministic worlds of Franz-Serafin Exner and Marian Smoluchowski
Autorzy:
Rodzeń, Jacek
Tematy:
laws of nature
chance
indeterminism
Franz-Serafin Exner
Marian Smoluchowski
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Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691138.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The paper presents philosophical views which have been propagated in the first decade of the 20th-century by Austrian experimental physicist Franz-Serafin Exner (1846-1926). According to Exner all apparently deterministic laws are only a kind of the macroscopic limit of the indeterministic random events and processes in nature. The paper attempts to show whether Exner’s ideas have influenced the views on randomness and probability developed by renowned Polish physicist Marian Smoluchowski (1872-1917) who belonged to informal circle of Exner’s students and assistants (so-called Exner-Kreis).
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fluktuujący świat Mariana Smoluchowskiego
Fluctuating world of Marian Smoluchowski
Autorzy:
Fuliński, Andrzej
Tematy:
atomic theory
fluctuations
Brownian motion
stochastic process
non-markovian process
Marian Smoluchowski
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Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691096.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The main goal of this paper is to present the Marian Smoluchowski’s work on thermal and primordial fluctuations which are the main cause of Brownian motion and one of the first empirical evidences for molecular structure of matter.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Marian Smoluchowski’s Contributions to the Philosophy of Causation
Autorzy:
Roskal, Zenon
Tematy:
Marian Smoluchowski
causality principle
Brownian motion
causal relevance
transference theory
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450147.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Marian Smoluchowski was a prominent Polish physicist whose greatest achievement was the development – independently of Albert Einstein – of the mathematical theory of Brownian motion. In his theoretical view of the problem of Brownian motion Smoluchowski employed the concept of causal relevance, which was never analysed in numerous publications devoted to his scientific achievement. In this article I am attempting to demonstrate that the concept of causal relevance which Smoluchowski employed in his works devoted to the issue of Brownian motion may be interpreted as analogous to the concept of causal relevance articulated by Max Kistler. I present a number of arguments which demonstrate that just such a concept of causal relevance was established by Smoluchowski. Since the explanation of the phenomenon of Brownian motion presented by Smoluchowski has been universally accepted, so in the same way the physicalistic concept of causal relevance has been widely propagated. In this I detect Smoluchowski’s contribution to the philosophy of causality.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagadnienie hipotez i teorii naukowych w rozważaniach filozoficznych Mariana Smoluchowskiego
The issue of hypotheses and scientific theories in the philosophical thoughts of Marian Smoluchowski
Autorzy:
Dziekan, Małgorzata
Tematy:
science
hypothesis
scientific theory
scientific explanation
analogy
models of physical phenomena
Marian Smoluchowski
Ludwig Boltzmann
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Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691112.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate and reconstruct the philosophical thoughts in Marian Smoluchowski’s papers (in his publications and in unknown manuscripts as well). He was an outstanding Polish physicist, who lived at the turn of the XIX and XX century. Smoluchowski was particularly interested in theoretical physics. His achievements in this discipline, some even very significant, have caused him to be perceived mainly as a physicist. His work in the theory of fluctuations and kinetic theory of gases, especially in the theory of Brownian motions, is well known to physicists. My attention in this paper is focused on the metascientific problems which dominated his philosophical reflections. His analysis in the fields on philosophy of science (the concept of hypothesis, theory) ought to be perceived in light of physics. Philosophical reflections were at the margins of science which he practiced – physics was always the background to his deliberations. An important limit to our deliberations was set by concentrating on issues typical of the philosophy of science. In Smoluchowski’s case, however, it is difficult to say that his branch of philosophy is characterized by systematic reflection. It is difficult to classify his reflection in the framework of any given philosophical trend.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rękopisy Mariana Smoluchowskiego – ważne źródło do studiów nad filozofią w nauce
Marian Smoluchowskis manuscripts - important source for philosophy in science
Autorzy:
Polak, Paweł
Dziekan, Małgorzata
Tematy:
Marian Smoluchowski
philosophy in science
history of science
Polish philosophy
philosophy on nature in Krakow
