Temat: e-democracy - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Organizational and Legal Mechanism of Public Administration of Functioning and Development of Electronic Consultations
Autorzy:: Yansons, Yanis
Tematy:: e-democracy
e-democracy tools
e-consultation
civil society
public participation; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931343.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The paper presents the results of analysis of the status of organizational and legal mechanism of public administration of electronic consultations (e-consultations) as well as scientific and theoretical substantiation of recommendations to Ukrainian authorities on their improvement. The study of national and international laws in regard to functioning of the mechanism of e-consultations has been conducted to determine positive and negative factors influencing its application. Ways to improve specified mechanism regarding the structure of units of central (regional, local) executive bodies and local governments, legal normative acts concerning e-consultations and participation of public councils in the process of e-consultations have been offered. The main shortcomings of the organizational and legal mechanism of public administration of national e-consultations have been identified, including: low 36 Yanis Yansons quality of e-consultations; unwillingness of the subjects of power to allow the civil society to have a real impact on state affairs, lack of responsibility for ignoring the law in regard to organization and conduct of e-consultations, distrust of the authorities and “digital inequality” etc. Based on the analysis of international experience in implementing the tool of e-consultations, ways to improve the procedure for its implementation in Ukraine, changes to national laws and recommendations to central (regional, local) executive bodies and local governments, public councils and the civil society to improve the organizational and legal mechanism managing tool of econsultations implementation, operation and development.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Development of electronic petition tools in Ukraine based on international experience
Autorzy:: Yansons, Yanis
Tematy:: e-democracy
e-democracy tools
e-appeals
e-petitions
organizational and legal mechanism; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933285.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The purpose of the article is to analyze the public administration mechanisms of electronic petitions (e-petitions), scientific and theoretical justification of recommendations to Ukrainian authorities on their improvement. The paper analyzes the approaches to defining the essence of the concepts of individual and collective e-petitions. The mechanisms of e-appeals (e-petitions) at the national and local levels have been studied. A comparison of the mechanisms of formation and submission of e-petitions in the Ukrainian legislation has been made. It is proposed to improve the interaction of national and local levels by redirecting petitions from local authorities to national executive bodies. The main shortcomings of the existing mechanism of public administration of e-petitions at the national level have been identified. In the process of analyzing the shortcomings of the organizational and legal mechanism, foreign experience and its possibility use in Ukraine were taken into account. Considering the identified shortcomings should further increase the level of civil society involvement in public administration of public affairs and, as a consequence, accelerate the democratization of Ukrainian society and Ukraine as a full member of the European community. In order to assess the level of availability of the electronic individual petitions tool, a study of the official web resources of central and local executive bodies was conducted and ways to improve the practical implementation of the e-petition tool in order to increase its accessibility were identified. The main identified shortcomings are: staffing issues (personnel quality); accessibility and transparency of e-democracy tools for citizens; lack of a unified approach to the implementation of e-appeals (petitions); lack of bottom-up redirection mechanisms; low civil society awareness of public authorities’ responsibilities and powers; lack of mechanisms for imperative execution of e-petitions, etc. Based on the analysis of international experience of implementation of e-appeals (e-petitions), the ways to improve national legislation have been proposed and the recommendations for central authorities, local governments and civil society organizations have been developed to improve the organizational and legal mechanism of public administration of e-democracy tools (electronic individual and collective petitions). The main ones are as follows: amendments to a number of legislative acts, including the conceptual and strategic level; taking into account the imperative implementation of e-petitions; actualization of the issue of administrative and criminal liability for non-compliance with the requirements of the legislation regarding the implementation of e-petitions.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Polish e-democracy: legal state of affairs
Autorzy:: Matusiak, Justyna
Tematy:: E-democracy
e-voting
Poland 21st century
Polish e-democracy: legal state of affairs; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819126.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: One of the elements upon which e-Government is based is electronic democracy. It stands for a broad range of activities engaging citizens in state matters. In Poland, it is difficult to find examples of such activities whether in the area of e-Voting, e-Engagement, e-Controllership, or e-Consultation. This is due to many reasons, one of which may be errors committed by the legislator, and upheld by it, with respect to the conceptual framework related to the e-Government, as well as the conceptual framework used in acts of law, while another reason may be the legislative quality of some of them. The phenomenon which raises the highest concern, however, is the fact that the initiatives that are undertaken, usually at local, not central, level, arouse very little interest among citizens, who do not trust public administrative authorities providing the solutions to question. By way of illustration, the paper presents local solutions related to electronic voting, and central solutions related to public information. Due to the scarcity of solutions and their often questionable quality, it is hard to say that in Poland electronic democracy solutions are well developed and shaped.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Demokracja Bezpośrednia. Od antycznych korzeni do demokracji elektronicznej
Patricipatory democracy. Since ancient to e-democracy.
