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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 114
Tytuł:
Environmental Risk. Case studies
Autorzy:
Pawełczyk, Adam
Božek, František
Żuber, Marian
Wydawca:
Czech-Pol Trade, Prague
Opis:
This book presents real cases of the air, water and soil pollution with harmful substances, both toxic and mutagenic, and gives examples of environmental hazards estimation as well as health risk assessment in different exposure scenarios. The described examples include all elements of risk estimation procedure starting from hazard identification, followed by exposure assessment, determination of dose-response relation, risk characterization and ending with uncertainty analysis. The cases aim to help the reader to understand more clearly different calculation methodologies and to carry out the risk assessment in different environments. The book is intended as a selection of the representative hazard cases aimed at students, professionals and other users interested in environmental engineering, environmental chemistry, environmental safety and all areas of environmental science where human health and well-being are involved.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki
Książka
Tytuł:
Content of Heavy Metals in Various Biochar and Assessment Environmental Risk
Autorzy:
Kujawska, Justyna
Tematy:
biochar
heavy metals
environmental risk
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59114112.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Biochar is a product of biomass pyrolysis and has a number of environmentally beneficial uses, but it can also pose risks if not managed properly. These risks are mainly due to the chemical structure of biochar, the content of heavy metals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mobility and environmental risk of heavy metals in biochar produced from plant biomass (BB), municipal solid waste (MSW), compost (C) and coal refuse (CR). Pollution indices were calculated: geo-accumulation index (GAI), ecological risk (Eri), the underlying ecological risk caused by the total pollution (PERI). The total heavy metal concentration is variable and depends on the type of biochar. The results indicate that there is a high risk of cadmium pollution in the environment. The underlying ecological risk caused by the total pollution values indicated that biochar from coal waste was the highest. The results obtained show the importance of mobility analysis in assessing the potential for natural use of biochar.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pharmaceuticals in aquatic environment. Fate and behaviour, ecotoxicology and risk assessment – A review
Autorzy:
Gworek, Barbara
Kijeńska, Marta
Zaborowska, Magdalena
Wrzosek, Justyna
Tokarz, Lidia
Chmielewski, Jarosław
Tematy:
environmental risk
aquatic environment
ecotoxicology
pharmaceuticals
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895480.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Pharmaceuticals are long-lasting, biologically active substances that, when discharged into the natural environment, affect ecosystem stability. The presence of increasing amounts of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products in the environment has been a subject of growing interest. Many of the commonly used pharmaceuticals, especially analgesics and antibiotics, are used in quantities similar to those of agricultural chemicals, but are not required to undergo the same level of environmental risk assessment. The fate and behavior of medicines in the environment require further research. Human and veterinary pharmaceuticals and their metabolites are distributed in the environment in various ways. The incidence of medicines and their transformation products has been so far recorded in surface and ground waters, drinking water, bottom sediments, soils, wastewater and sewage sludge, as well as in animal organisms. The article presents issues related to the fate and behavior of pharmaceuticals both in the environment and in the processes of wastewater treatment, ecotoxicology and risk assessment.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmental Risk - Case Studies
Autorzy:
Pawełczyk, Adam
Božek, František
Żuber, Marian
Wydawca:
Czech-Pol Trade, Prague
Cytata wydawnicza:
A. Pawełczyk, F. Božek, M. Żuber, "Environmental Risk - Case Studies", Czech-Pol Trade, Prague 2018, ISBN 978-80-907124-0-9
Opis:
Environmental risk is actual or potential hazard for living organisms and other elements of the environment that may exhibit adverse effects caused by effluents, emissions and waste materials, arising from human activities. As-sessment of the health risk is a procedure within a scope of the environmental risk assessment. Estimation of the health risk comprises qualitative and quanti-tative evaluation of the human’s exposure to environmental contamination. On this basis probability of manifestation of adverse health effects in a popula-tion is determined. This work deals with the topics of assessment of risk for human health arising from environmental contamination. Procedures of the environmental health risk assessment had been devel-oped in the 1980s as a part of a Federal government effort to clean up land in the United States that was contaminated by hazardous waste and that was identified by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The program was created when Congress Enacted the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). Until that time the primary method of environmental hazard evaluation consisted in comparing the real contamination level with pollutants’ permissible concentrations in the air, water and soil. The highest permissible concentrations of the pollutants in the environment have been set out by the governments of particular countries in order to protect humans from possible exposition to harmful substances found in the air, water and soil. Such an approach however, does not reflect the real health hazard level that the people are facing during their contact with the environment. In fact, the probability of health effects incidences caused by the pollutants depends not only on the arbitrarily adopted permissible concentrations but most of all on the exposure scenarios of the population considered. It is only the full analysis of actual health risk that shows real effects of the polluted environment on hu-mans. This book presents cases of the air, water and soil pollution with harmful substances, both toxic and mutagenic, and gives examples of hazard’s estima-tion as well as health risk assessment in different exposure scenarios. Residen-tial and occupational scenarios are mostly taken into account. They include all elements of the procedure starting from hazard identification, followed by ex-posure assessment, determination of dose-response relation, risk characteriza-tion and ending with uncertainty analysis. Also some recommendations in a concise manner are given aiming at hazard as well as health risk abatement. The presented examples involve real, independent cases that were subjects to governmental grants and commercial projects. The cases aim to help the reader to understand more clearly different calculation methodologies and to carry out the risk assessment in different environments. The work focus are exclusively anthropogenic emissions released as a result of routine commercial businesses, municipal activities as well as technical disasters affecting human health and well-being. It should be stressed that there exist examples of the environmental pollution where, so far, no precise risk assessment is possible due to the lack of necessary data or reliable estimation procedures. Such a case could be contamination with petroleum products which usually constitute a mixture of hundreds chemical compounds of different chemical, physical and toxicological properties. This book is intended as a selection of the representative cases describing risk estimation procedures, aimed at students, professionals and other users interested in disciplines ranging from environmental engineering and environ-mental chemistry to environmental safety and all areas of environmental science where human health and well-being are involved.
