Temat: fusion plasma - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Applicability of the dielectric barrier discharge for helium ash measurements in the divertor region
Autorzy:: Książek, I.
Brosławski, A.
Janus, H.
Pawelec, E.
Tematy:: dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)
low pressure discharge
fusion plasma; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148807.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Controlled fusion based on the magnetic confinement of the plasma is one of the main aims of the Eurofusion programme. In the fusion device, the hydrogen isotopes, in nuclear reactions, will produce helium nuclei. The products, as the ash, will be removed from the plasma in the region of the so-called divertor. Controlling the helium to hydrogen ratio in this ‘exhaust gas’ will provide information about the efficiency of the fusion process as well as of the efficiency of the helium removal system. One of the methods to perform this task is to study the properties of the discharge conducted in such exhaust gas. In this paper, the applicability of the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is studied. This preliminary experiment shows a great potential in applicability of this kind of discharge. The optical as well as pulse-height spectra were studied, both revealing very promising properties. In the optical spectrum, one can observe well separated hydrogen and helium spectral lines, with intensities of the same order of magnitude. Moreover, in the registered spectral region, the molecular spectra are negligible. The pulse-height spectra reveal very distinct shape in helium and hydrogen. Checking of this spectrum could provide parallel (redundant) information about the partial pressure of helium in the magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) device exhaust gas.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Characterization of some modern scintillators recommended for use on large fusion facilities in γ-ray spectroscopy and tomographic measurements of γ-emission profiles
Autorzy:: Sibczynski, P.
Broslawski, A.
Gojska, A.
Kiptily, V.
Korolczuk, S.
Kwiatkowski, R.
Mianowski, S.
Moszyński, M.
Rzadkiewicz, J.
Swiderski, L.
Szydlowski, A.
Zychor, I.
Tematy:: gamma spectrometry
scintillators
decay time
non-proportionality
energy resolution
detection efficiency
fusion plasma; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146137.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: LaBr3:Ce,CeBr3 and GAGG:Ce scintillators were investigated and the determined characteristics were compared with those obtained for the well-known and widely used CsI:Tl and NaI:Tl crystals. All the detectors were of the same size of 10 × 10 × 5 mm3. The aim of this test study was to single out scintillation detectors most suitable for γ-ray spectrometry and γ -ray emission radial profile measurements in high-temperature plasma experiments. Decay time, energy resolution, non-proportionality and full energy peak detection efficiency were measured for γ -ray energies up to 1770 keV. Due to their good energy resolution, short decay time and high detection efficiency for MeV gamma rays, LaBr3:Ce and CeBr3 scintillators are proposed as the best candidates for use especially under conditions of high count rates, which are expected in the forthcoming DT experiments.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Laser nuclear fusion: current status, challenges and prospect
Autorzy:: Badziak, J.
Tematy:: laser
plasma
inertial fusion
laser acceleration; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201663.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: In 2009, in Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA, National Ignition Facility (NIF) - the largest thermonuclear fusion device ever made was launched. Its main part is a multi-beam laser whose energy in nanosecond pulse exceeds 1MJ (106 J). Its task is to compress DT fuel to the density over a few thousand times higher than that of solid-state DT and heat it to 100 millions of K degrees. In this case, the process of fuel compression and heating is realized in an indirect way - laser radiation (in UV range) is converted in the so-called hohlraum (1 cm cylinder with a spherical DT pellet inside) into very intense soft X radiation symmetrically illuminating DT pellet. For the first time ever, the fusion device's energetic parameters are sufficient for the achieving the ignition and self-sustained burn of thermonuclear fuel on a scale allowing for the generation of energy far bigger than that delivered to the fuel. The main purpose of the current experimental campaign on NIF is bringing about, within the next two-three years, a controlled thermonuclear 'big bang' in which the fusion energy will exceed the energy delivered by the laser at least ten times. The expected 'big bang' would be the culmination of fifty years of international efforts aiming at demonstrating both physical and technical feasibility of generating, in a controlled way, the energy from nuclear fusion in inertial confined plasma and would pave the way for practical realization of the laser-driven thermonuclear reactor. This paper briefly reviews the basic current concepts of laser fusion and main problems and challenges facing the research community dealing with this field. In particular, the conventional, central hot spot ignition approach to laser fusion is discussed together with the more recent ones - fast ignition, shock ignition and impact ignition fusion. The research projects directed towards building an experimental laser-driven thermonuclear reactor are presented as well.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Dena, a new PF device
Autorzy:: Tafreshi, M. A.
Farrahi, M.
Lamehi, M.
Goudarzi, S.
Habibi, H.
Memarzadeh, M.
Siahpoush, V.
Saeedzadeh, E.
Vinogradov, V. P.
Krauz, V. I.
Krivtsov, V. A.
Karakin, M. A.
Myalton, V. V.
Tykshaev, V. P.
Tematy:: Dena
focus
fusion
neutron
plasma
X-ray; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148836.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: In this paper we are going to introduce “Dena”, a new Filippov type plasma focus facility, with a condenser bank of 0.288 mF, and a maximum supplying energy of 90 kJ (at Vmax= 25 kV). The facility was installed and started to work in the first quarter of the year 2000. Major points of the paper are: – Dena’s construction, functionality, and diagnostic system. – Preliminary results: Different modes of neutron, X-ray, and “hot spot” production, as well as the possibility of controlling operational mode, by changing anode configuration and initial discharge condition.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Diagnostic systems for the nuclear fusion and plasma research in the PF-24 plasma focus laboratory at the IFJ PAN
Autorzy:: Marciniak, Ł.
