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Wyszukujesz frazę "cornea" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
A 3-year retrospective review of corneal ulcers in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
Autorzy:
Yap, Jin Yi
Voon Tan, Kaai
Khairy-Shamel, Sonny-Teo
Tematy:
keratitis
cornea
Malaysia.
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Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Przyjaciół Medycyny Rodzinnej i Lekarzy Rodzinnych
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/552069.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Background. Microbial keratitis which is also known as corneal ulcer, is a common ocular infection that can result in debilitating monocular visual impairment. Identifying the prevalence and the latest trend of the causative agents will be useful in the management of corneal ulcer. Objectives. To evaluate the demographic and epidemiology factors of microbial keratitis at a tertiary hospital in a rural state of Malaysia. Material and methods. This is a retrospective review with a total recruit of 137 patients who were admitted to the Ophthalmology ward in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. A retrospective review of the demographic data and results of corneal tissue sampling were documented. Results. Demographic data showed similarity to other studies where it affected most commonly in the productive age. It was also more commonly seen in male patients than in female. Bacterial keratitis (51.1%) was found to be more common than fungal keratitis (24.8%). In cases of bacterial keratitis, Pseudomonas spp. was the commonest causative agent, while in cases of fungal keratitis, Fusarium spp. was the commonest fungus microbial agent. Conclusions. With the knowledge of the demographical and epidemiological factors of microbial keratitis of a region, clinicians will be able to initiate prompt treatment at the early stages of the disease. Thus, less complications will arise from the disease and a better visual outcome provided.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An unusual presentation of corneal intraepithelial neoplasia
Autorzy:
Marticorena-Álvarez, Paula
Garrido Ceca, Guadalupe
Celdrán Vivancos, Diego Asensio
Tematy:
cornea
epitheliectomy
interferon
intraepithelial
neoplasia
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Wydawca:
Medical Education
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1928037.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Introduction: Conjunctival/corneal intraepithelial neoplasms are premalignant lesions usually showing conjunctival or limbal involvement. We report the rare case of an isolated corneal intraepithelial lesion. Clinical case: An 80-year-old woman with an elevated, avascular, well-demarcated grey corneal plaque. After epitheliectomy and alcohol, the excised lesion was identified as a high-grade epithelial neoplasia. Treatment was topical interferon α-2b for 1 month without recurrences. Conclusions: A well-defined greyish corneal opacity should always raise suspicion of an intraepithelial neoplasia. In the present case, epitheliectomy and topical recombinant interferon proved successful.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of biochemical factors in the pathogenesis of keratoconus
Autorzy:
Wojcik, Katarzyna
Blasiak, Janusz
Szaflik, Jerzy
Szaflik, Jacek
Tematy:
keratoconus
cornea
collagen
proteinases
proinflammatory markers
antioxidants
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Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039330.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal disease associated with structural abnormalities in the corneal epithelium, Bowman's layer and stroma and altered concentration of tear components. KC corneas show a different pattern of collagen lamellae than their normal counterparts. Also, a reduction of several collagen types in KC epithelium and stroma was observed. Altered expression and/or activity of lysyl oxidase, a critical enzyme of the biogenesis of connective tissue detected in KC corneas, may weaken covalent bonds between collagen and elastin fibrils, what may lead to biomechanical deterioration of the cornea. Increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases observed in KC may induce the degradation of the extracellular matrix causing damage to the cornea. Oxidative and nitrative stress play an important role in KC pathogenesis and KC corneas are characterized by the disturbed lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide pathways. Malfunctioning of these pathways may lead to accumulation of their toxic by-products inducing several detrimental effects, along with apoptosis of the corneal cells, which may result from the loss of β-actin or increased levels of cytokines, including interleukin-1 and -6. Change in the expression of genes associated with wound healing, including the nerve growth factor and the visual system homeobox 1, may contribute to increased susceptibility of KC corneas to injury. Consequently, biochemical changes may play an important role in KC pathophysiology and, therefore, can be considered in prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and in the therapy of this disease as well.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental allogenic transplantation of cornea endothelial cells in cats
Autorzy:
Kielbowicz, Z.
Kuryszko, J.
Strzadala, L.
