Temat: critical rationalism

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Antropologická téma v sociálnej filozofii kritického racionalizmu
Autorzy:: Cehelník, Marián
Tematy:: Social Philosophy
critical rationalism; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147468.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The work is dealing with the analysis of K. R. Popper ́s philosophical concepcion of critical rationalism. Popper ́s anthropological concepcion can be viewed against the background of two fundamental areas: 1. General methodological and epistemological issues; 2. Sociophilosophical and political issues. Rather than being viewed as a narrow epistemological standpoint, critical rationalism is conceived of as an approach to life and attitude to life with its specific ethical foundation resulting from a moral choise. Popper ́s anthropological conception is a rational conception of survival, based on the idea of criticism.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Shaftesbury as Popperian: critical rationalism before its time? Part I
Autorzy:: Amir, Lydia
Tematy:: humor, critical rationalism, Shaftesbury; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1622088.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Shaftesbury has assigned humor an unparalleled role within philosophy, which maybe encapsulated in the following tenets: (1) ridicule is the test of truth; (2) humor andgood humor have a habilitating function with regard to truth; (3) the most effective criticism is humorous; and (4) humor is the mark of rationality. In the present article, I introduce Shaftesbury's views on ridicule, good humor and humor in order to assessboth the originality and viability of Shaftesbury's contribution. I argue, first, thatShaftesbury's views on ridicule as a test of truth and on good-humor as habilitatingtruth are thoroughly original, but cannot be implemented without adhering to hismetaphysics and epistemology. Second, Shaftesbury's views on humor are only partiallyoriginal, though these can be implemented independently of metaphysical andepistemological assumptions for the greatest benefit of philosophers in general andcritical rationalists in particular. I conclude that not only does Shaftesbury anticipatethe view that critical thinking is the core of rationality, the main principle of the viewknown as critical rationalism associated with the renown 20th century philosopherof science and social philosopher, Karl Popper, but he also offers a viable meansto enhance criticism as rationality by taking into consideration the psychologicalresistance to criticism that Popper acknowledges but refuses to address.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Shaftesbury as Popperian: critical rationalism before its time? Part II
Autorzy:: Amir, Lydia
Tematy:: humor, critical rationalism, Shaftesbury; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1622149.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Shaftesbury has assigned humor an unparalleled role within philosophy, which maybe encapsulated in the following tenets: (1) ridicule is the test of truth; (2) humor andgood humor have a habilitating function with regard to truth; (3) the most effective criticism is humorous; and (4) humor is the mark of rationality. In the present article, I introduce Shaftesbury’s views on ridicule, good humor and humor in order to assessboth the originality and viability of Shaftesbury’s contribution. I argue, first, that Shaftesbury’s views on ridicule as a test of truth and on good-humor as habilitating truth are thoroughly original, but cannot be implemented without adhering to his metaphysics and epistemology. Second, Shaftesbury’s views on humor are only partially original, though these can be implemented independently of metaphysical and epistemological assumptions for the greatest benefit of philosophers in general andcritical rationalists in particular. I conclude that not only does Shaftesbury anticipate the view that critical thinking is the core of rationality, the main principle of the view known as critical rationalism associated with the renown 20th century philosopher of science and social philosopher, Karl Popper, but he also offers a viable means to enhance criticism as rationality by taking into consideration the psychological resistance to criticism that Popper acknowledges but refuses to address.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Kontrowersyjność antynaturalizmu w racjonalizmie krytycznym
Antinaturalism Controversy in Critical Rationalism
Autorzy:: Hajduk, Zygmunt
Tematy:: antynaturalizm
racjonalizm krytyczny
antinaturalism
critical rationalism; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015767.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The paper demonstrates the actual in critical rationalism naturalism – antinaturalism opposition. It is aimed at showing diagnoses of the recent discussion and critique of some classical conceptions of this opposition and possible application especially to social sciences philosophy. Current work on consolidation of the disciplinary synthesis of internalist history and philosophy of science as a response to criticisms of logical reconstructivism may take philosophy of science including philosophy of social sciences in new directions.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: The Possibilities of Employing the Paradigm of Coincidence in Contemporary Political Science Research
Możliwości wykorzystania paradygmatu koincydencji we współczesnych badaniach politologicznych
Autorzy:: Młyńczyk, Łukasz
Tematy:: empirical methodology
coincidence
paradigm
critical rationalism
meta-activity; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2167530.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Explaining a political phenomenon is not to be viewed as a multi-variant function but rather a comprehensive research tool ensuring adequacy (in a broader context – chances of arriving at an explanation) at the expense of universality. The proposed coincidence paradigm provides possibilities of applying explanations seemingly contradictory from the substantive and methodological perspective. The concepts of “meta-activity” and “quasi-expert” are used for the sake of explaining the criteria ensuring development of a political science research tool composed of multiple elements. At the core of deliberations lies broadly-defined exemplification of the dispute between normative and empirical methodology.
