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Wyszukujesz frazę "high-resolution computed tomography" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
Tytuł:
The role of artificial intelligence technology analysis of HRCT images in predicting the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia
Autorzy:
Marek, Rajzer
Wiktoria, Wojciechowska
Tadeusz, Popiela
Marek, Klocek
Michał, Terlecki
Robert, Chrzan
Opis:
Introduction: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is usually used only for qualitative analysis of COVID-19 pneumonia. However, when coupled with artificial intelligence (AI) it can also automatically provide quantitative data. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to analyze the role of automatic assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia severity on HRCT images by AI technology. Patients and methods: We retrospectively studied medical records of consecutive patients admitted to the Krakow University Hospital due to COVID-19. Of the 1729 patients, 804 underwent HRCT with automatic analysis of such radiological parameters as absolute inflammation volume, absolute ground glass volume, absolute consolidation volume (ACV), percentage inflammation volume, percentage ground glass volume, percentage consolidation volume (PCV), and severity of pneumonia classified as none, mild, moderate, or critical. Results: The automatically assessed radiological parameters correlated with the clinical parameters that reflected the severity of pneumonia (P <⁠0.05). The patients with critical pneumonia, as compared with mild or moderate one, were more frequently men, had significantly lower oxygen saturation, higher respiratory rate, higher levels of inflammatory markers, as well as more common need for mechanical ventilation and admission to the intensive care unit. They were also more likely to die during hospitalization. Notably, as determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, radiological parameters above or equal to the cutoff points were independently associated with in-hospital mortality (ACV odds ratio [OR], 4.08; 95% CI, 2.62–6.35; PCV OR, 4.05; 95% CI, 2.60–6.30). Conclusions: Using AI to analyze HRCT images is a simple and valuable approach to predict the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Radiological significance of high-resolution computed tomography for elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients : an analysis with culture test
Autorzy:
Das, Somadatta
Sahu, Niranjan
Padhy, Rabindra Nath
Opis:
Purpose: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the major health problems in the elderly population, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the significance of the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) modality for the diagnosis of PTB, in comparison to culture test. Material and methods: Thoracic HRCT images of the study population, comprising 124 patients clinically suspected for PTB with smear and culture reports, were analysed for sensitivity and specificity of the HRCT test. Features of active PTB were centrilobular nodules, 'tree-in-bud' pattern densities, macro-nodules, consolidations, cavitary lesions, ground-glass opacities, and miliary nodules. Results: Among the study population, 108 cases presented HRCT features of active PTB and the remaining cases were negative but had presented a few features mimicking PTB. As inferred from positive culture test results, 106 cases had active PTB, the remaining cases were culture negative for PTB. False-positive (FP) or 'type I error' cases, and false-negative (FN) or 'type II error' cases were ascertained by Bayes' theorem. Sensitivity (true positive rate) and specificity (true negative rate) of HRCT test were 0.8125 and 0.8571, respectively. Conclusions: For proper diagnosis the predictive capability, as two values of 'a posteriori probability', was computed; the mean value of 'a posteriori probability' for HRCT was 0.6358. When its culture test was positive, the HRCT test was 69.56-92.85% efficient in ascertaining positive results with a sample; on the other hand, when its culture test was negative it was 66.66-100% efficient for a negative result. Thus, the HRCT test is considerably dependable.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pneumoconiosis and respiratory problems in dental laboratory technicians: Analysis of 893 dental technicians
Autorzy:
Ergün, Dilek
Ergün, Recai
Özdemir, Cengiz
Öziş, Türkan N.
Yilmaz, Hinç
Akkurt, İbrahim
Tematy:
pneumoconiosis
dental laboratory technicians
occupational respiratory disease
pulmonary function
high-resolution computed tomography
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2178891.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Objectives: To explore the rate of pneumoconiosis in dental technicians (DTP) and to evaluate the risk factors. Material and Methods: Data of 893 dental technicians, who were admitted to our hospital in the period January 2007–May 2012, from 170 dental laboratories were retrospectively examined. Demographic data, respiratory symptoms, smoking status, work duration, working fields, exposure to sandblasting, physical examination findings, chest radiographs, pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography results were evaluated. Results: Dental technicians’ pneumoconiosis rate was 10.1% among 893 cases. The disease was more common among males and in those exposed to sandblasting who had 77-fold higher risk of DTP. The highest profusion subcategory was 3/+ (according to the International Labour Organization (ILO) 2011 standards) and the large opacity rate was 13.3%. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, it was the largest DTP case series (N = 893/90) in the literature in English. Health screenings should be performed regularly for the early diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, which is an important occupational disease for dental technicians.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
$TGF-\beta_{1}$ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases and high-resolution computed tomography score
$TGF‑\beta_{1}$ w popłuczynach oskrzelowo‑pęcherzykowych u chorych na śródmiąższowe choroby płuc a aktywność zmian w tomografii komputerowej o wysokiej rozdzielczości
Autorzy:
Tomaszewska, Romana
Soja, Jerzy
Grzanka, Piotr
Kużdżał, Jarosław
Papla, Bolesław
Ćmiel, Adam
Szlubowski, Artur
Sładek, Krzysztof
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High resolution x-ray tomography as a tool for analysis of internal textures in meteorites
Autorzy:
Krzesińska, A.
