Temat: maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS)

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Addressing theaccidental risks of maritime transportation: could autonomous shipping technology improve the statistics?
Autorzy:: Hoem, Å.S.
Fjørtoft, K.
Rødseth, Ø.J.
Tematy:: Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)
autonomous ship
autonomous shipping technology
maritime transportation
maritime accidents
human error
maritime risk
accident statistics; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116850.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: A paradigm shift is presently underway in the shipping industry promising safer, greener and more efficient ship traffic. In this article, we will look at some of the accidents from conventional shipping and see if they could have been avoided with autonomous ship technology. A hypothesis of increased safety is often brought forward, and we know from various studies that the number of maritime accidents that involves what is called “human error” ranges from some 60‐90 percent. If we replace the human with automation, can we then reduce the number of accidents? On the other hand, is there a possibility for new types of accidents to appear? What about the accidents that are today averted by the crew? This paper will present a method to assess these different aspects of the risk scenarios in light of the specific capabilities and constraints of autonomous ships.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Intelligent autonomous ship navigation using multi-sensor modalities
Autorzy:: Wright, R.G.
Tematy:: maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS)
artificial intelligence (AI)
intelligent autonomous ship navigation
autonomous ship
autonomous ships navigation
multiSensor modalities
unmanned ship
maritime domain awareness (MDA); Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117337.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This paper explores the use of machine learning and deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) techniques as a means to integrate multiple sensor modalities into a cohesive approach to navigation for autonomous ships. Considered is the case of a fully autonomous ship capable of making decisions and determining actions by itself without active supervision on the part of onboard crew or remote human operators. These techniques, when combined with advanced sensor capabilities, have been touted as a means to overcome existing technical and human limitations as unmanned and autonomous ships become operational presently and in upcoming years. Promises of the extraordinary capabilities of these technologies that may even exceed those of crewmembers for decision making under comparable conditions must be tempered with realistic expectations as to their ultimate technical potential, their use in the maritime domain, vulnerabilities that may preclude their safe operation; and methods for development, integration and test. The results of research performed by the author in specific applications of machine learning and AI to shipping are presented citing key factors that must be achieved for certification of these technologies as being suitable for their intended purpose. Recommendations are made for strategies to surmount present limitations in the development, evaluation and deployment of intelligent maritime systems that may accommodate future technological advances. Lessons learned that may be applied to improve safety of navigation for conventional shipping are also provided.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Operations of maritime autonomous surface ships
Autorzy:: Pietrzykowski, J.
Pietrzykowski, Z.
Hajduk, J.
Tematy:: Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)
autonomous ship
MASS technology
MASS autonomy
MASS safety
Advanced Autonomous Waterborne Application (AAWA)
Sea Traffic Management (STM)
situational awareness at sea; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117150.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Advancing technologies create unique opportunities for constructing autonomous ships, which, in turn, raise growing interest of the maritime industry, shipowners in particular. These authors have analyzed actions taken in this field and some aspects related to the operations of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS). The presented case study refers to a ship with a skeleton crew on a deep sea voyage, where the ship’s autonomy is narrowed to the fourth stage of transport task – sea voyage and its navigational aspect.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Merging conventionally navigating ships and MASS - Merging VTS, FOC and SCC?
Autorzy:: Baldauf, M.
Fischer, S.
Kitada, M.
Mehdi, R. A.
Al-Quhali, M. A.
Fiorini, M.
Tematy:: Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)
Vessel Traffic Service (VTS)
e-Navigation
fleet operation centre (FOC)
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
ship control centre (SCC)
unmanned shipping
unmanned ship; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117306.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Current maritime transportation and shipping is characterized by rapid technological developments effecting the basic concepts of operating ships and even changing traditional paradigms of controlling ships. The e-Navigation concept of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) specifically aims at more comprehensive and reliable support of the human operators on-board and ashore. However, autonomous unmanned ships remote controlled or even autonomously navigating are expected to come soon. In this paper, selected operational aspects of maritime traffic merging conventional and unmanned remote controlled ships in coastal areas are discussed. Furthermore, some preliminary results of experimental simulation studies into a future scenario of maritime traffic are presented and preliminary conclusions in respect to job profiling and training requirements are discussed.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) and the COLREGS: Do we need quantified rules or is “the ordinary practice of seamen” specific enough?
Autorzy:: Porathe, T.
Tematy:: Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)
colregs
collision avoidance
ordinary practice of seamen
officer of the watch (OOW)
shore control centre (SCC)
operational design domain (ODD)
anti-collision; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116796.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) is currently on the agenda in several countries and also in the IMO. In Norway a 120 TEU container feeder is being build and will start sailing autonomously in 2022. The challenge is huge. One question is whether or not the present, quantitative, collision regulations needs to be updated to rules where expressions as “early” and “substantial” are quantified? Or if ships can sail autonomously under the present rules? Another question is if MASS should be marked to signal that the ship is in autonomous mode? Or if it is enough that she follows COLREGS? This discussion paper will take a closer look at these questions and advocate automation transparency, meaning that the behavior of an autonomous vessel has to make sense and be understandable to human operators on other manned ships and crafts.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Preliminary results of a system-theoretic assessment of maritime autonomous surface ships’ safety
Autorzy:: Wróbel, K.