Wyjaśnienie zjawiska politycznego jest nie tyle funkcją wielowariantową, lecz wieloelementowym narzędziem badawczym, które gwarantuje adekwatność (w szerszym kontekście chodzi o szanse wyjaśnienia) kosztem uniwersalności. Proponowany paradygmat koincydencji dostarcza możliwości aplikacji wyjaśnień, które pozornie pozostają ze sobą w sprzeczności merytorycznej oraz metodologicznej. Poprzez pojęcia „metaaktywności” oraz „ quasi-eksperta” zostają wyjaśnione kryteria, które gwarantują powstanie wieloelementowego narzędzia badawczego w naukach politycznych. Podstawą rozważań jest szeroko rozumiana egzemplifikacja sporu pomiędzy metodologią normatywną oraz empiryczną.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Il razionalismo critico come codice etico della ricerca scientifica
Autorzy:: Campa, Riccardo
Opis:: C'è un aspetto della dottrina di Karl Popper che potrebbe tornare di grande attualità ora che è momento di grandi decisioni nel campo della ricerca scientifica e delle sue applicazioni: l'attenzione alla dimensione etica della scienza. La comunità scientifica, per funzionare, non necessita solo di efficaci metodi e tecniche di ricerca, ma anche di uno specifico corpus normativo di carattere morale. La forma di razionalismo critico elaborata dal filosofo austriaco ha il merito di contenere norme che sono insieme etiche e metodologiche. Questa duplicità è stata vista da alcuni come un limite dell'approccio popperiano, dato che l'ideale dell'epistemologia è individuare norme tecniche pure che guidino a nuove conquiste scientifiche, libere da qualsiasi scoria ideologica. Tuttavia, alla luce degli studi sociologici di Robert K. Merton, la duplicità etico-tecnica delle norme metascientifiche può essere interpretata come condizione ineliminabile e quindi la sua codificazione può essere vista come indice di consapevolezza, piuttosto che di debolezza teorica.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: O racjonalną krytykę racjonalizmu krytycznego - teoria postępu naukowego w ujęciu Popperowskiego racjonalizmu krytycznego
Popper and the theory of scientific progress
Autorzy:: Hanuszewicz, Stanisław
Tematy:: scientific progress
fallibilism
foundationalism
critical rationalism
David Stove
Karl Popper; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Copernicus Center Press
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691237.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: We analyse the position of David C. Stove who accuses Popper, Kuhn, Feyerabend and Lakatos of being irrationalists. We concentrate on the subject whether this accusation is correct as far as Popper is concerned. In Stove's opinion, putting some words - like 'knowledge', 'discovery' or 'solution of a problem' - into quotation marks is irrational because our knowledge constantly grows, and we know more and more. Stove's position should be qualified as a foundationalism. He refuses Popper's fallibilism and, for this reason, cannot accept the view that all our knowledge is tentative and hypothetical. From the critical rationalism point of view, although our knowledge progresses, we are not justified in believing that we possess safe foundations for our knowledge, just because there are no such foundations. This position justifies our putting some success-words into quotation marks. If we accept fallibilism, formulated within framework of critical rationalism, there are good reasons for the neutralization procedure.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Czy zmartwychwstanie Jezusa Chrystusa jest faktem naukowym?
