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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 203
Tytuł:
Dynamika analogii
Dynamics of analogy
Autorzy:
Buda, Stanisław
Tematy:
analogy
analogy in scientific reflection
ontic basis of analogy
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690894.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The article deals with the simplest, least philosophically engaged, attempts to define analogy. The author is skeptical as far as the possibility of reducing analogy to the linguistic equipment of logic or of enclosing it in any formal schemes is concerned. Looking for the ontic basis of analogy, he shows its possible rooting in objects. In doing so he employs the notions of idea and model as defined by himself. He suggests an irreplaceable role of analogy in scientific reflection.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Basic laws of aircraft design
Autorzy:
Danov, A.
Tematy:
law
design
analogy
golden section
magneto-hydrodynamic analogy
electro-hydrodynamic analogy
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410811.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Questions of attraction to tasks of aviation technical designing of the regularities of general nature which are earlier not used in this field which are on a joint of basic problems of modern natural sciences, technology, philosophy and the new directions of science which treat, for example, synergy, and others are considered. A conceptual design of civil and transport airplanes with representations of the seven basic laws of the design is offered: 1. Thought or mental associated with the formation of the idea, as well as the visualization of forms and structures designed object. 2. The law of analogies. 3. The Law of Vibration. 4. The law of opposites. 5. The law of cycles and rhythms. 6. The Law of Cause and Effect. 7. Law of design and creativity. The approach to formation of new hierarchy of the criteria of design based on the analysis and synthesis of these laws is also offered. The task of the structural formation and composition of the energy space design, allowing determining the grid of power lines and types of elementary energy and the crystal structures of the elements is considered. Seven basic laws of design are presented and described on a number of examples. The space of design is described with use of the scheme of the Tree of Life divided into ten Spheres of the Worlds which are forming four levels of manifestation: the Design ideas; Realization of Ideas (thinking process); Radiation (including emotions and feelings); Action (implementation), and also division of each of these spheres into sublevels. Possibility of calculation and use of discrete power levels to the description and characteristics of the projected products, and tendencies to replacement of usual options on integrated, hybrid and morphing are shown.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podstawy i specyfika analogiczności języka metafizyki w ujęciu Mieczysława A. Krąpca
Grounds for and Specificity of Analogical Character of the Language of Metaphysics according to Mieczysław A. Krąpiec
Autorzy:
Kunat, Natalia
Tematy:
analogia bytu
analogia poznania
język metafizyki
analogia orzekania
analogy of being
analogy of cognition
language of metaphysic
analogy of predication
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Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/509862.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie podstaw i specyfiki analogiczności języka metafizyki, w głównej mierze w oparciu o dorobek naukowy Mieczysława A. Krąpca. Artykuł został podzielony na dwie części: w pierwszej zaprezentowano rozumienie analogii bytu oraz poznania, natomiast w drugiej przedstawiono kwestie dotyczące analogii orzekania oraz „dorzeczności” języka metafi zyki. Dzięki przeprowadzonym analizom ukazano, iż po pierwsze: język metafizyki jest językiem analogicznym, ponieważ posługuje się rozbudowaną strukturą analogii (analogii bytu, analogii poznania oraz analogii orzekania); po drugie: język metafizyki jest językiem „dorzecznym”, ponieważ naprowadza na widzenie bytu (rzeczy).
This article presents the grounds for and specificity of analogical character of the language of metaphysics mainly on the basis of the research output compiled by Mieczysław A. Krąpiec. The article has been divided into two parts: the first part presents the interpretation of the analogy of being and cognition whereas the second part presents the analogy of predication and ‚thing-directing’ of the language of metaphysics. The analyses that have been conducted indicate that the language of metaphysics is primarily the analogical language since it uses elaborated structure of analogy (the analogy of being, the analogy of cognition, and the analogy of predication), and secondly, the language of metaphysics is the ‚thing-directed’ language since it suggests visual perception of being (a thing).