Tematy:
NWA-5929
Ghubara
Pułtusk
wysoka rozdzielczość X-ray tomografii komputerowej
deformacja
high resolution X-ray computed tomography
deformation
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Meteorytowe
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411476.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
A comparison of internal textures of the NWA-5929, Ghubara and Pułtusk chondrites has been carried out using high resolution X-ray tomography. This is a powerful, non-destructive technique that allows on to determine textural and compositional dierences that occur between ordinary chondrites of various groups by means of grey-levels calehistograms, first-order statistics, and 3D imaging. Deformational structures in the Pułtusk meteorite such as cataclastic zones, impact melt clasts, melt veins, and melt pockets are observed and studied. Measurements of metal particle size are achieved, giving even deeper insight into textural features of meteorite. My approach shows that as shock deformation occurred, numerous small metal grains became progressively dispersed within the volume of the deformed Pułtusk meteorite rock. Simultaneously, metal was mobilized via frictional or direct impact melting to form scarce large metal nodules or grains arranged along the margins of relict chondritic clasts or as components of irregular injection veining. The possibility of tracing of these impact related processes by using tomography micrograms (without breaking the sample) is very useful for distinguishing which parts of each meteorite were deformed in diferent ways in order to make first order observations regarding the deformational history of these meteorites.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alergiczne zapalenie pęcherzyków płucnych – kryteria rozpoznania, leczenie, rokowanie i zapobieganie
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Diagnostic criteria, treatment, prognosis and prevention
Autorzy:
Jędrych, Małgorzata E.
Szturmowicz, Monika
Bestry, Iwona
Kuś, Jan
Tematy:
alergiczne zapalenie pęcherzyków płucnych
diagnostyka
leczenie
rokowanie
tomografia komputerowa płuc o wysokiej rozdzielczości
BALF
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
diagnosis
treatment
prognosis
high resolution chest computed tomography
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164310.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Alergiczne zapalenie pęcherzyków płucnych (AZPP) jest chorobą wywoływaną wdychaniem środowiskowych antygenów, najczęściej rozpoznawaną wśród rolników i hodowców ptaków. Rozpoznanie opiera się na stwierdzeniu objawów klinicznych (kaszel i duszność) u osoby narażonej na kontakt z antygenem oraz na wykazaniu w tomografii komputerowej płuc o wysokiej rozdzielczości (TKWR) charakterystycznego obrazu – obustronnych mozaikowatych obszarów zacienień typu matowej szyby z predylekcją do pól środkowych i dolnych, i/lub słabo odgraniczonych guzków środkowej części zrazika, a także cech pułapki powietrznej, lepiej widocznych w fazie wydechowej badania. Taki obraz TKWR najczęściej stwierdzany jest w podostrej postaci AZPP. Pomocne w ustaleniu rozpoznania jest badanie płynu z płukania oskrzelowo-pęcherzykowego (broncho-alveolar lavage fluid – BALF), w którym stwierdza się zwiększenie całkowitej liczby komórek z przewagą limfocytów T (> 50%), szczególnie jeśli towarzyszy mu wzrost liczby neutrofilów (> 3%) i mastocytów (> 1%). Prawidłowy wynik BALF na ogół wyklucza AZPP, chyba że jest to schyłkowe stadium włóknienia. W ustaleniu rozpoznania jest pomocne wykazanie obecności swoistych przeciwciał precypitujących w surowicy chorego. W przypadkach niepewnych rozstrzygający jest wynik badania histopatologicznego materiału z biopsji płuca. Za rozpoznaniem AZPP przemawia obecność małych, słabo uformowanych ziarniniaków, bez cech martwicy, po wykluczeniu innych chorób ziarniniakowych. W leczeniu AZPP najważniejsze jest przerwanie narażenia na antygen. Stosowanie glikokortykosteroidów przynosi szybką poprawę, zwłaszcza w leczeniu ostrych objawów, ale długofalowa skuteczność tych leków jest niepewna. Rokowanie jest na ogół dobre, jeśli zostanie przerwane narażenie na antygen. W niektórych przypadkach dochodzi jednak do postępującego włóknienia płuc, co może prowadzić do ciężkiej niewydolności oddechowej. Med. Pr. 2016;67(4):517–527
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is caused by inhalation of environmental antigens. Farmers and bird keepers are most frequently affected by this desease. The HP diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms (cough, dyspnea) in a person exposed to environmental antigens, and the presence of characteristic changes in high resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT) (bilateral, mosaic, ground glass opacities in the middle and lower lung zones, ill-defined centrilobular nodules and the sign of air-trapping on expiration). This type of HRCT pattern is most frequently found in the patients with subacute HP. Bronchioloalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) examination is helpful in establishing the HP diagnosis, when the increased total number of cells, with the predominance of T lymphocytes (> 50%), and the increased number of neutrophils (> 3%) and mastocytes (> 1%) are found. The presence of specific serum precipitins increases the likelihood of HP. In case of atypical clinical presentation, lung biopsy is recommended. The diagnostic criterion of HP is the presence of ill-defined non-necrotising granulomas, after excluding other granulomatous lung diseases. The prevention and treatment of HP is based on the elimination of the antigen from the environment. Corticosteroids may contribute to the improvement in the acute and sub-acute form of the disease but their long term effectiveness is uncertain. The prognosis of HP patients is generally perceived as good, especially in those patients in whom antigen avoidance is possible. Nevertheless, in some patients progressive pulmonary fibrosis and development of severe respiratory insufficiency is observed. Med Pr 2016;67(4):517–527
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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