This book presents real cases of the air, water and soil pollution with harmful substances, both toxic and mutagenic, and gives examples of environmental hazards estimation as well as health risk assessment in different exposure scenarios. The described examples include all elements of risk estimation procedure starting from hazard identification, followed by exposure assessment, determination of dose-response relation, risk characterization and ending with uncertainty analysis. The cases aim to help the reader to understand more clearly different calculation methodologies and to carry out the risk assessment in different environments. The book is intended as a selection of the representative hazard cases aimed at students, professionals and other users interested in environmental engineering, environmental chemistry, environmental safety and all areas of environmental science where human health and well-being are involved.
Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki
Książka
Tytuł:
Environmental risk factors for bladder cancer
Środowiskowe czynniki ryzyka rozwoju raka pęcherza moczowego
Autorzy:
Menzel, Fryderyk
Drabik, Aleksandra
Hackemer, Paweł
Otlewska, Anna
Pawlas, Krystyna
Tematy:
"bladder cancer"
"environmental risk factors"
"epidemiology"
"etiology"
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035228.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Bladder cancer is a disease characterized by an abnormal growth of cells in the urinary bladder. Potentially, it can infiltrate nearby tissues and metastasize to distant organs. It affects more than 3 million people, with over 430,000 new cases a year. Environmental risk factors have significant impact on the development of bladder cancer, with tobacco smoke being the single most significant risk factor. Arsenic, nitrates, and chlorine in drinking water are also potentially associated with an elevated risk of this disease. In this paper, we review most significant environmental risk factors for primary bladder cancer and analyze prevention methods.
Rak pęcherza moczowego jest schorzeniem charakteryzującym się nieprawidłowym wzrostem komórek w pęcherzu moczowym. Potencjalnie może naciekać okoliczne tkanki i dawać przerzuty do odległych narządów. Rak pęcherza moczowego dotyka ponad 3 miliony ludzi na świecie, a co roku diagnozowanych jest ponad 430 tysięcy nowych przypadków. Środowiskowe czynniki ryzyka mają znaczący wpływ na rozwój raka pęcherza. Dym papierosowy jest czynnikiem ryzyka o największym znaczeniu. Arsen, azotany i związki chloru zawarte w wodzie pitnej są prawdopodobnie związane z podwyższonym ryzykiem raka pęcherza moczowego. Celem tego artykułu jest przegląd środowiskowych czynników ryzyka pierwotnego raka pęcherza moczowego oraz analiza metod zapobiegania.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ecological risk, seasonal and depth variations of toxic elements in a closed landfill in Vietnamese Mekong Delta province
Autorzy:
Giao, Nguyen T.
Nhien, Huynh T.H.
Tematy:
environmental risk
heavy metals
landfill
soil properties
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312657.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The study was carried out to assess ecological risks at the closed landfill in Cai Dau town, Chau Phu district, An Giang province. Soil samples were collected at six locations (S1-S6) at depths of 0-20 cm and 60-80 cm in the rainy season (November 2020) and dry season (March 2021). The soil quality was evaluated using eight heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr and As). The results showed that most monitoring sites had heavy metal contents within the allowable limits for agricultural land of QCVN 03-MT:2015/BTNMT. Some heavy metals have been found to migrate to the soil layer of 60-80 cm. The heavy metals accumulation (Igeo) in the two soil layers did not differ; Ni, Cr, Pb and As accumulated at non-polluting levels - moderate to high in the rainy season, while Cr and As only accumulated in the dry season. The composite pollution index (PLI) indicated that the locations around the landfill were polluted; however, the ecological risk ranged from low to moderate (potential ecological risk index (PERI) = 102-195) in the rainy season. Only about 50% of study sites during the dry season were contaminated and the risk was low (PERI = 44-68). However, the area around the landfill always poses potential risks due to the presence of heavy metals, including Ni, Cr, As and Pb. Monitoring the heavy metals in the surrounding landfill for the potential risks to human health and environment is needed.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ultrasonic Method for Monitoring Environmental Risks Associated with Precipitation
Autorzy:
Gudra, T.
