Temat: metaphilosophy - Prolib Integro

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Tytuł:: Spory wokół metafilozofii
Споры вокруг метафилософии
The Disputes About Metaphilosophy
Autorzy:: Zięba, Włodzimierz
Tematy:: метафилософия
дескриптивная метафилософия
нормативная метафилософия
проблематичность
статус метафилософии
metafilozofia
metafilozofia deskryptywistyczna
metafilozofia normatywistyczna
problematyczność
status metafilozofii
metaphilosophy
descriptive metaphilosophy
normative metaphilosophy
controversiality
status of metaphilosophy; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Filozofów Krajów Słowiańskich
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/497198.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Автор поднимает главный для философии Нового времени и современной философии вопрос: вопрос метафилософии. Философия стала сама для себя проблемой. Эта проблематичность касается также метафилософии. Спорным остается вопрос статуса метафилософии как дисциплины автономной относительно философии или же гетерономной. Критический анализ избранных концепций метафилософии позволяет утверждать, что модель деcкриптивный, который de facto не может обойтись без некото-рого a priorii хотя бы в реконструкции истории философии. Метафилософия является поэтому необходимой для сознательного занятия философией.
The author takes up the central problem to contemporary and cutting-edge philosophy, i.e. the problem of metaphilosophy. Philosophy has become a problem for itself. This also applies metaphilosophy problematic. At issue is the status of metaphilosophy as an autonomous discipline to philosophy or heteronomous. Critical analysis of selected concepts of metaphilosophy shows that it is impossible descriptive model, which in fact can’t avoid some a priori, even the reconstruction of the history of philosophy. Metaphilosophy is therefore essential for the conscious practice of philosophy.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Metafilozofia Alberta Einsteina
Albert Einsteins metaphilosophy
Autorzy:: Turek, Józef
Tematy:: Einstein
metafilozofia Einsteina
Einstein's metaphilosophy; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015961.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article attempts at giving an adequate characteristics of Albert Einstein as a philosopher. Firstly, it presents a philosophical biography of the founder of the relativity theory. In order to fulfil this aim, first it was shown how, what manner and why Einstein became also a philosopher. Secondly, a reconstruction of Einstein's views was undertaken to show his attitude to philosophy as a special kind of the human knowledge as well as to characterize it at the metalanguage level. Finally, the main topics of his philosophy are in short presented.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Philosophical Doubts about reality
Autorzy:: Marsonet, Michele
Tematy:: metaphilosophy
epistemology
metaphysics
science
realism; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2232465.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: There are many pragmatisms, and it is a litle misleading to present this variegated trend of thought as if it were a monolithic doctrine. The founding fathers, too, were all but unanimous. Peirce was not in agreement with James on many issues. Dewey, in turn, did not like various aspects of both Peirce's and James' philosophy, while C.I. Lewis' views on logic were quite diefrent from those held by Dewey. It should not be surprising, then, to find the same amount of disagreement in contemporary neo-pragmatism, where Rescher and Rorty, who both define themselves pragmatists, display diefrent opinions on most subjects. I shall draw some comparisons between the ideas of these two thinkers. As a maetr of fact there are many pragmatisms, so that it is a litle misleading to present this variegated trend of thought as if it were a monolithic doctrine. The founding fathers, too, were all but unanimous. Peirce was not in agreement with James on many issues. Dewey, in turn, did not like various aspects of both Peirce's and James' philosophy, while C.I. Lewis' views on logic were quite diefrent from those held by Dewey. It should not be surprising, then, to find the same amount of disagreement in today neopragmatism, where Rescher and Rorty, who both define themselves pragmatists, display diefrent opinions on most subjects. In the present section we shall draw some sketchy comparisons between the ideas of these two thinkers. Rescher views the contrast between himself and Rorty as a continuation of the struggle between an objective pragmatism (or “pragmatism of the right”) which includes the triad Peirce-Lewis-Rescher, and a subjective one (or “pragmatism of the left”) 1 which comprises James, the early and middle Dewey, and Rorty. The later Dewey assumes, in this picture, a middle-of-the-road position. While Rorty must certainly be praised for both overcoming the linguistic turn and making pragmatism popular again in American philosophy following several decades of relative forgetfulness, Rescher argues that the Rortyan interpretation of pragmatism is too partial. In particular, by taking Rorty too seriously one is led to believe that pragmatism implies relativism. 1 Marsonet, Michele. “Diefrent pragmatist reactions to analytic philosophy.” New Perspectives on Pragmatism and Analytic Philosophy, edited by Rosa M. Calcaterra, Studies in Pragmatism and Values, 2011, 101-107
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Niedostatki metod kwestionariuszowych w filozofii eksperymentalnej
The Shortcomings of the Questionnaire Method in Experimental Philosophy
Autorzy:: Maćkiewicz, Bartosz
