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Wyszukujesz frazę "cycle" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
ARE THERE TWO TYPES OF BUSINESS CYCLES? A NOTE ON CRISIS DETECTION
Autorzy:
Pater, Robert
Tematy:
business cycle
growth cycle
classical cycle
unobserved components
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Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599483.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Business cycles are highly irregular fluctuations in economic activity. This article attempts to determine whether there are some properties of business cycles that can make them look more regular. This is done by analysing business cycle dynamics, especially by employing and adjusting to contemporary business cycle analysis the theories of growth cycles and classical cycles. The non-homogeneity of business cycles is surveyed in theory and practice with use of ad hoc filtering, spectral analysis and unobserved components models. With their use business cycles are extracted. Several macroeconomic indicators for 32 economies are analysed to draw up additional characteristics of contemporary business cycles. The author proposes that fluctuations in economic activity lasting 8-19 quarters should be called ‘growth cycles’ and those lasting 20-40 quarters – ‘classical cycles’. The value added of this article is the consideration of the two different type of cycles in light of the same methods of extraction, while to date they have been thought of as the ones that can be analysed with use of different methods of extraction. Another innovation is comparison of the cyclicality of different macroeconomic indicators from the point of view of the two types of cycles, while to date they have been analysed in the light of a single business cycle. In the article it is shown that dividing business cycles into such defined classical cycles and growth cycles enables us to understand the differences between the cyclicality of various macroeconomic aggregates and countries. It also enables us to distinguish between smaller downturns and severe recessions. Another conclusion is that the duration of contemporary business cycles around the world closes in a range of 2 to 10 years.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A systematic literature review on business cycle approaches: Measurement, nature, duration
Autorzy:
Pu, Zhongmin
Fan, Xuecheng
Xu, Zeshui
Skare, Marinko
Tematy:
business cycle
business cycle approach
business cycle model
business cycle measurement
literature review
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Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19908376.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Research background: The business cycle (BC) approaches have found extensive use in economic analysis and forecasting. Especially in the last 40 years, various modern BC models have been proposed and have experienced rapid development. However, there are no recent studies that provide a systematic review of the publications on this topic. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to comprehensively review publications of BC approaches based on the cause, nature and methods of measurement BC, with the goal of identifying the current research states, research gaps and future trends of BC approaches. Methods: A systematic literature review of BC approaches is conducted by qualitatively introducing the cause and the nature of BCs and quantitatively analyzing the methods of measurement BCs.  We selected 206 articles related to BC approaches from the WoS Core Collection and Google Scholar database, spanning the years 1946 to 2022, for comprehensive statistical and content analysis. The statistical analysis presents the distribution of publication years, the most popular journals and the highly cited publications. The content analysis classifies the selected publications into 6 categories based on methods of measurement BCs, and the theory, technique and applications of each category are analyzed in detail. Findings & value added: The analysis results indicate that BC approaches have progressively evolved in sophistication and have found widespread application in decomposing trends within economic time series, quantifying the nature of business cycles, and elucidating the causes and transmission mechanisms underlying them. This review paper provides current states, research challenges and future directions in effectively employing BC approaches for empirical study.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On an improvement of Carnot-like cycles devoted to turbines with isothermal expansion
Autorzy:
Kraszewski, B.
Tematy:
isothermal turbine expansion
ericsson cycle
open gas cycle
organic cycle
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175360.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This paper presents a novel, procedure of calculations of simple thermodynamic cycles with the main isothermal expansion process. Calculation assumptions are based on the use of technologically advanced flow devices. Firstly the theoretical Ericsson cycle with description of isothermal process has been presented. Then the calculations for open gas cycle with external combustion chamber, realising Ericsson cycle with upper temperature of 1473 K were carried out, showing the possibilities of turbines with isothermal expansion and achieving record-breaking efficiency. The use of isothermal compression has also been considered. The second, supercritical cycle with organic medium and condensation process also shows predispositions to achieve record-high efficiency at upper cycle temperature of 573 K. For both cycles, graphs of linearized thermodynamic transformations were made as well as graphs of efficiency dependence on the pressure. At the end, unit work of turbines in cycles has been compared and discussed.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Higher education in Poland in the years 2006-2014
Autorzy:
Król, Marcin
Tematy:
higher education
first degree
second cycle
cycle program
third cycle
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Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189868.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This article will be described higher education in Poland. It will be described three-cycle structure of study. The rest of this article will be shown in the form of graphs the number of people studying.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Decomposing complete 3-uniform hypergraph $K_n^{(3)}$ into 7-cycles
Autorzy:
Meihua, -
Guan, Meiling
Jirimutu, -
Tematy:
uniform hypergraph
7-cycle
cycle decomposition
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Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397516.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
We use the Katona-Kierstead definition of a Hamiltonian cycle in a uniform hypergraph. A decomposition of complete k-uniform hypergraph $K_n^{(k)}$ into Hamiltonian cycles was studied by Bailey-Stevens and Meszka-Rosa. For $ n \equiv 2,4, 5 (mod 6)$, we design an algorithm for decomposing the complete 3-uniform hypergraphs into Hamiltonian cycles by using the method of edge-partition. A decomposition of $ K_n^{(3)}$ into 5-cycles has been presented for all admissible $ n \leq 17$, and for all $n = 4^m + 1$ when $m$ is a positive integer. In general, the existence of a decomposition into 5-cycles remains open. In this paper, we show if $42 | (n — 1)(n — 2)$ and if there exist $\lambda = (n-1)(n-2)/42$ sequences $(k_{i0}, k_{i1},…..,k_{i6})$ on $D_{\text{all}}(n)$, then $K_n^{(3)}$ can be decomposed into 7-cycles. We use the method of edge-partition and cycle sequence. We find a decomposition of $K_{37}^{(3)}$ and $K_{43}^{(3)}$ into 7-cycles.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Minimal cycle bases of the lexicographic product of graphs
Autorzy:
Jaradat, M.