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Various sources of distraction during analogical reasoning
Autorzy:
Ociepka, Michał
Chuderski, Adam
Kucwaj, Hanna
Opis:
Reasoning by analogy requires mapping relational correspondence between two situations to transfer information from the more familiar (source) to the less familiar situation (target). However, the presence of distractors may lead to invalid conclusions based on semantic or perceptual similarities instead of on relational correspondence. To understand the role of distraction in analogy making, we examined semantically rich four-term analogies (A:B::C:?) and scene analogies, as well as semantically lean geometric analogies and the matrix task tapping general reasoning. We examined (a) what types of lures were most distracting, (b) how the two semantically rich analogy tasks were related, and (c) how much variance in the scores could be attributed to general reasoning ability. We observed that (a) in four-term analogies the distractors semantically related to C impacted performance most strongly, as compared to the perceptual, categorical, and relational distractors, but the two latter distractor types also mattered; (b) distraction sources in four-term and scene analogies were virtually unrelated; and (c) general reasoning explained the largest part of variance in resistance to distraction. The results suggest that various sources of distraction operate at different stages of analogical reasoning and differently affect specific analogy paradigms.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czwarta postać wnioskowania z analogii = Die vierte Form des Analogieschlusses
Vierte Form des Analogieschlusses
Autorzy:
Biegański, Władysław (1857–1917)
Wydawca:
s. n.
(Druk Rubieszewskiego i Wrotnowskiego)
Opis:
Bibliogr. w tekście
BP' 1901-1939, t. 2 poz. 14158
Streszcz. niem.
[1], S. 25-37 ; 24 cm
Odbitka ze sprawozdań z posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego. Wydział Nauk Antropologicznych, Społecznych, Historyi i Filozofii. Posiedzenie z dnia 23 lutego 1913 r., Rok VI, zeszyt. 2
Str. tyt. również w jęz. niem.
Dostawca treści:
RCIN - Repozytorium Cyfrowe Instytutów Naukowych
Książka
Tytuł:
Analogy and the development of cognitive representations
Autorzy:
Ligęza, Witold
Piotrowski, Krzysztof
Wydawca:
LINCOM
Opis:
In a broad research perspective, analogy can be considered significant, both in sensory perception of surrounding objects and in intellectual tasks requiring complex operations on symbols. Previous studies on inference by analogy mainly focused on competences or general capacities unrelated to specific knowledge. Contemporary cognitive psychology seems to focus on both analogy and metaphor. The following article presents the Analogy Test by Witold Ligęza and Krzysztof T. Piotrowski (TALiP), based on studies with children aged 4 to 10 years old.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distraction in semantic analogies and their relationship with abstract reasoning
Autorzy:
Ociepka, Michał
Chuderski, Adam
Kucwaj, Hanna
Opis:
Three leading analogical reasoning paradigms: scene analogies and pictorial A:B::C:D analogies (both semantically-rich) and geometric analogies (semantically-lean) were solved by 251 participants. Pictorial analogies included four types of lures among the response options (perceptual, categorical, semantic, relational). Moreover, distractors related to both B and C were introduced. Additionally, a fluid intelligence test was applied to examine the relationship between the paradigms and general reasoning ability. Results indicated that: (a) objects semantically related to C yielded the strongest distraction in four-term analogies, categorical and relational distractors yielded moderate effects, perceptual distraction was negligible; (b) distractors related to B were relatively easy to ignore, suggesting that C is the primary object of reference during the response selection; (c) whilst the three tasks correlated significantly without control for fluid intelligence, only the semantically-rich tasks did after fluid intelligence was accounted for, suggesting a certain common mechanism, independent of fluid intelligence, underlying the two.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Inne
Tytuł:
Making English a New Latin
Autorzy:
Scheuer, Sylwia
Tematy:
Latin analogy
ELF
ELT
standards
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620576.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The paper looks at various aspects of the so-called Latin-English analogy and particularly at the ways in which English may share the fate of Latin in ultimately becoming a victim of its own success. A critical factor in the history of Latin was a conceptual split between its native and non-native varieties, which eventually proved instrumental in establishing its reputation as a dead language. The author wishes to argue that current proposals for a codification of English as a Lingua Franca, aimed at providing vast numbers of L2 learners with a pedagogical alternative that does not emulate L1 standards, may be regarded as major steps towards making English a new Latin: creating a similar split between native versus foreigners' English.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 203

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