Autorzy:: Kuzior, Aleksandra
Opis:: Praca ta ma na celu zgłębienie procesu zmian znaczenia demokracji, a szczególnie demokracji bezpośredniej od starożytności do dzisiejszych czasów.
This work aims to explore research problems, which democracy, exacly patricipatory democracy to move on since ancient to e-democracy.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

Inne

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Reinventing Democracy in a Postcolonial State: E-Democracy and the National Assembly in Nigeria
Autorzy:: Okeke, Remi Chukwudi
Izueke, Edwin Caleb
Tematy:: Democracy
Reinventing Democracy
Postcolonial State
E-Democracy
National Assembly
Nigeria; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192992.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This study adopts the concept of reinventing democracy to refocus attention on the theoretical framework of postcoloniality (in the humanities and social sciences). The study further highlights the eminent position of e-democracy in the current formations for moving contemporary society forward. In examining these issues, a case-study of the National Assembly in Nigeria has been made. We found that in this country, there seems to exist a sacrosanct brand of legislative institutionalism, which contradicts the current global revolution in information and communications technology (ICT). In the process, some level of immobility is introduced to critically desired service delivery in the country and attempts are made by the people’s representatives (of all people) to turn the nation into a colony of mere patriotic listeners. The study concludes that the postcolony must not convert to such a society of the underclass. A complementary concept of e-democracy is e-government. Further embedded in e-government are the dual components of e-readiness and e-participation. We found that this nation’s National Assembly appears to be deficient in e-readiness. The legislative body seems distrusful of e-participation. The study finally recommends that the rights of the citizens under e-democracy must be safeguarded by the central lawmakers, as it would guarantee the crucially expected reinvention of democracy, in such democracy-needy nation-states.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: The influence of ICT on modern democracy. Selected dilemmas of electronic democracy
Autorzy:: Musiał-Karg, Magdalena
Tematy:: electronic democracy
e-democracy
ICT
e-participation
demokracja elektroniczna
e-demokracja
e-partycypacja; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/615726.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Ze względu na szybki rozwój technologii informacyjnych i komunikacyjnych we wszystkich dziedzinach życia publicznego, wpływ ICT na demokrację staje się w ostatnich latach coraz bardziej popularnym przedmiotem badań wśród przedstawicieli nauki. Zastosowanie nowoczesnych technologii jest bardzo widoczne w gospodarce, edukacji, bankowości, usługach, przejawiając się zarówno w przestrzeni publicznej, jak i prywatnej. ICT są również stosowane w celu ułatwienia/usprawnienia procesów zachodzących pomiędzy instytucjami politycznymi, partiami politycznymi i politykami a wyborcami. W życiu politycznym nowoczesne technologie są stosowane zarówno w procesie informowania, w komunikowaniu, jak w procesie wyborczym. W związku z powyższym mówić można o nowym paradygmacie demokracji wspomaganej przez technologie elektroniczne. Obok demokracji rozumianej w tradycyjny sposób, demokracja elektroniczna staje się popularnym pojęciem definiowanym w kategoriach technologii informacyjnych i komunikacyjnych stosowanych w celu zwiększenia udziału obywateli w procesach demokratycznych. Głównym celem rozważań podjętych w niniejszym tekście jest odpowiedź na pytanie dotyczące najważniejszych dylematów związanych z e-demokracją oraz wybranych wyzwań pojawiających się w związku z tą nową formułą sprawowania władzy. Wywód prowadzony jest w kontekście wpływu ICT na zasady demokratyczne, jak i na udział obywateli w demokratycznym procesie decyzyjnym. Podstawą teoretyczną do analizy są ujęcia e demokracji sformułowane przez następujących badaczy: Tero Päivärinta i Øystein Saebo, Joachim Åström i Jan A. G. M. van Dijk. Artykuł podzielono na kilka części: pierwsza dotyczy zdefiniowania demokracji elektronicznej i jej modeli, druga część poświęcona została kwestiom uczestnictwa wspieranego przez ICT, a w trzeciej części rozważań podniesiono zagadnienie różnych dylematów i wyzwań pojawiających się związku z nowymi możliwościami e-demokracji.
