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Tytuł:
Effects of botanical antifeedants on Melolontha melolontha grub feeding on Scots pine roots
Autorzy:
Janiszewski, Wojciech
Skrzecz, Iwona
Sowińska, Alicja
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa (Forest Research Institute), Komitet Nauk Leśnych PAN (The Committee on Forestry Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences)
Opis:
Przemysław Szmit
The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using botanic antifeedants to reduce the damage caused by Melolontha spp. grubs. To achieve the objective, the experiments were established in semi-field conditions to estimate the antifeedant activity of rutin, quercetin (flavonoids from buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum) and an extract from black alder Alnus glutinosa leaves against Melolontha melolontha grubs. The grubs were placed individually in the pots with a soil in which 2 year old Pinus sylvestris trees were planted. The pots were put in garden pavilions placed in the open area. Then the soil in the pots were watered with the emulsions of rutin, quercetin, an extract from A. glutinosa leaves, and with pure water-comparative variant. After 4 months, the weight and mortality of grubs were compared, as well as the weight of tree roots in all pots. There was no effect of the antifeedants on the development and extent of damage caused by M. melolontha grubs. The results do not indicate the use of botanic antifeedants in the protection of forests against the cockchafer grubs.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of sawdust amendment on forest soil fungal community and infestation by cockchafers
Autorzy:
Kwasna, H.
Malecka, M.
Sierota, Z.
Jaworski, T.
Tematy:
sawdust amendment
Scotch pine
pine wood
forest soil
fungi community
infestation
cockchafer
larva
Melolontha melolontha
forest cockchafer
Melolontha hippocastani
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41429.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Effects of Scots pine wood amendment on the fungal community in forest soil infested with cockchafers and foraged or non-foraged by wild boars and hares were investigated. We hypothesized that sawdust amendment would increase the abundance of entomopathogenic and insect-associated species effective in cockchafer predation. The soil dilution method and morphotyping were used for fungal isolation and identification in order to quantify and qualify the viable components of the microbiota that are important for evaluating soil functions. There was usually increased abundance and decreased diversity of soil fungi one year after sawdust amendment. Application of pine sawdust more often increased than decreased the abundance of some insect-associated fungi or dermatophytes and keratinophilic species and decreased the number of cockchafer larvae. Abundance of Geomyces pannorum, Mortierella spp. + M. luteus, Pseudogymnoascus roseus, Tolypocladium inflatum and Trichoderma koningii increased, at least locally, whilst Chrysosporium merdarium, Penicillium spp. (including the most common P. citrinum, P. daleae and P. janczewskii), Sporothrix schenckii and Trichoderma spp. decreased. Application of pine sawdust under roots of 1-year-old Scots pine seedlings significantly increased the abundance of Phoma + Pyrenochaeta spp. in neighbouring soil, thus increasing the risk from Phoma blight. Trichoderma strigosum was among the dominants (frequency >5%). Another six and two Trichoderma species were among the subdominants (frequency 1–5%) and subrecedents (frequency <1%), respectively. Dermatophytes, coprophilous and keratinophilic species, e.g. Cephalotrichum, Chrysosporium merdarium or S. schenckii, occurred only or mostly in foraged plots. The altered communities resulting from pine sawdust amendment may contribute to biological control of the cockchafer larvae.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ antyfidantów botanicznych na rozwój chrząszczy chrabąszcza majowego
Impact of botanical antifeedants on the development of Melolontha melolontha L. beetles
Autorzy:
Skrzecz, I.
Sowińska, A.
Janiszewski, W.
Tematy:
lesnictwo
ochrona lasu
szkodniki roslin
chrzaszcze
chrabaszcz majowy
Melolontha melolontha
zwalczanie szkodnikow
antyfidanty
flawonoidy
rutyna
kwercetyna
wykorzystanie
skutecznosc
melolontha melolontha
antifeedants
rutin
quercetin
alnus glutinosa
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990874.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The study evaluates the antifeedant activity of rutin and quercetin (flavonoids of buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum) and the extract from the leaves of black alder Alnus glutinosa on the development and the extent of damage caused by the beetles of cockchafer Melolontha melolontha in laboratory and semi−field conditions. We found increased mortality and decreased intensity of beetle feeding on the Quercus robur leaves sprayed with a solution of rutin. The treatment of Q. robur leaves with solutions of quercetin and extract from the leaves of black alder had no effect on the development of beetles and fertility of females, and did not inhibit feeding of cockchafer.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ryzyko masowego występowania pędraków chrabąszczy (Melolontha spp.) w strefie ekotonowej drzewostanów dojrzałych na terenie Nadleśnictwa Lubaczów
Risk of the mass occurrence of cockchafer (Melolontha spp.) grubs in the ecotone of mature stands in Lubaczow Forest District
Autorzy:
Niemczyk, M.