Tematy:: experimental philosophy
questionnaire methodology
metaphilosophy; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38428912.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Surveys are the most widely used research tool in experimental philosophy. In this paper, I analyze two types of criticism of the questionnaire method put forward in the literature. The first type is metaphilosophical. It asserts that the surveys used by experimental philosophers are based on a flawed and unproductive method of cases. The second type is methodological. It argues that currently used questionnaires are unfit to measure philosophically relevant phenomena. I show that these objections can be met by a) improving questionnaires used in research practice and b) expanding the methodological repertoire of experimental philosophy.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Philosophy and Mediation. A Manifesto
Autorzy:: De Cesaris, Alessandro
Tematy:: metaphilosophy
media theory
mediation
encyclopaedia
philosophy; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781293.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The current condition of philosophy as a discipline is quite problematic, in particular if we consider its relationship to other human sciences and to other disciplines in general. The philosophical debate appears fragmented, and philosophy itself has lost any specific role in the present scientific landscape. This situation determines a sort of “identity crisis”, whose main consequence is the coexistence of antinomical views about philosophy in the contemporary scientific and public discourse. Starting from this context, the paper aims at providing a description of philosophy as “theory of mediation”. This description does not want to be ‘original’, but rather tries to emphasize an element that is always been rooted in the very essence of philosophy, but that has also often been neglected. Philosophy has always pointed out the necessity to think the in-between of things, their relation and the passage from one to another, rather than just offering a taxonomy or a factual description of the world. In order to prove this point, the paper offers an analysis of some classical texts, in particular of some fragments by Heraclitus and of a passage taken from Hegel’s early writings. A view that rethinks philosophy as “mediology” allows a rehabilitation of philosophy as a specific discipline and as a systematic enterprise, at the same time providing a new framework for the understanding of the relationship between philosophy and other sciences.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Przyszłość nauk humanistycznych w perspektywie metafilozoficznej
The future of the humanities in a metaphilosophical perspective
Autorzy:: Cyprian Gawlik, Cyprian Gawlik
Tematy:: humanities
metaphilosophy
Bildung
Hegel
Heidegger
Cieszkowski; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1029617.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The purpose of this paper is to ponder upon the future of the humanities from a metaphilosophical perspective inspired by G.W.F. Hegel’s philosophy of the history of philosophy. The need for this reflection follows from the crisis that the humanities are facing today due to global changes in higher education, caused by the domination of the capitalist economy and the dramatic development of technology. The author assumes that the essence of the humanities is determined by the formation of self-understanding (Bildung) and proposes to consider this issue from a broader historical point of view and apart from the institutional context of human sciences, namely in the light of the history of philosophy, understood according to the Hegelian approach as the development of selfknowledge. The paper extensively discusses Hegel’s philosophy of the history of philosophy, as well as subsequent metaphilosophical positions inspired by Hegel’s thought (especially that of August Cieszkowski and Martin Heidegger). As a result, the question about the future of the humanities is transformed into a postulate of reflection on the primacy of technoscientific thinking in the modern world. In line with the Hegelian view of knowledge development – attributing autoperformative function to self-cognition – this kind of reflection is a potential remedy for the crisis currently diagnosed in the humanities.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Analiza krytyczna Bernarda Williamsa koncepcji filozofii
Critical Analysis of Bernard Williams Idea of Philosophy
Autorzy:: Pijas, Paweł
Tematy:: Williams
metaphilosophy
philosophy
science
metafilozofia
filozofia
nauka; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/509907.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The aim of this text is to reconstruct metaphilosophical standpoint of Bernard Williams. According to presented interpretation his stanpoint consists of following theses: (1) Science has privileged cognitive access to the reality. Two arguments are given to support the claim: (1a) the argument from convergence, and (1b) the 'error theory' argument. (2) From (1) follows that Williams' basic standpoint in metaphysics is naturalism. (3) From (1) and (2) together follows that Williams' concept of philosophy is non-autonomous one. (4) The aim of the philosophy according to that concept is to make sense out of human intellectual and practical activities. (5) Williams accepts and uses three philosophical methods in his programme: the method of a conceptual analysis, the method of genealogy, so-called quasi-phenomenological method. At the end of text there are critical remarks on Williams' naturalism and on arguments that are supporting this standpoint.
