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Wyszukujesz frazę "essentialism" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Essentialist thinking underlying definitions of genocide
Autorzy:
Mazur, Lucas
Opis:
Over the last several decades, scholars have lamented the lack of a clear definition of genocide, and many have then proposed one of their own in an attempt to fill this gap. The majority of the definitions put forward, and the discomfort from which they arise, express an explicit or implicit attachment to essentialism, the assumption that the definition need reflect, in an unadulterated fashion, the objective reality out in the world. In other words, many take our failure to settle on a single definition of genocide across fields as a sign that we don't yet know what it is. We seem to want to know not so much what genocide means to us and how this construct might be more useful in our attempts to create a better world, but rather, what it really is at its core. In what follows, we will examine our ongoing attachment to essentialist understandings of genocide, some of the problems that arise as a result, how we have attempted to free ourselves from this approach, and how we might go further in doing so.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Esencjalizm i społeczny rekonstrukcjonizm w Indiach
ESSENTIALISM AND SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM IN INDIA
Autorzy:
Pietkiewicz-Pareek, Beata
Tematy:
ESSENTIALISM
SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM
INDIA
PEDAGOGY
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Wydawca:
Akademickie Towarzystwo Andragogiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417688.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
In modern times occurred in India to confront two conceptions of man, two concepts of education: essentialism and reconstructionism. The philosophy of essentialism with the concept of man and the purpose of existence collided with a Reconstructionist-oriented social action and transformation of social and economic life. As stated Brameld, the world and, therefore, India, are at a crossroads. Social struggle takes place between the forces of conservative and progressive forces, represented by the poor people in Third World countries.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Essentialism in Environmental Psychology: Controversies and Evidence
Autorzy:
Lewicka, Maria
Tematy:
essentialism
place
built environment
environmental perception
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Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2124374.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This paper deals with the issue of psychological essentialism as present in environmental studies. The essentialist belief—that is, the assumption that things have a deep essence that defines their stable identity—has been a recurring theme in environmental psychology. In this paper, I show its relevance for such research areas as environmental perception and the concept of place as a meaningful location. I show that essentialism underlies early phenomenological theories of place and is present in contemporary biophilic theories of environmental perception. I discuss relevant theories and present research findings that justify the claim that people are psychological essentialists when dealing with the physical built environment.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Étienne Gilson, Duns Scotus, and Actual Existence: Weighing the Charge of ‘Essentialism’
Autorzy:
Helms, Andrew C.
Tematy:
existentialism
essentialism
actus essendi
Duns Scotus
essences
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Wydawca:
International Étienne Gilson Society
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507703.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Étienne Gilson juxtaposes what he calls Aquinas’s “existentialism” to what he calls Scotus’s “essentialism.” For Gilson, “existentialism” is philosophical truth, the only view compatible with an authentically Christian metaphysic, while “essentialism” is a Hellenic mistake that seduces Christian philosophers by appealing to the idolatrous desire to reduce reality to what is intelligible. In this paper, the author attempts to describe the difference between “essentialism” and “existentialism” as understood by Gilson. Then, he assesses the case for attributing “essentialism” to Scotus, based on an assessment of Scotus texts and secondary scholarship.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Issue of Idealization in The Philosophy of Money by Georg Simmel
Autorzy:
Gołębiewska, Maria
Tematy:
value
essence
essentialism
construction
idea
ideal
idealization
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Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790686.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The main question of the text concerns the status of value in Georg Simmel’s thinking. According toSimmel, values are submitted to “idealization,” which can be considered a kind of “constructed essentialism.”Together with the concept of construction, “constructed essentialism” first appeared implicitly in Kant’s theseson the human rational equipment containing necessary inborn dispositions and, particularly, in his theses ontranscendental schematism. However, it was Fichte and Schelling who applied the term “construction” to thedescription of cognitive processes. In his theses concerning the idealization of values as conventionally accepted,socially and economically constructed relations, Simmel refers to the anthropological, cognitive equipment: tothe human propensity to seek patterns, ideals, and even ideas. Such a formulation of the process of idealizationspreads Simmel’s concept of value dialectically between constructivism and anthropological essentialism.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nature vs. nurture and the flexibility of gender stereotypes: Counterstereotypical information can both diminish and enhance ingroup stereotyping