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewostany dojrzale
ekotony
ekoton las-laka
szkodniki roslin
chrabaszcz majowy
Melolontha melolontha
chrabaszcz kasztanowiec
Melolontha hippocastani
pedraki
wystepowanie masowe
ryzyko wystapienia
regresja logistyczna
Nadlesnictwo Lubaczow
melolontha spp.
forest−meadow ecotone
mature stand
logistic regression
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989889.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This study evaluated the environmental risk drivers affecting the occurrence of cockchafer grubs in mature stands bordering with open spaces. The following factors were taken into the consideration: the distance from the edge towards the forest interior, the forest site type, species composition, canopy openness and the cover of forest floor with vegetation as well as cutting treatment in some of the investigated stands. In one of the biggest cockchafer outbreak centers in Poland (Lubaczów Forest District; SE Poland) 6 mature stands were chosen and estalished 5 transects in each of them. Each transect was 250 m long and consisted of 6 pits (1×0.5×0.5 m) in a regular distance of 50 m with the first pit on an open space bordering with forest. Pits were used to determine the grub infestation of the soil. In the area of 100 m² around the pit, the general vegetation cover and tree species composition of a stand were characterized. The forest light environment was defined by hemispherical photography. The distance in transect and the fact that stand was harvested were also taken into consideration. The applied logistic regression model demonstrated that the site fertility is the most important factor that significantly increases the risk of cockchafer grubs occurrence. The other characteristics that also cause that stand is more attractive for the cockchafer grubs are: participation of the broadleaved species in stand composition and the dense vegetation cover. Furthermore, the cockchafer grubs occurrence was more frequent in the forest interior than in an open space or at the forest−meadow ecotone.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Control of adult cockchafers Melolontha spp. with Mospilan 20 SP
Autorzy:
Głowacka, Barbara
Sierpińska, Alicja
Wydawca:
Instytutu Badawczego Leśnictwa, Komitetu Nauk Leśnych PAN
Opis:
For the period of the last 20 years, cockchafer grubs have caused in Europe considerable losses in plant production and forestry. Until recently, pest grubs were controlled with carbamate or organophosphorus insecticides applied into soil. Presently, after environmental regulatory implementation which disallow application of soil-applied insecticides control of adult cockchafers have gained more recognition. The aim of the study carried out during cockchafer swarming in mixed stands with oak (Quercus robur) was to evaluate the efficacy of insecticide treatments using aircraft and ground equipment to control Melolontha melolontha and M. hippocastani with Mospilan 20 SP at a rate 0.4 kg/ha. In 2007, helicopter sprays at a rate 5 l of working solution/ha were performed in the Forest District Spała (central Poland). In 2001, insecticide treatments at a rate 200 l of working solution/ha were applied with a tractor sprayer in the Forest Districts Spała and Smardzewice (central Poland). Treatment efficacy was evaluated 3 weeks after insecticide application by assessment of defoliation degrees in sprayed and not sprayed trees with the use of LIŚĆ (LEAF) computer software. Regardless the form of treatment application, observed leaf damage on sprayed trees ranged from 0.2– 1.75%, while leaf damage on not sprayed trees was 86– 95%. The results obtained will be used in the registration procedure of Mospilan 20 SP as the insecticide for the protection of oaks against cockchafers.