Tematy:
experimental transplantation
transplantation
cornea
endothelial cell
cat
endothelium
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31702.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Background: The aim of the present study was assessing the possibility of experimental allogenic transplantation of cat cornea endothelial cells, multiplied in vitro, into the anterior chamber of the eyeball in recipient cats. The reason for undertaking the research is the need to develop a method that would help in the cornea treatment in animals with corneal opacification following cataract surgery, as well as lens dislocation, injuries and endothelium degeneration. Methods: Cats aged 10-12 months were used in the experiment. Cornea fragments consisting of the posterior limiting membrane and posterior epithelium were placed in Iscove;s medium with addition of 10% foetal calf serum. Multiplied in vitro cells were injected into the anterior chamber of recipient cats. The cornea was subject to histological, histometric and SEM examination on the 3rd, 7th, 20th and 30th day after the surgery. Results: Micromorphological examination of the cornea showed full restitution of its endothelium 30 days after transplantation. Complete regeneration of structures indispensable for normal functioning of the posterior epithelium occurred as a result of implantation. Conclusions: In this study the results show that implantation of the cells of posterior corneal epithelium of donor cats, multiplied into vitro and injected into the anterior chamber of recipient cats. The cornea regained its full function, the layer of the posterior epithelium was regenerated and the stroma stabilized, presenting the image of full and proper corneal translucency.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fungal keratitis - current diagnosis and therapeutic possibilities
Autorzy:
Prokop, Dominika
Pandey, Ada
Gawlak, Małgorzata
Kuźlik, Bartosz
Czarnacka, Kinga
Kaczmarek, Julia
Alsoubie, Ismael
Chmura-Hołyst, Alicja
Pyza, Aneta
Żaczek, Bartłomiej
Roszkowska, Anna
Pawlicka, Ilona
Piskorz, Agnieszka
Kozak, Maciej
Tematy:
fungal keratitis
anti-fungal treatment
ophthalmic infection
cornea
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Wydawca:
Medical Education
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56309821.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Keratitis and subsequent damage to the cornea resulting from infectious causes is one of the most serious problems facing ophthalmology today. One of the most common etiologies is fungal infection. Symptoms range from pain and visual deterioration, Wessely ring, inflammatory reaction in the anterior chamber or ropost. Diagnosis in addition to the classic medical and ophthalmologic examination consists of microscopic examination of scrapings, Gram examination combined with culture gives a 90% chance of detecting a fungal etiology. Good results are also observed with PCR testing, which helps speed up diagnosis. Treatment is time-consuming and has a high risk of complications. Two techniques are used to treat fungal infections of the cornea, surgical and pharmacological, such as the antifungal polyene antibiotics nystatin, natamycin, amphotericin B or thiazole derivatives like fluconazole and voriconazole. For filamentous fungi, natamycin 5% or voriconazole 1% are used at various intervals. Natamycin, despite the much poorer availability of the drug in countries such as Africa, has much better clinical results along with a lower risk of complications, as confirmed by the MUTT. A big problem also is subsequent bacterial superinfection, leading to the need for topical antibiotics. Surgical treatment is used in case of failure of pharmacotherapy, up to 4 weeks after the diagnosis of the disease, but it carries a high risk of complications. In the early stages of the disease, a new cross-linking technique can be considered, which is described as an alternative to direct antifungal or antibacterial treatment.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Corneal hyper-viscoelastic model: derivations, experiments, and simulations
Autorzy:
Su, P.
Yang, Y.
Song, Y
Tematy:
rogówka
biomechanika
hiperelastyczność
lepkosprężystość
cornea
biomechanics
constitutive model
hyperelastic
viscoelastic
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Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307042.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Purpose: The aim of this study is to propose a method to construct corneal biomechanical model which is the foundation for simulation of corneal microsurgery. Methods: Corneal material has two significant characteristics: hyperelastic and viscoelastic. Firstly, Mooney–Rivlin hyperelastic model of cornea obtained based on stored-energy function can be simplified as a linear equation with two unknown parameters. Then, modified Maxwell viscoelastic model of the cornea, whose analytical form is consistent with the generalized Prony-series model, is proposed from the perspective of material mechanics. Results: Parameters of the model are determined by the uniaxial tensile tests and the stress-relaxation tests. Corneal material properties are simulated to verify the hyper-viscoelastic model and measure the effectiveness of the model in the finite element simulation. On this basis, an in vivo model of the corneal is built. And the simulation of extrusion in vivo cornea shows that the force is roughly nonlinearly increasing with displacement, and it is consistent with the results obtained by extrusion experiment of in vivo cornea. Conlusions: This paper derives a corneal hyper-viscoelastic model to describe the material properties more accurately, and explains the mathematical method for determination of the model parameters. The model is an effective biomechanical model, which can be directly used for simulation of trephine and suture in keratoplasty. Although the corneal hyper-viscoelastic model is taken as the object of study, the method has certain adaptability in biomechanical research of ophthalmology.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dexpanthenol in the treatment of corneal disorders and injuries
Dekspantenol w leczeniu schorzeń i urazów rogówki
Autorzy:
Szumny, Dorota
Misiuk-Hojło, Marta
Tematy:
dexpanthenol
cornea
disease
injury
treatment
dekspantenol
rogówka
choroba
uraz
leczenie
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Medical Education
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159014.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Dexpanthenol - a precursor to vitamin B5 - is a compound of natural origin that has a long-known beneficial effect on skin and mucous membrane hydration and epithelial healing. Its anti-inflammatory activity is also used in treatment. Its effects on superficial tissues have been observed in numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, but the exact mechanism of action has not yet been understood. In ophthalmology, dexpanthenol is a well-known and widely used drug in patients with acute and chronic diseases of the ocular surface, as well as for treating the sequelae of corneal injuries.
Dekspantenol – prekursor witaminy B5 – jest związkiem pochodzenia naturalnego, który ma znany od dawna dobroczynny wpływ na nawilżenie skóry i błon śluzowych oraz na gojenie się nabłonków. W leczeniu wykorzystuje się również jego aktywność przeciwzapalną. Wpływ dekspantenolu na tkanki powierzchowne był obserwowany w licznych badaniach in vitro i in vivo, jednak dokładny mechanizm działania nie został do tej pory poznany. W okulistyce dekspantenol jest znanym i szeroko stosowanym lekiem u pacjentów z ostrymi i przewlekłymi chorobami powierzchni oka oraz następstwami urazów rogówki.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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