Celem artykułu jest rekonstrukcja metafilozoficnego stanowiska Bernarda Williamsa. Zgodnie z przedstawioną interpretacją na jego stanowisko składają się następujące tezy: (1) Nauka posiada uprzywilejowany poznawczy dostęp do rzeczywistości. Na poparcie tego stwierdzenia przytoczone zostają dwa argumenty: (1a) argument z konwergencji oraz (1b) argument "z błędnej teorii". (2) Z tezy (1) wynika, że podstawowym stanowiskiem Williamsa w metafizyce jest naturalizm. (3) Z tez (1) i (2) razem wziętych wynika, iż filozofia w koncepcji Williamsa jest nieautonomiczna. (4) Celem filozofii, zgodnie z tą ideą, jest nadawanie sensu aktywnościom znajdującym się poza ludzkimi aktywnościami intelektualnymi i praktycznymi. (5) Williams akceptuje i stosuje w swym programie trzy metody filozoficzne: metodę analizy konceptualnej, metodę genealogii oraz tzw. metodę quasi-fenomenologiczną. Końcowa część artykułu zawiera uwagi krytyczne na temat naturalizmu Williamsa i argumentów wspierających jego stanowisko.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Metafilozofia, czyli o filozofii po filozofii (choć nadal z jej wnętrza) – na przykładzie refleksji historycznofilozoficznej Hegla i Heideggera
Metaphilosophy, or on philosophy after philosophy (though still from within it – on the example of historical-philosophical reflection of Hegel and Heidegger]
Autorzy:: Gawlik, Cyprian
Tematy:: metaphilosophy
Hegel
Heidegger
posthistory
history of philosophy; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2135585.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The main purpose of the paper is to characterize the metaphilosophical paradigm of today’s philosophy.The author argues that contemporary philosophical thought is thoroughly – and in a complexsense – metaphilosophical in nature. Namely, it takes the form of philosophy’s reflection on itselfpracticed after its end, but still from within philosophy. Understood in this way, metaphilosophyunifies the formal-spatial and temporal meanings of the prefix “meta-” as well as the two correspondingspecific paradigms of metaphilosophy: philosophy of philosophy and post-philosophy. In orderto substantiate this hypothesis, (1) the Hegelian historical-philosophical position, which marks thefinal moment of classical philosophy, is first presented, and on its basis the situation of contemporarythought, which is determined by the problem of the future of philosophy, is outlined. (2) Then the“early” and “late” philosophy of Martin Heidegger, which belongs to the metaphilosophical epochof post-classical philosophy, is discussed. (3) This ultimately allows the author not only to drawconclusions about the condition of philosophy today, but also to outline an original context fora potentially fruitful confrontation between these two authors, which is the second aim of the paper.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Pytanie a poznanie w początkach filozofii
Query and Knowledge in the Beginnings of Philosophy
Frage und Erkenntnis in den Anfängen der Philosophie
Autorzy:: Krokos, Jan
Tematy:: metafilozofia
pytanie
filozofia starożytna
metaphilosophy
question
antique philosophy; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015975.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Dieser Artikel skizziert die Bedeutung der Fragestellung in der Erkenntnis, wie sie sich in den Anfänger der griechischen Philosophie darstellt: bei den drei Milesiern (Thales, Anaximander und Anaximenes), in den sokratischen und platonischen Dialogen sowie bei Aristoteles. Die griechische Philosophie war von Anfang an mit der Fragestellung an sich verbunden. Die erste philosophische Frage war die Frage nach dem ἀρχή. Sie diente der Entmythologisierung und hatte Erkenntnischarakter. Die Bedeutung der Frage nach dem ἀρχή wurde unterschieden je nach Bedeutung des Terminus ἀρχή. Jedoch unabhängig von diesen Unterschieden zielte die Frage auf die Klärung der ganzen Wirklichkeit ab, und diese Klärung mußte außerhalb der Fakten, dem Verstande nach, gesucht werden. Während wir es bei den Milesiern mit dem “Faktum“ der Fragestellung zu tun haben, wurde die Frage bei Sokrates und später bei Plato deutlich in die Methode, zur Fragestellung zu gelangen, eingebaut. Die Dialektik, jenes “Spiel“ von Frage und Antwort, war bei Sokrates und später bei Plato eine Konfrontation zwischen der einen und der anderen Seele und diente zunächst der gemeinsamen Wahrheitsfindung, der das Verhalten folgt. Im Bereich der Elenktik spielte die Frage eine therapeutische, dagegen im Bereich der Maieutik eine stimulierende Rolle. Die sokratische Dialektik betraf nicht die materielle Wirklichkeit, sondern des menschliche Vorstellungsvermögen von der Wirklichkeit und führte zu neuem Wissen, das rein intellektuell war. Gemäß der Lehre Platos war die Frage