Wójcik-Gargula, A.
Kulińska, A.
Bielecki, J.
Wiącek, U.
Tematy:: diagnostics for DD fusion products
fast neutron sources
plasma diagnostics
plasma focus
plasma imaging; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147710.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This paper presents a set of diagnostics dedicated to PF-24 – new medium size – plasma focus (PF) device built and operated at the Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences (IFJ PAN). The PF-24 can operate at energy level up to 93 kJ and charging voltage up to 40 kV. Each condenser is connected with a specially designed spark gap with a very small jitter, which ensures a high efficiency and a low current rise time. The working parameters of PF-24 generator make it a suitable tool for testing new detection systems to be used in fusion research. Four types of such detection systems are presented in this article: three diagnostic systems used to measure electric quantities (Rogowski coil, magnetic probe, capacitance probe), neutron counter based on beryllium activation, fast neutron pinhole camera based on small-area BCF-12 plastic scintillation detectors and high-speed four-frame soft X-ray camera with microchannel plate.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Important problems of future thermonuclear reactors
Autorzy:: Sadowski, M. J.
Tematy:: fusion reactions
plasma
tokamak
power plant
thermonuclear reactor; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148654.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This paper concerns important and difficult problems connected with a design and construction of thermonuclear reactors, which have to use nuclear fusion reactions of heavy isotopes of hydrogen, i.e., deuterium (D) and tritium (T). There are described conditions in which such reactions can occur, and different methods of a high-temperature plasma generation, i.e., high-current electrical discharges, intense microwave pulses, and injection of energetic neutral atoms (NBI). There are also presented experimental facilities which can contain hot plasma for an appropriate period, and particularly so-called tokamaks. The second part presents the technical problems which must be solved in order to build a thermonuclear reactor, that might be used for energetic purposes. There are considered problems connected with a choice of constructional materials for a vacuum chamber, its internal parts, external windings generating a magnetic fi eld, and necessary shields. The next part considers the handling of radioactive tritium; the using of alpha particles (4He) for additional heating of plasma; recuperation of hydrogen isotopes absorbed in the tokamak internal parts, and a removal of a helium excess. There is presented a scheme of a future thermonuclear power plant and critical comments on a road map which should enable the construction of an industrial thermonuclear reactor (DEMO).
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Transient plasma loads to the ITER divertor surfaces : simulation experiments with QSPA Kh - 50
Autorzy:: Garkusha, I. E.
Aksenov, N. N.
Chuvilo, A. A.
Landman, I. S.
Makhlaj, V. A.
Malykhin, S. V.
Pugachev, A. T.
Sadowski, M. J.
Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
Tematy:: plasma accelerator
transient loads
tungsten
dust
fusion reactor; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147812.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Experimental simulations of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) transient events with relevant heat load and particle load parameters have been performed with a quasi-stationary plasma accelerator QSPA Kh-50. Pulsed plasma guns PPA and IBIS were also used for comparative studies of surface damages appearing under varying plasma parameters and sorts of plasma ions. Particular attention is paid to the material erosion due to particles ejection from the tungsten surfaces both in the form of droplets and solid dust. Generation mechanisms of the dust in the course of ELM-like plasma impacts to the tungsten surfaces are discussed
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Reconsideration of thermonuclear possibilities of Z-pinches
Autorzy:: Vikhrev, V. V.
Tematy:: fusion burn wave
neutrons
plasma focus
Z-pinch; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147474.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The paper considers the Z-pinch as the basis for future thermonuclear fusion reactors. Experiments on Z-pinches always concern small and high temperature and a high density plasma regions that arise spontaneously in the Z-pinch neck. A burn wave might be initiated in the Z-pinch column if in this small plasma region a Lawson-like condition is fulfilled.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: High Power Laser Laboratory at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion : equipment and preliminary research
Autorzy:: Zaraś-Szydłowska, A.
Badziak, J.
Rosiński, M.
Makowski, J.
Parys, P.
Piotrowski, M.
Ryć, L.
Wołowski, J.
Tematy:: femtosecond pulses
high-power laser
inertial confinement fusion
laser plasma; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146603.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The purpose of this paper is to present the newly-opened High Power Laser Laboratory (HPLL) at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM). This article describes the laser, the main laboratory accessories and the diagnostic instruments. We also present preliminary results of the first experiment on ion and X-ray generation from laser-produced plasma that has been already performed at the HPLL.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Diagnostics and scaling of fusion-produced neutrons in PF experiments
Autorzy:: Schmidt, H.
Tematy:: neutron emission
plasma focus
scaling laws
neutron diagnostics
nuclear fusion; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146622.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Neutrons from a plasma focus (PF) device operated in a deuterium gas, measured as a function of time, location and direction of emission, reveal quite a number of important parameters on fusion reactions occurring in the dense high-current phase of the experiment. In addition the determination of the energy spectra of the emitted neutrons is important for understanding the mechanisms taking place for the neutron production. Results of neutron measurements in large experiments such as the former POSEIDON experiment in Stuttgart and the PF-1000 experiment in Warsaw are presented. The neutron diagnostic methods that had been utilized include nuclear track detectors, plastic scintillators coupled to photomultipliers, activation measurements, time-of-flight methods as well as pinholes for spatial resolution of the neutron source. The well known scaling law according to which the neutron yield scales roughly as the square of the energy input or the fourth power of the current is discussed. Reasons for strong deviation from this law for high energies - known as the saturation effect - are still a subject of debate.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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