Banasiak, D.
Herman, K.
Opieliński, K.
Tematy:
ultrasonic method
snow layer
monitoring of environmental risk
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176767.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This paper presents a solution that utilises ultrasonic technology to allow monitoring snow layer thickness or water level based on measurement from air. It describes the principle of operation of a measurement device using three methods of compensating for changing external factors affecting appliance’s precision. Block diagram of the device is also provided. In order to verify the proposed solutions, the research team tested the device in laboratory and operating conditions. The results obtained this way make it possible to select a configuration of device operation depending on the required measurement precision and limitations associated with installing the system for actual operation.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zarządzanie ryzykiem środowiskowym i jego znaczenie dla stabilności sektora bankowego
Environmental Risk Management and Its Importance for the Stability of the Banking Sector
Autorzy:
Zioło, Magdalena
Tematy:
ryzyko środowiskowe
bankowość
zarządzanie
environmental risk
banking
management
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/526325.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Celem opracowania jest wskazanie na istotę i znaczenie ryzyka środowiskowego dla stabilności sektora bankowego oraz wykazanie współzależności pomiędzy tymi kategoriami. W artykule zostały zidentyfikowane i poddane ocenie instrumenty zarządzania ryzykiem środowiskowym oraz zostały wskazane sposoby minimalizowania tego ryzyka w sektorze. Zwrócono uwagę na niedoskonałość regulacji w zakresie ryzyka środowiskowego i konsekwencje tego stanu dla stabilności funkcjonowania banków oraz podkreślono potrzebę zmian w tym zakresie. W artykule wykorzystano analizę bibliograficzną do diagnozowania luki badawczej w podjętym przedmiocie rozważań oraz wykazano, że uwzględnienie ryzyka środowiskowego w regulacjach, rekomendacjach, zaleceniach i procedurach bankowych, zwłaszcza dotyczących procesu oceny zdolności kredytowej, minimalizuje ryzyko środowiskowe w bankowości i jego wpływ na wyniki finansowe banków, a w konsekwencji na ich stabilność.
The aim of the study is to identify the nature and importance of environmental risk to the stability and safety of the banking sector and to demonstrate the interdependence between these categories. The tools of environmental risk management have been identified and assessed. Also, the ways of mitigating this risk in the sector have been pointed out. Special attention has been paid to the imperfection of regulations on environmental risks and the consequences of this phenomenon for the stability of banks. Finally, the need for changes in this field has been stressed. The article uses the bibliographical analysis to diagnose the research gap in the existing literature and demonstrates that the inclusion of environmental risk in the regulations, suggestions, recommendations, and banking procedures, in particular in the creditworthiness assessment process, results in minimizing environmental risks in banking and impacts banks’ financial results.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ryzyko środowiskowe i zdrowotne wynikające ze stosowania środków ochrony roślin
Environmental and health risk resulting from applying plant protection products
Autorzy:
Nowak, R.
Włodarczyk-Makuła, M.
Mamzer, E.
Tematy:
ryzyko środowiskowe
ryzyko zdrowotne
pestycydy
environmental risk
health risk
pesticides
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Ochroną Pracy w Katowicach
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/370870.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Środki ochrony roślin, zwane powszechnie pestycydami, stanowią grupę preparatów stosowaną w rolnictwie, ogrodnictwie, leśnictwie, weterynarii, jak również wykorzystywanych do impregnacji materiałów tekstylnych i tworzyw sztucznych. Toksyczność pestycydów wynika z obecności składników biologicznie czynnych, emulgatorów, substancji pomocniczych i wypełniaczy mogących niekorzystnie wpływać na biocenozę środowiska. Dlatego też stosowanie pestycydów wiąże się z ryzykiem środowiskowym i zdrowotnym. W ocenie ryzyka wyróżnia się cztery główne elementy takie jak: identyfikacja ryzyka, ocena zależności dawka-odpowiedź, skala narażenia oraz ogólna charakterystyka ryzyka. Analiza i ocena ryzyka środowiskowego i zdrowotnego jest ważnym czynnikiem we wprowadzaniu preparatów pestycydowych do powszechnego stosowania, dlatego celem niniejszej pracy było przedstawienie aspektów ryzyka związanego ze stosowaniem pestycydów.
Pesticides constitute the group of preparations using in farming, horticulture, forestry, veterinary science, as well as of textile materials used for the impregnation and plastics. The toxicity of pesticides, the presence of biologically active ingredients, emulsifiers, support substances and fillers circles can adversely affect the biocoenosis. Therefore applying pesticides is connected with an environmental risk and health risk. In the risk assessment four main elements are being singled out so as: the identification of the risk, the evaluation of the dose-response relationship, the scale of exposing and an overall description of the risk. Analysis and the evaluation of the environmental and health risk are the single most important factor in inserting pesticidal preparations into universal applying, therefore describing aspects of the connected risk was a purpose of this work with applying pesticides.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 114

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