ein Mittel, um zu dem vorzudringen, was intelligibel ist, d.h. zur Idee. Erkenntnis wurde zur Erinnerung, zur Anamnese, und der Impuls für die Erinnerung an die Idee war unter anderem die Frage. Den Beginn der Theorie der Frage finden wir schon in den Logikschriften des Aristoteles. Er tat dies im Kontext des Syllogismus und der Theorie der Lehre. Die Frage betrachtete er als Baumaterial für jegliche Diskussion. Er unterschied vier Arten von Fragen, je nachdem, wonach wir fragen, sowie vier Arten von Fragen, je nachdem, welches Wissen wir erreichen, das sich auf das Wissen von ὅτι und διότι zurückführen läßt. Voraussetzung für jede dieser Fragestellungen ist das fehlende Wissen. Aristoteles bringt in das Phänomen der Bedeutung von Fragen im Erkenntnisablauf einige neue Elemente ein: er zeigt die logische Ordnung der Fragestellung auf; das Stellen von Fragen siedelt er im Bereich praktischer Fähigkeiten an, die der Wissensaneignung dienen, und er weist darauf hin, daß von der Art der Fragestellung der inhaltliche Gehalt der Antwort sowie die Art des erlangten Wissens abhängen.
This article outlines the importance of asking questions in learning as it is presented in the beginnings of Greek philosophy: with the three Milesians (Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes), in the Socratic and Platonic dialogues as well as in Aristotle. From the beginning, Greek philosophy was connected with asking questions to itself. The first philosophical question was the question about the ἀρχή. It served to demythologize and had an epistemological character. The meaning of the question about the ἀρχή was differentiated according to the meaning of the term ἀρχή. However, regardless of these differences, the question aimed to clarify the whole reality had to be sought outside of the facts, according to understanding. While with the Milesians we are dealing with the “fact” of asking questions with Socrates and later with Plato the question was clearly incorporated into the method of arriving at questions. The dialectic, that "game" of question and answer, was with Socrates and later with Plato a confrontation between one and another soul and initially served to find the truth together. In the field of elenctics the question played a therapeutic role, but in the field of maieutics it played a stimulating role. The Socratic dialectic did not concern material reality, but the human imagination of reality and led to new knowledge that was purely intellectual. According to Plato's teaching, the question was a means of getting to what is intelligible, i.e., to the idea. Knowledge became memory, anamnesis, and the impulse for remembering the idea was, among other things, the question. We find the beginning of the theory of the question in Aristotle's writings on logic. He did this in the context of the syllogism and the theory of doctrine. He saw the question as building material for any discussion. He distinguished four types of questions depending on what we ask for, and four types of questions depending on what knowledge we achieve, which can be traced back to the knowledge of ὅτι and διότι. The prerequisite for each of these questions is the lack of knowledge. Aristotle brings some new elements into the phenomenon of the meaning of questions in the course of knowledge: he shows the logical order of the question. He places asking questions in the domain of practical skills that serve the acquisition of knowledge, and he points out that the content of the answer and the kind of knowledge gained depend on the type of question asked.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: John Henry Newman o filozofii i filozofach
Autorzy:: Gałecki, Sebastian
Tematy:: ethics
metaphilosophy
philosophy of science
Newman J.H.; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668031.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Philosophy of philosophy, also called metaphilosophy, is a very interesting field of human intellectual activity. It shows not only what philosophy and its goals are, but it teaches philosophers a lot about themselves. John Henry Newman (1801–1890) in his work described the nature and role of philosophy as „organized, and therefore living knowledge”. He attached great importance to tell his listeners and readers what should characterize true philosopher as well.It is worth to knowing, what the idea of philosophy and the philosopher described and promoted by Newman (who was called – with good reason – the „Plato of Oxford” and „English Socrates”) was, and how philosophy can be a way of maturing our humanity and be a method to transform the world. This article provides an introduction and outline of this issue.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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