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Wyszukujesz frazę "crises" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
The economic crises of XX and XXI centuries in the world and in Poland
Kryzysy gospodarcze XX i XXI wieku na świecie i w Polsce
Autorzy:
Kolasa, Anna
Opis:
Economic crises are the phenomenon's that awake interest ever since their regular occurrence has been observed. Initially, it was collapses associated with the forces of nature, but over time turned into a phenomenon independent from nature, but caused by people themselves. People both unaware of the seriousness of their actions, as well as the more influential part of society, whose action are directly translate into the decisions of others, and thus change the situation in the economy.The object of this study is to analyze the economic crises that took place in the twentieth and twenty-first century in the world and in Poland in terms of their causes and course. The first section includes an explanation of the essence of crises and the evolution of their causes. The second chapter is devoted to refractions that occurred in the twentieth century. Another part of the paper provides an analysis of crises that took place in the twenty-first century, including those caused by failures of companies and banks. Analysis of breakdowns that hit the Polish economy is located in the last part of the work.
Kryzysy gospodarcze są to zjawiska budzące zainteresowanie odkąd tylko zaobserwowano ich cykliczne występowanie. Początkowo były to załamania związane z siłami natury, z czasem jednak przerodziły się w zjawiska niezależne od przyrody, lecz powodowane przez samych ludzi. Zarówno tych nieświadomych powagi swoich działań, jak również tej bardziej wpływowej części społeczeństwa, której działania bezpośrednio przekładały się na decyzje innych i co za tym idzie na sytuację w gospodarce.Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza kryzysów gospodarczych, jakie miały miejsce w XX i XXI wieku na świecie i w Polsce pod względem ich przyczyn i przebiegu. W rozdziale pierwszym znajduje się wyjaśnienie istoty kryzysów i ewolucja ich przyczyn. Drugi rozdział poświęcony został załamaniom, które wystąpiły w XX wieku. Kolejna część pracy zawiera analizę kryzysów, jakie miały miejsce w wieku XXI, w tym również tych spowodowanych przez upadki przedsiębiorstw i banków. Analiza załamań, jakie nawiedziły polską gospodarkę znalazła się w ostatniej części pracy.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Inne
Tytuł:
Errare humanum est, but Sometimes Costs are Extremely High. The Biggest Constructional Catastrophe in Polish History: The Collapsed Building in Chorzow-Katowice
Autorzy:
Chmielewski, Piotr
Tematy:
catastrophe
crises
crises management
institutional rules
institutional failure
new institutionalism
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1930161.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The paper approaches the biggest constructional catastrophe in Polish history. Article focuses on conditions and causes of crises. Conditions refer to: biophysical factors, natural and technical ones, different institutional rules acting in variable spheres of life, as well as various characteristics of community. All of them create context of actions of human beings. Those conditions combined with intentional, rationally bounded and opportunistic individual, transform into causes of social events (positive and negative). Catastrophe in Chorzo´w-Katowice was a result of all of those elements mentioned above. New institutional approach used in this paper seems to be the most productive to explain and understand different social crises.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of financial crisis on world economy
Wpływ kryzysów finansowych na gospodarkę światową
Autorzy:
Borzęcki, Wojciech
Opis:
Crises accompanied mankind for a long time, their influence on the economy is significant, often the most affected are ordinary, small entrepreneurs and workers. Increasing globalization has a huge impact on the spread of the crisis leads to the fact that the effects of the collapse worsens, because the increased integration and interdependence between the economies causes so called contagion effect, leading to the rapid spread of the crisis to other economies. This paper presents the basic concepts associated with the development of the crisis as well as shown the causes, consequences and ways to fight economic collapse.