Autorzy:
Broemer, Philip
Grabowski, Adam
Tematy:
Stereotypes
Essentialism
Social Attribution
Gender Differences
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127339.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The present studies explore how activating concepts pertaining to the origins of interindividual differences affect the processing of stereotypical and counterstereotypical information. The concepts, i.e., nature and nurture, are both assumed to evoke similar stereotypical expectations although nurture implies greater flexibility. The studies show that stereotypical information enhances whereas counterstereotypical information diminishes stereotyping when nurture is activated. In contrast, counterstereotypical evidence challenges what activated nature would suggest and perceivers primed with nature evince stronger stereotyping when they encounter counterstereotypical information. The results also show that priming nature leads perceivers to attribute stereotype conformity to internal causes whereas nurture accredits conformity to situational constraints. Stereotype flexibility is associated with the subjective ease with which perceivers can both imagine counterstereotypical and mentally undo stereotypical evidence.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Essentialism in Zoroastrian boundary construction
Autorzy:
Niechciał, Paulina
Opis:
O artigo examina as tensões no Zoroastrismo contemporâneo, uma das mais antigas religiões do mundo, quanto a quem é um zoroastriano "verdadeiro," o que, para os zoroastrianos, constitui a essência do Zoroastrismo e como as fronteiras coletivas construídas podem ou não ser ultrapassadas. Refletindo sobre diversas percepções entre os zoroastrianos, o artigo demonstra várias formas de essencialismo que são empregadas para marcar as fronteiras ao redor e entre os zoroastrianos. Também reflete sobre como noções essencialistas são usadas, entre outros, para proteger a cultura e a riqueza da comunidade zoroastriana e para evitar a assimilação, ou para expandir suas fronteiras pela inclusão de recém-chegados. O artigo é baseado em dados etnográficos coletados no Congresso Mundial de Zoroastrismo de 2018 em Perth, complementado por trabalho de campo no segundo semestre de 2019 nos EUA.
The article explores tensions in contemporary Zoroastrianism, one of the world’s oldest practiced religions, over who a "real" Zoroastrian is, what, for Zoroastrians, constitutes the essence of Zoroastrianism and how constructed collective boundaries may or may not be crossed. Considering diverse perceptions amongst Zoroastrians, it demonstrates various forms of essentialism that are employed to mark boundaries around and between Zoroastrians. It also reflects how essentialist notions are used, amongst others, to protect the Zoroastrian community’s culture and wealth and to prevent assimilation or expand its boundaries by including newcomers. The article is based on ethnographic data collected at the 2018 World Zoroastrian Congress in Perth, supplemented by fieldwork in the second half of 2019 in the USA.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antyesencjalizm jako założenie antydefinicjonizmu Karla R. Poppera
Antiessentialism as the Presupposition of Karl R. Popper’s Antidefinitionism
Autorzy:
Kublikowski, Robert
Tematy:
antyesencjalizm
esencjalizm
antydefinicjonizm
definicja
antiessentialism
essentialism
antidefinitionism
definition
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Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015634.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The paper aims at reconstructing Karl R. Popper's critical standpoint with regard to essentialism, as antiessentialism is the main presupposition of his antidefinitionism. Popper criticised essentialism for claiming that it is justified to apply the concept of things' essential properties within the procedure of scientific explanation. He argued that the essentialists' ”faith in essence” is not scientific because of the lack of a criterion which would allow us to tell whether a certain definition grasps the essential properties of a given object. He doubted also that it is justified to apply the concept of intellectual intuition to the procedure of scientific explanation. Popper claimed that falsificationism gives a better concept of explanation, than that motivated by essentialism. He was convinced that falsificationism is logically more correct and more appropriately describes the real practice of scientists.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Organiczne pulsowanie lektury: o Poetyce rozkwitania Katarzyny Szopy
Organic Pulsation of Reading: On Poetyka rozkwitania by Katarzyna Szopa
Autorzy:
Chromik, Anna
Tematy:
Irigaray
new material feminism
essentialism
French Feminism
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/534700.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The present text comprehensively discusses a book by Katarzyna Szopa entitled Poetyka rozkwitania. Różnica płciowa w filozofii Luce Irigaray [Poetics of Blossoming. Sexuate Difference in Philosophy of Luce Irigaray]. The author of the article posits the monograph in question within the continuum of contemporary feminist thought and sees it as an instance of redefining essentialism. What, as the author suggests, seems the most worthwhile about Szopa’s book is inscribing Luce Irigaray’s thought in feminist materialism, aside from the literary scholarship of the author adding value to her critical adroitness.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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