Tematy:
cycle space
lexicographic product
cycle basis
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Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/743317.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
A construction of minimum cycle bases of the lexicographic product of graphs is presented. Moreover, the length of a longest cycle of a minimal cycle basis is determined.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Violaxanthin and diadinoxanthin de-epoxidation in various model lipid systems
Autorzy:
Latowski, Dariusz
Goss, Reimund
Bojko, Monika
Strzałka, Kazimierz
Tematy:
lipids
de-epoxidation
diadinoxanthin cycle
violaxanthin cycle
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Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039787.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The xanthophyll cycle is an important photoprotective process functioning in plants. One of its forms, the violaxanthin (Vx) cycle, involves interconversion between: Vx, antheraxanthin (Ax) and zeaxanthin (Zx). Another kind of the xanthophyll cycle is the diadinoxanthin (Ddx) cycle in which interconversion between Ddx and diatoxanthin (Dtx) occurs. In this study an information on molecular mechanism and regulation of these two types of the xanthophyll cycle is presented. The influence of lipids on the de-epoxidation of the xanthophyll cycle pigments was investigated, with special focus put on the significance of physical properties of the aggregates formed by inverted lipid micelles, which are necessary for activity of the xanthophyll cycle enzymes. In particular, thickness of the hydrophobic fraction of the aggregates, size of the inverted micelles, suggested by mathematical description of the structures and solubility of Vx and Ddx in various kind of lipids were studied. Obtained results show that the rate of de-epoxidation is strongly dependent on the physicochemical properties of the lipids used. The key role for enzyme activation play non-bilayer lipids and the parameters of inverted micelles such as thickness, fluidity of hydrophobic core and their diameter. The presented results show that MGDG and other non-lamellar lipids like different forms of phosphatidylethanolamine are necessary for the Vx and Ddx de-epoxidation because they provide the three-dimensional structures, which are needed for the binding of de-epoxidases and for the accessibility of Vx and Ddx to these enzymes.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vertex-dominating cycles in 2-connected bipartite graphs
Autorzy:
Yamashita, Tomoki
Tematy:
vertex-dominating cycle
dominating cycle
bipartite graph
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Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/743795.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
A cycle C is a vertex-dominating cycle if every vertex is adjacent to some vertex of C. Bondy and Fan [4] showed that if G is a 2-connected graph with δ(G) ≥ 1/3(|V(G)| - 4), then G has a vertex-dominating cycle. In this paper, we prove that if G is a 2-connected bipartite graph with partite sets V₁ and V₂ such that δ(G) ≥ 1/3(max{|V₁|,|V₂|} + 1), then G has a vertex-dominating cycle.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cyclical Properties of the Credit and Production in Selected European Countries - a Comparison of Deterministic and Stochastic Cycle Approach
Autorzy:
Lenart, Ł.
Pipień, M.
Tematy:
almost periodicity
spectral analysis
financial cycle
production cycle
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1029291.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
We develop two nonparametric approaches to analyze the empirical properties of economic cycles. The first approach is based on almost periodically correlated time series commonly used in signal processing. Within this framework we depart from standard scheme of analysis that relies on stationarity assumption. The second approach is based on spectral analysis provided the stationarity assumption of cyclical fluctuations. We contribute to the existing literature in both, theoretical and empirical aspects. From theoretical viewpoint we develop methods of formal statistical inference about the main properties of elements of the economic cycle. In the first approach the testing procedure utilizing subsampling approach is proposed. In the second approach the method of analysis of concentration of the spectral mass is developed. Based on the monthly series of the credit aggregate and the industrial production, taken from selected European countries, we discuss the empirical properties of the credit cycle and we compare them with the production cycle. Our empirical findings show substantial diversity of the credit cycle across analysed countries. Also cyclical component in the credit series is identified much stronger than in case of the series of industrial production. Also the production cycles are much more synchronized across countries compared to the credit cycles.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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