Due to rapid development of Information and Communication Technologies in all areas of public life, the influence of ICT on democracy has been becoming over the last years an increasingly popular research subject. Application of modern technologies influences work, education, trade, services and social relations on the professional, public and private space. ICTs are also applied to facilitate (and adapt technologically) processes that occur between political institutions, political parties and politicians – and voters. ICTs are increasingly applied in providing information and communications, as well as in elections. Taking all this into consideration, one can speak about a new paradigm of democracyassisted by electronic technologies. Next to traditional democracy, electronic democracy is becoming a popular concept defined in terms of information and communication technologies applied in order to increase citizen participation in democratic processes, both as concerns the quantity and the form of actual impact exerted by individuals on public institutions. The main objective of this study is to answer questions about the most important dilemmas related to e-democracy, and the most frequent concerns, and thereby challenges, posed by this new form of governance. These considerations are conducted in the context of the analysis of the influence of ICT on democratic principles, as well as citizen participation. The theoretical foundation for the analysis is provided by the theories by Tero Päivärinta and Øystein Sæbø, Joachim Åström, and Jan A. G. M. van Dijk. The paper is divided into several parts: the first one discusses the character of electronic democracy and its models, the second concerns the issue of ICT-assisted participation, and the third is devoted to the different dilemmas and challenges posed by electronic democracy.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: The Theory and Practice of Online Voting. The Case of Estonia (selected issues)
Głosowanie internetowe w ujęciu teoretycznym i praktycznym. Przykład Estonii (wybrane zagadnienia)
Autorzy:: Musiał-Karg, Magdalena
Tematy:: e-democracy
e-voting
i-voting
turnout
Estonian elections; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2168181.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Electronic voting has attracted much interest recently. One of the European, and perhaps even global leaders in the application of electronic voting procedures into elections is Estonia. The citizens of that small European country have had the possibility of voting online since 2005. The goal of this study is to provide a theoretically focused and empirically grounded analysis of the use of electronic voting (that is one of the instruments of e-democracy) in Estonia. This paper does not intend to cover all the details of the country’s experience with e-voting. Its coverage is limited to providing data on the influence of electronic voting on the final turnout in certain elections in Estonia. This study investigates the consequences of Internet voting in local, national and European parliamentary elections in Estonia. In particular, the analysis aims to determine whether this new form of voting could increase turnout.