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Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691092.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The aim of tis article is to present the selected Marian Smoluchowski's manuscripts to be published in this volume. At the beginning, a history and current state of research of his manusript legacy was showed. Next there were characterized a philosophical significance of his unpublished manuscripts and a short analysis of the manuscripts published in this volume. At the end of the article the details about the current edition of Smoluchowski's manuscripts were described.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of the history of science in Marian Smoluchowski’s scientific, didactic and philosophical activities
Autorzy:
Polak, Paweł
Tematy:
Marian Smoluchowski, history of physics, philosophy in science, history of science and didactics of physics, history of science and culture
Marian Smoluchowski, historia fizyki, filozofia w nauce, historia nauki w dydaktyce fizyki, historia nauki a kultura
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783354.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Marian Smoluchowski (1872–1917) was an outstanding Polish physicist, known e.g. as a pioneer of statistical physics. His short paper about history of physics in Poland represents the initial study in this field. It was cited many times, creating the starting point for the historiography of physics in Poland. However, the role of history of science played in Smoluchowski’s activities was never systematically analyzed before. This article concentrates on three main domains of Smoluchowski’s activities involved with history of science: scientific, didactic and philosophical. It reveals that for Smoluchowski the importance of history of science was determined by its cultural impact. History of science played the important role in crystallization of his philosophical concepts, as well as in didactics revealing the internal dynamics of science and inspiring to new discoveries. The last issue is tied with specific methodological approach to physics called by Smoluchowski ‘romanticism of science’. This paper shows that Smoluchowski was not only a pioneer of history of physics in Poland, but also prepared some foundations for future development of this field of research.
Marian Smoluchowski (1872–1917) był wybitnym polskim fizykiem, znanym m.in. jako pionier fizyki statystycznej. Jego krótka praca o historii fizyki w Polsce stanowi pionierskie opracowanie tego zagadnienia, była cytowana wiele razy, tworząc punkt wyjścia do dalszych badań nad historią fizyki w Polsce. Należy jednakże podkreślić, że nigdy nie poddano systematycznej analizie zagadnienia roli historii nauki w działalności naukowej Smoluchowskiego. W niniejszej pracy skupiono się na trzech obszarach działalności związanych z historią nauki: badawczym, dydaktycznym i filozoficznym. Wskazano, że doniosłość historii nauki dla Smoluchowskiego brała się z jej kulturowego znaczenia. Historia nauki odegrała ważną rolę w procesie krystalizacji koncepcji filozoficznych wybitnego fizyka, a także w dydaktyce fizyki, ukazując wewnętrzną dynamikę rozwoju nauki i inspirując do nowych odkryć. To ostatnie zagadnienie jest ściśle związane ze specyficznym podejściem metodologicznym Smoluchowskiego do fizyki, nazwanym przez niego „romantyzmem nauki”. W artykule wskazano nie tylko, że Smoluchowski jest pionierem historii fizyki w Polsce, ale też że przygotował podstawy dla przyszłego rozwoju tej dyscypliny.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Profesor Marian Smoluchowski (1872-1917) : zapomniany rektor Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Professor Marian Smoluchowski (1872-1917) : the forgotten rector of the Jagiellonian University
Autorzy:
Słowik, Grzegorz
Opis:
The article presents the figure of the great Polish physicist Professor Marian Smoluchowski who lived at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. It presents his most important achievements as a scientist, a physicist of the Nobel Prize dimension, and in other fields:: didactic, organizational, as well as personal (related to his greatest passion – mountaineering). The study specifies the three most important periods of Smoluchowski’s life and scientific activity: the Vienna, Lviv and Krakow periods, and describes his cooperation with other scholars, mostly of the world-wide renown, such as Albert Einstein. The Viennese period included childhood, education at the Collegium Theresianum, physical studies at the University of Vienna, PhD and habilitation. In Lviv, Smoluchowski spent fourteen years employed at Jan Kazimierz University. There, he developed, among others, the theory of Brownian motion. He spent the last four years of his life in Krakow as a professor at the Jagiellonian University, where he mainly dealt with experimental physics. In 1917 he was elected rector of the University, but in the same year, at the age of 45, he died prematurely of dysentery before taking over this office. He managed to prepare the inaugural lecture “On the uniformity of natural laws.”
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł

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