Autorzy:: Przybył, Piotr
Tematy:: Josh McDowell
Michał Heller
critical rationalism
naturalism
popular apology
krytyczny racjonalizm
naturalizm
apologia popularna; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/669347.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The Resurrection of Christ is one of the fundamental dogmas of the Christian faith. Can this event be considered as a scientific fact? This article attempts to answer this question. In this work will be presented popular apology of Josh McDowell which states the opportunity to prove this fact. The different opinion will be shown in ideas of Michael Heller, which speaks of God’s action in the world without compromising methodological naturalism in science.
Zmartwychwstanie Jezusa Chrystusa jest jednym z fundamentalnych dogmatów wiary chrześcijańskiej. Czy to wydarzenie może zostać uznane za fakt naukowy? Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na to pytanie. W pracy tej zostanie przedstawiona apologia popularna Josha McDowella, która stwierdza możliwość udowodnienia tego faktu. Zdanie odmienne zostanie ukazane w poglądach Hellera, który mówi o działaniu Boga w świecie bez naruszania naturalizmu metodologicznego w nauce.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: La pandemia, il ritorno del positivismo e la lezione dimenticata del razionalismo critico
The pandemic, the return of positivism, and the forgotten lesson of critical rationalism
Autorzy:: Campa, Riccardo
Opis:: The Covid-19 epidemic was accompanied by the resurgence of a positivist mentality. The idea that science is a human enterprise and, therefore, a fallible one seems to have suddenly disappeared from public discourse. In the second half of the twentieth century, positivism seemed out of fashion, while so-called "critical rationalism" had become the dominant paradigm. The situation now seems to be reversed. Faced with a largely unknown phenomenon, physicians and biologists presented their theories as definitive and unappealable truths. Anyone - even experts - who raised doubts about the plausibility of these theories or the effectiveness of the remedies imposed by the political authorities was immediately censored. This article proposes a reconsideration of critical rationalism, presenting it as a form of gnoseological fallibilism and a forgotten lesson of history. The most famous representative of this epistemological approach is perhaps Karl Popper, whose ideas I will briefly touch upon. However, I will focus above all on Gaston Bachelard's philosophical thought, to show that critical rationalism is not the theory of a single scholar, but a broad cultural movement that has emerged both in the Anglosphere and in the areas of the Romance languages. Besides, Bachelard's thought is important because it anticipates themes and ways of analysis of the sociology of science. Indeed, it shows how the cumbersome presence of economic interests in the world of contemporary science constitutes an epistemological obstacle and not simply an ethical problem. This is crucial to understand the response of political institutions, the media, and common citizens to the pandemic emergency.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Common Sense in Science
Autorzy:: Przybył, Piotr
Tematy:: common sense
science
philosophy
Michał Heller
critical rationalism
zdrowy rozsądek
nauka
filozofia
krytyczny racjonalizm; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/426765.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Common sense is an ability common to all people and it is related to right judges based on correct perception. These elements are very important in science too, so common sense could be a universal method of dialog among different disciplines. Critical rationalism of Karl Popper, as a method of verification theories, is a reflection about human perception, it is the way to know the truth and it is objective judging. Polish philosopher Michał Heller points out a characteristics which are necessary to be a good scientist and philosopher: self‑criticism, objectivism, and discipline in thinking etc., which are common with Popper’s idea. The aim of this article is to show that Heller’s critical rationalism is commonsensical way of practicing science and philosophy.
Zdrowy rozsądek jest zdolnością wspólną dla wszystkich ludzi i jest związany z właściwymi sądami opartymi na poprawnym poznaniu. Te elementy są również bardzo ważne w nauce, więc zdrowy rozsądek może być uniwersalną metodą dialogu pomiędzy różnymi dyscyplinami. Krytyczny racjonalizm Karla Poppera jako metoda weryfikacji teorii jest refleksją nad ludzkim poznaniem, sposobem poznawania prawdy i obiektywnym osądzaniem. Polski filozof Michał Heller wskazuje kilka cech charakteru, które są konieczne, by być dobrym naukowcem lub filozofem i które są wspólne z ideą Poppera: samokrytycyzm, obiektywizm, dyscyplina w myśleniu itd. Celem tego artykułu jest pokazanie, że krytyczny racjonalizm Hellera jest zdroworozsądkowym sposobem uprawiania nauki i filozofii.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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