Głosowanie elektroniczne wzbudza w ostatnich latach duże zainteresowanie badaczy. Jednym z europejskich, a nawet światowych, liderów w zakresie wykorzystania e-głosowania w procedurach wyborczych jest Estonia. Obywatele tego niewielkiego państwa od 2005 r. mają możliwość głosowania za pośrednictwem internetu przy okazji kolejnych państwowych wyborów. Celem podejmowanych rozważań jest ujęcie teoretyczne i empiryczne wykorzystania głosowania elektronicznego (które jest jednym z instrumentów e-demokracji) w Estonii. Niniejszy tekst nie koncentruje się na wszystkich aspektach związanych z doświadczeniami zastosowania e-voting, a jedynie ogranicza się do analizy danych dotyczących frekwencji w poszczególnych głosowaniach i odpowiedzi na pytanie o konsekwencje zastosowania e-głosowania dla poziomu finalnej partycypacji w wyborach. W szczególności, analiza ma na celu ustalenie, czy nowa forma głosowania może zwiększyć frekwencję wyborczą w kolejnych elekcjach.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: The Application of Internet in Electoral Procedures: a Theoretical Perspective. The Case of e-Voting
Autorzy:: Musiał-Karg, Magdalena
Tematy:: electronic democracy
e-democracy
electronic voting
e-voting
elektroniczna demokracja
e-demokracja
elektroniczne głosowanie; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1595808.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: From the 1970s, the world has been undergoing the so-called “digital revolution”generally understood as the change from the me chanical and electronic technologies tothe high tech, digital ones. The role of ICT has so gained in importance that some theoreticians of democracy speak of the necessity of paradigm changing as regards both the understanding of a democratic system and introdu-cing the notion of electronic democracy(e-democracy). The aim of this text is analyzing the electronic voting (e-voting) as one of important forms of electronic democracy. The article attempts at approaching several research questions. First, what is the impact of ICT on voting procedures? Secondly, what is the essence of electronic voting and what are its main features? Finally, what are the advantage sand fears related to e-voting systems? This paper gives a theoretical overview of the electronic democracy and electronic voting, and demonstrates their essence, characteristics, goals. The author tries to present and critically assess the main drawbacks and problems of the existing e-voting systems.The theoretical considerations framework is based mainly on the concept of electronic democracy created by Martin Hagen. With reference to electronic voting, the author of this article uses definitions as given either by the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, or the Competence Center for Electronic Voting and Participation. She also uses definitions constructed by Andrzej Kaczmarczyk, an e-voting expert.
WYKORZYSTANIE INTERNETU W PROCEDURACH WYBORCZYCH– PERSPEKTYWA TEORETYCZNA.PRZYPADEK ELEKTRONICZNEGO GŁOSOWANIA Od lat 70. XX wieku współczesna cywilizacja ma do czynienia z tzw. rewolucją cyfrową, rozumianą jako przejście od zastosowania rozwiązań mechanicznych i elektronicznychdo najnowszych zaawansowanych technologii informacyjnych i komunikacyjnych. Rola ICT zyskała tak duża wagę, iż niektórzy teoretycy demokracji dostrzegli konieczność zmiany paradygmatu rozumienia systemu demokratycznego, czego efektem było wprowadzenie pojęcia demokracji elektronicznej (e-demokracja). Przedmiotem niniejszego tekstu jest analiza głosowania elektronicznego (e-głosowania) jako jednego z istotnych instrumentów demokracji elektronicznej. Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: Po pierwsze, o wpływ ICT na procedurygłosowania. Po drugie, o istotę głosowania elektronicznego oraz jego główne cechy. Wreszcie, o korzyści i wady związane z wdrożeniem systemów e-głosowania. W tekście dokonano ponadto przeglądu definicji elektronicznej demokracji oraz elektronicznego głosowania, zwracając uwagę na ich istotę, najważniejsze cechy oraz cele. Teoretyczną podstawę prowadzonych rozważań stanowi przede wszystkim (choć nie tylko) koncepcja demokracji elektronicznej sformułowana przez Martina Hagena. W przypadku głosowania elektronicznego, autorka wsparła się definicjami m.in. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance czy Competence Center for Electronic Voting and Participation, czy Andrzeja Kaczmarczyka, zajmującego się m.in. badaniami nad e-głosowaniem.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: The Role of Public Administration Science in Increasing Civic Engagement in Ukraine
Autorzy:: Semenova, Kateryna
Tematy:: e-participation
e-democracy
e-decision making
social capital
civic
education; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931985.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article considers the problems of scientific comprehension of electronic participation from the point of view of public administration. Attention is paid to the highest form of e-democracy, namely the involvement of citizens in decision-making through ICT. The theoretical and methodological bases of research of electronic participation are defined - its levels, models, directions are analyzed. It is proposed to consider the process of involving citizens not only from a purely technological perspective, but taking into account a wider range of factors. The influence of social factors on the process of public involvement is characterized. Insufficient motivation of the citizens to interact with the government is highlighted as one of the most important obstacles to the development of e-democracy. The leading role in overcoming the existing problems is given to the fundamental science of public administration, whose task is not only to study the features of separated tools of e-participation, but also to determine strategic priorities for involving citizens in decision-making for sustainable development. The main strategy for increasing the interest of citizens in cooperation with the authorities and improving their decision-making skills in the information society is the formation of an efficient system of civic education.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Практичні виклики та реальні потенції е-демократії: український варіант