Przemysław Szmit
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reduction of population numbers of Melolontha spp. adults – a review of methods
Autorzy:
Woreta, Danuta
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Lesnictwa (Forest Research Institute), Komitet Nauk Lesnych PAN (The Committee on Forestry Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences)
Opis:
The article provides information about control of Melolontha spp. adults, the methods used in the past, chemical pest control as well as treatments applied today. In old times, cockchafer populations were reduced mechanically, by manual collection during the swarming period or by covering soil surfaces to prevent egg lying by females. Chemical pest control methods were introduced in the fifties of the 1900s, and in subsequent 50 years, they were improved to be less and less environmentally threatening. In many countries, including Poland, there have recently been introduced progressive restrictions on the use of insecticides in forestry. Banning chemical treatments against cockchafers resulted in going back to traditional methods and seeking alternate solutions, e.g. biological control agents. In the 1990s, polyethylene nets were used to prevent egg laying in the soil by cockchafer females. At the same time, there was tested possible usefulness of a botanical insecticide derived from neem (Azadirachta indica) to combat cockchafer adults. The net, which needs to be spread flat on the ground, can be effective in orchards, however, in forested areas, the success of this method was limited due to the specific structure of forest land. In general, both methods stimulated no interest on the part of forestry on account of technical obstacles and too high cost of the botanical insecticide. Neglecting treatments toward reduction of cockchafer excessive numbers during their ongoing outbreak can bring about adverse changes in the forest structure.
Przemysław Szmit
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model klasyfikacyjny prognozowania wystąpienia masowych szkód w uprawach leśnych od pędraków chrabąszczy (Melolontha Fabr.)
Classification model for prediction of mass damage in young forest plantations caused by larvae of cockchafer (Melolontha Fabr.)
Autorzy:
Drozdowski, S.
Jankowski, P.
Byk, A.
Tematy:
lesnictwo
ochrona lasu
uprawy lesne
szkodniki roslin
chrabaszcz
Melolontha
pedraki
szkody w lesie
prognozowanie
modele klasyfikacyjne
melolontha
logistic regression
root pests
young forest plantations
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/993325.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Study presents a classification model for predicting the occurrence of mass damage in young forest plantations caused by insect pests on roots belonging to Melolontha genus. Logistic regression model was built on the basis of 10 taxation features describing 177 young stands. Habitat fertility, occurrence of Scots pine and European beech, and weed infestation of the habitat are the most significant features that influence mass occurrence of cockchafer larvae acting as insect pests on roots in plantations.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ pokarmu na imagines chrabąszczy Melolontha melolontha i M. hippocastani
Effects of food source quality on the adults of Melolontha melolontha and M. hippocastani
Autorzy:
Woreta, D.
Lipiński, S.
Wolski, R.
Tematy:
lesnictwo
entomologia lesna
szkodniki roslin
chrabaszcz majowy
Melolontha melolontha
chrabaszcz kasztanowiec
Melolontha hippocastani
owady dorosle
przyrost masy ciala
przezywalnosc
dlugosc zycia
plodnosc
pokarm
preferencje pokarmowe
forest cockchafer
common cockchafer
forest pests
relative growth rate
mortality
food quality
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1295010.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
This paper presents the results of studies on the life span, survival, weight and fecundity of the forest cockchafer (Melolontha hippocastani, Fabricius, 1801) and the common cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha, Linnaeus, 1758) beetle feeding on Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Betula pendula Roth., Carpinus betulus L., Fagus sylvatica L., Larix decidua Mill., Prunus serotina (Ehr.) Borkh., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., Quercus robur L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Sambucus nigra L. and Sorbus aucuparia L. em. Hedl. The lifespan and weight of beetles as well as female fertility were examined in 2011 and 2013. Specimen for laboratory tests were collected in the field shortly after leaving their overwintering sites in the soil and identical experimental protocols were applied to both examined species. 576 and 432 beetles were tested in 2011 and 2013, respectively. In 2011, beetles were feeding on A. glutinosa, B. pendula, F. sylvatica, L. decidua Q. petraea leaves and on C. betulus, P. serotina, R. pseudoacacia, S. aucuparia and S. nigra in 2013. Both years, beetles feeding on Q. robur leaves were examined as a control. Our results showed that feeding on leaves of Q. robur and Q. petraea had the largest positive impact on the life time, weight and fecundity of the studied beetles. Leaves of F. sylvatica and L. decidua also constituted an adequate food source for the development of M. melolontha. M. hippocastani, however, did not perform as well when feeding on these two tree species. Females of M. melolontha reared on leaves of B. pendula did not lay eggs. The following plant species had a negative impact on the survival and development of the collected specimen and female fertility: A. glutinosa, S. nigra, P. serotina and R. pseudoacacia. Neither beetle species fed on the leaves of A. glutinosa or S. nigra.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 25

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