Krata, P.
Montewka, J.
Tematy:: Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)
autonomous ship
MUNIN project
Advanced Autonomous Waterborne Application (AAWA)
System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA)
System-Theoretic Accident Model and Process (STAMP)
unmanned shipping system
safety at sea; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117567.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: While a system-theoretic approach to the safety analysis of innovative socio-technical systems gains a growing acceptance among academia, safety issues of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we applied a System-Theoretic Process Analysis to develop and analyze a preliminary model of the unmanned shipping system in order to elaborate safety recommendations for future developers of the actual system. Results indicate that certain advancements shall be undertaken in relation to MASS’ software solutions in particular.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: On the future of maritime transport – discussing terminology and timeframes
Autorzy:: Hult, C.
Praetorius, G.
Sandberg, C.
Tematy:: maritime transport
future of shipping
shipping
maritime Aautonomous surface ships (MASS)
autonomous ship
smart ship
intelligent ship
unmanned ship; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117279.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This paper offers an analytical discussion on the terminology and timeframes related to the future of shipping. The discussion is based on issues that have surfaced within the Swedish research project Autonomy and responsibility. The paper argues that the concept ‘autonomous ships’ has become an indicator of that seafarers soon will become obsolete – which may have negative consequences for the supply of maritime competence in coming years - and that the proper definition of the term ‘autonomous’ describes something that will never apply to a ship. Ships can be given the possibility, but hardly the full right or condition of self-government. It is argued that ‘smart ships’, or perhaps ‘intelligent ships’, are more appropriate, since these terms describe the current and future state of technology without predicting how humans will prefer to use it. The estimated timeframes for implementation of unmanned ships suggest no threat to the seafaring occupation for coming generation. The content of the occupation will of course change due to the phase of implementation of degree of digitalization, but there will always be a need for maritime knowledge and understanding.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Challenges and solutions to COLREGs on MASS ethical issues in vessel manoeuvring practices
Autorzy:: He, Liang
Tematy:: COLREGs
restricted waters
manoeuvring practice
ship manoeuvering
Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships
MASS
practical challenges
automatic navigation system
intelligent ethics; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59123227.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Though much attention has been paid to the navigational safety of MASS, very few have examined the major challenges that MASS presents to COLREGs from the standpoint of practical vessel manoeuvring. The introduction of MASS may alter the traditional paradigm of vessels depending on seamen for vessel manoeuvring. COLREGs safeguard the orderly statutory nature of vessel navigation. This paper discussed the proper understanding of COLREGs and the ethical MASS issues that can arise from vessel manoeuvring practices in restricted and heavy waters in coastal ports, challenging “look-out,” “good seamanship,” and navigational safety in COLREGs. The paper also discusses the feasibility of modifying COLREGs and how to solve these problems without modifying COLREGs. The paper suggests expanding the pilotage distances and applying the legal system of maritime traffic management in an integrated manner so as to ensure the safety of MASS navigation in the restricted waters of coastal ports and in heavy waters from the perspective of pilotage and the legal system. This paper suggests that it would be prudent for the IMO not to apply COLREGs directly to MASS until the navigational safety of MASS has been fully considered.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: VerifAI: framework for functional verification of AI-based systems in the maritime domain
Autorzy:: Stach, Thomas
Koch, Paul
Constapel, Manfred
Portier, Martin
Schmid, Helmut
Tematy:: methodological framework
Safety of Life at Sea
SOLAS
SOLAS Convention
maritime domain
Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships
MASS
Artificial Intelligence
AI
Machine Learning
AI-based systems
Artificial Intelligence Act; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59123212.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: With the continuous emergence and steady development of new technologies the way for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) is being paved. However, this manifold of available and imminent technologies challenges regulatory bodies and auditing authorities. Technologies which make use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), in particular Machine Learning (ML), play a special role. On one hand, they are not covered by current regulations or audit processes and, on the other hand, they may represent black boxes whose behaviours are not readily explainable and thus impede audit processes even further. In an upcoming study titled VerifAI the authors focus on this gap within European and German regulatory bodies and auditing authorities. The technological scope lies on MASS-related products which rely on partially or fully AI-based systems. In the present article the original authors summarize the outlined study. The authors review the current regulatory status concerning audit processes and the market situation concerning available and imminent (partially) AI-based systems of MASS-related products. To close the gap a conceptual, integrated framework consisting of a Safety Guideline for the manufacturers and a Verification Guideline for the auditing authorities is presented. The framework aims to give regulatory bodies and auditing authorities an overview of necessary steps for robust verification of safe products without hindering innovation or requiring in-depth knowledge about the (black box-like) systems. The results are condensed into recommendations for actions, listing the most important results, and proposing entry points as well as future research in the field of verifying (partially) AI-based MASS-related products.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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