Practical challenges and real potential of e-democracy: Ukrainian variant
Autorzy:: Денисюк, Світлана
Корнієнко, Валерій
Tematy:: e-democracy,
e-governance,
e-participation,
e-petition,
digital inequality,
information-communication technologies; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489285.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article analyzes the peculiarities and problems of introducing e-democracy in Ukraine. It is noted that separate e-democracy tools, namely, e-reception of the mayor, possibility to submit e-appeals, holding on-line polls etc. have been introduced in many cities of Ukraine. A common e-appeal portal, “e-parliament” have been created, the system of e-petitions has been introduced. The article looks into the development of e-democracy in the context of four components: transparency, accountability, civic education and e-participation. Attention is drawn to the fact that under certain circumstances e democracy may become an imitation of democracy, a technology for manipulation. It is stated that introduction of e-participation tools alone does not guarantee their wide usage by the population, and what is most important – their usage with the aim of causing quality changes in governance. That is why a very important task is to raise the level of civic education with regard to e-democracy. This may be proved by the results of the first year after the introduction of the system of e-petitions to the central bodies of executive power and the single system of local petitions in Ukraine. Many of the submitted petitions either contradicted the norms of Ukrainian legislation or were sent to those bodies of power, which are not competent to solve the issue. The article draws attention to the problem of digital inequality, i.e. the level of Internet access among the citizens of Ukraine. According to different evaluations, form 14 to 26 million people are active Internet users in Ukraine, and from21% to 29% of those constantly visit the sites of the bodies of power and local self-governing. Even though a mass introduction of various electronic services may be observed, it is also necessary to increase the popularity and the level of trust to electronic systems of the society in general as it is one of the least computerized ones in Europe. According to Google data, a bit more than 60% of Ukrainians are Internet-users. The authors insist that for effective e-democracy functioning, it is necessary to strengthen the infrastructural component. The existence of the material and technical base is the necessary condition for the development e-literacy among the population, which, in its turn, will lead to their active participation in e-democracy processes. It is obvious that the citizens of Ukraine cannot effectively use the existing and potential possibilities in the sphere of e-governance unless they have the sufficient competence level and have the access to the information-communication technologies. The article analyzes the situation in which the paradox of creating a “false democracy” arouses, meaning the situation when specialists make an effort to form e-democracy tools and the target group does not know about them, people do not have the necessary competence level for using these resources, there is no interest in using the concrete instruments. So it becomes understandable that attention should be focused on using effective practices of e-democracy functioning, on raising citizen competence and on encouraging them to actively participate in state building through e-democracy, e-participation etc. It has been determined that in case of uniting the efforts of IT-specialists, public activists and representatives of the authorities and business, a complex evaluation of the needs of modern society and effective mechanisms of e-democracy introduction will be received. Internet-technologies have unbelievable possibilities, and searching for like-minded people online and attracting people to common activity (“crowdsourcing”) may become one of effective mechanisms of introduction of e-democracy instruments. One of the best examples of its usage in Ukraine was the so-called “e-Maydan”. A conclusion has been made that the existence of considerable restrictions in Internet access (electronic inequality), low level of interest in e-communication the public bodies of power among Internet-users, lack of competence in e-governance and e-democracy, low level of interest among the citizens to e-communication in general; absence of Internet-platforms for mass deliberation and selection of acute sociopolitical issues etc. are all among the problems of implementation of e-democracy. Transparency, decrease of bureaucracy levels, increasing the efficiency of state institutions etc. should be the results of e-democracy introduction.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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