Kryzysy towarzyszą ludzkości od bardzo dawna ich wpływy na gospodarkę są znaczące, często najbardziej poszkodowanymi są zwykli, mali przedsiębiorcy oraz robotnicy. Postępująca globalizacja mająca ogromny wpływ na rozpowszechnianie się kryzysu doprowadza do tego, że skutki załamania się nasilają, ponieważ zwiększona integracja oraz współzależność między gospodarkami powoduje powstawanie tzw. efektu zarażenia, doprowadzając tym do szybkiego rozpowszechniania się kryzysu na inne gospodarki. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono podstawowe pojęcia związane z powstawaniem kryzysu jak również ukazano przyczyny, skutki oraz sposoby walki z załamaniem gospodarczym.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Inne
Tytuł:
Development in contemporary times, attitudes, values and time experience versus crises of cohorts after transformation
Dorastanie we współczesności : postawy, wartości i doświadczanie czasu a kryzysy rozwoju pokolenia po transformacji
Autorzy:
Kubacka-Jasiecka, Dorota
Passowicz, Piotr
Opis:
The paper takes on the subject of adolescence and maturation in modern times; times of rapid, constantly accelerating changes in the surrounding reality. It focuses specifically on the way in which generations of youths and young adults (i.e. generations “Z” and “Y”) experience the perspective of time and their attitudes to life. The onslaught of changes along with the pervasive stress, anxiety and disorientation penetrating into personal and specific type of personalities, largely immature social attitudes and value systems. These theses are supported by preliminary results of author’s own empirical research presented in the paper.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Homo civitatis
Autorzy:
Czerny, Janusz
Tematy:
culture
civilization
development
crises
new technology
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158557.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The following time became a New kind of life In the XXI century. Modern people work usually its brain, and not more phyisician like any before. So, nowadays people have different values tnan ever before. People put their stress on technician type of work and they used technician equipment but noe simply tools. Moreover they used usually apparatus and measures onces, so its work has intellectual character. They sit by apparatus or in the studiem, and work spiritual. Moderm people (men) put sress on their intellectual aspects more than ever before. In such situation the education has unsuall meaning all over the World.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From Political Transformation to Europeanization and Democracy in the New European Union Member States: An Attempt to Review Results
Autorzy:
Fiszer, Józef M.
Tematy:
transformation
democratization
Europeanization
European Union
crises
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790883.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This article addresses the arguments in an article in the quarterly Polish Sociological Review, no. 1(193)2016, entitled ‘The Rocky Road of Europeanization in the New Member States: From Democracy to a Second Try at Democratization’ by Attila Ágh, a Hungarian political scientist. In my opinion, Ágh’s interesting article, which looks at political transformation processes, Europeanization, and democratization in new member states of the European Union (i.e., Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia), has certain methodological and factual deficiencies. Moreover, it contains numerous ideas that I believe are debatable and require further empirical research.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Financial and Sovereign Debt Crises: Some Lessons Learned and Those Forgotten
Autorzy:
Reinhart, Carmen M.
Rogoff, Kenneth S.
Tematy:
Financial crises
sovereign debt crises
deleveraging
credit cycles
financial repression
debt restructuring
debt forgiveness
capital controls
austerity
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/565636.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Even after one of the most severe multi-year crises on record in the advanced economies, the received wisdom in policy circles clings to the notion that high-income countries are completely different from their emerging market counterparts. The current phase of the official policy approach is predicated on the assumption that debt sustainability can be achieved through a mix of austerity, forbearance and growth. The claim is that advanced countries do not need to resort to the standard toolkit of emerging markets, including debt restructurings and conversions, higher inflation, capital controls and other forms of financial repression. As we document, this claim is at odds with the historical track record of most advanced economies, where debt restructuring or conversions, financial repression, and a tolerance for higher inflation, or a combination of these were an integral part of the resolution of significant past debt overhangs.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ewolucja systemu gospodarczego Rosji: uwarunkowania, etapy i perspektywy zmian
The evolution of the economic system in Russia: Circumstances, stages and perspectives of change
Autorzy:
Fiedorczuk, Monika
Tematy:
Russia
privatization
ownership structure
state
economic crises
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653183.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The political and economic reforms in Russia since the beginning of the 1990s have made it possible to build a new economic system. Over more than 25 years, this system has evolved under the influence of, among others, economic and financial crises, which resulted in changes in the role of the state, ownership structure and the specificity of the corporate sector. The main goal of the paper is to identify the key elements and features of the economic system in Russia in the specified stages of its evolution and to indicate the perspectives of changes. To achieve this goal, an in-depth analysis was made of the literature and statistical data. The author puts forward the thesis that there are still some premises of the evolution of the economic system in Russia which resulted from the need for structural changes and the exhaustion of the current model of economic growth. However, in the immediate future, the economic system in Russia will not evolve significantly because of the economic stability and the lack of political will to make significant reforms.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nominal exchange rates EUR/GRD and EUR/ITL in the context of leaving the euro zone by Greece and Italy
Autorzy:
Dąbrowska-Gruszczyńska, Katarzyna
Gruszczyński, Marcin
Tematy:
Euro area
Financial crises
Nominal exchange rates
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027266.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Aim/purpose - The aim of this paper is to present two cases of crises in Greece and Italy and to evaluate the shadow exchange rates of hypothetical new currencies (re)introduced after Grexit and Italexit. Design/methodology/approach - Both shadow exchange rates are estimated using speculative pressure index concept that emphasizes the importance of changes in foreign exchange reserves and interest rate differentials in the absence of an independent nominal exchange rate. The research sample covers Greece in 1989-2020 and Italy in 1989-2020. Findings - The research presented the estimation of shadow exchange rates EUR/GRD and EUR/ITL during the euro zone membership period. Leaving the euro area one can expect the following market rates: EUR/GRD 600 and EUR/ITL 1850. That would mean 75% depreciation and 5% appreciation to the current euro parities EUR/GRD 340.75, and EUR/ITL 1936.27, respectively. Research implications/limitations - After potential Grexit Greek authorities could expect significant nominal depreciation of a new currency (or should introduce it with a substantial discount). In the case of Italexit, the new currency would preserve its nominal value. The limitations of the research methodology are: a long period of the analysis covers structural changes of financial markets, crisis events, political factors (e.g., QE programs). Originality/value/contribution - The originality of this approach lies in the combination of two important economic concepts - the idea of shadow exchange rate and the index of speculative pressure. Combined together they help to prepare the methodology of shadow exchange rates evaluation for currencies that are currently in the common currency system (e.g., currency union). These results can help in economic and political discussions on effects of leaving the currency union.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Current incidence of professional burnout among Ukrainian oncologists in Kharkiv
Autorzy:
Böckelmann, Irina
Zavgorodnij, Igor
Litovchenko, Olena
Kapustnyk, Valerij
Krasnoselskyi, Mykola
Zub, Kseniia
Woitha, Ulrike
Gonschor, Cecile
Thielmann, Beatrice
Tematy:
cancer
stress
burnout
physicians
crises
mental health
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23365755.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Objectives Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and the military conflicts in Ukraine suggest that workrelated stressors increased during these crises increases work-related stress reactions. Burnout as a long-term consequence of insufficiently compensated for workloads. The regional prevalence of burnout is particularly high among oncologists. The aim of this study was to assess the current risk of burnout within this group of physicians and to examine gender differences through gender-based analysis. Material and Methods Thirtyseven oncologists (17 men and 20 women aged 46.5±13.6 years [range 26–74 years]) in Kharkiv, Ukraine, participated. The Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey (MBI-GS) questionnaire was used to determine the extent of occupational. Results Gender, age, and work experience had no effect on the following results. Women demonstrated higher scores in emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment of the MBI than men. In contrast, men offered higher cynicism scores. The MBI total score was also higher for the male oncologists. Only 1 person of the total sample had risk of burnout. Conclusions The results showed a high prevalence of burnout symptoms among Ukrainian oncologists without gender differences. From occupational health perspective behavioral and behavior-preventive measures are needed for clinics and oncologists to counteract the burnout symptoms, e.g. exhaustion or cyniscism. Further studies are needed here to examine the effectiveness of these measures.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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