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Wyszukujesz frazę "microorganisms" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Mikrobiologiczna aktywność metaboliczna gleb zanieczyszczonych olejem napędowym i biodieslem
Microbial metabolic activity of soils contaminated with diesel oil and biodiesel
Autorzy:
Hawrot-Paw, M.
Martynus, M.
Koniuszy, A.
Tematy:
proteolytic microorganisms
amylolytic microorganisms
lipolytic microorganisms
cellulolytic microorganisms
contaminated soil
diesel oil
biodiesel
mikroorganizmy proteolityczne
mikroorganizmy amylolityczne
mikroorganizmy lipolityczne
mikroorganizmy celulolityczne
zanieczyszczone gleby
olej napędowy
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Zrzeszenie Inżynierów i Techników Sanitarnych
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/236738.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The paper presents results of the research on the influence of fuels on numbers of selected metabolic groups of soil microorganisms. Response of proteolytic, amylolytic, lipolytic and cellulolytic microorganisms to the presence of diesel oil, biodiesel and their mixtures in soil at the concentration of 5% (w/w per dry mass of soil) was analyzed. The research was carried out on soils with varied mechanical composition (loamy sand and sandy loam) and organic matter content. Negative response of all microbial groups in the loamy sand was noted, regardless of contamination type, and the inhibition was maintained throughout the whole incubation period. In the sandy loam, the adverse impact of fuels was demonstrated mainly for cellulolytic microorganisms, while for other microbial groups it increased with the biodiesel soil content. The higher soil organic matter content facilitated development of microbiocenoses. It could therefore limit adverse impact of fuels in sandy clay, similarly to adsorption of contaminants on the soil organic matter. Analysis of the research results indicates that biodiesel might limit metabolic activity of microorganisms to a higher extent than conventional fuel. Biodiesel as a biofuel is a foreign substance in the environment and may therefore trigger changes in the soil structure and its pH as well as toxic metabolite production upon its degradation.
Przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu paliw na liczebność wybranych grupy metabolicznych mikroorganizmów glebowych. Analizowano reakcje drobnoustrojów proteolitycznych, amylolitycznych, lipolitycznych oraz celulolitycznych na obecność w glebie oleju napędowego, biodiesla oraz ich mieszaniny w ilości 5% (w/w). Badania prowadzono z użyciem gleb o zróżnicowanym składzie (piasek gliniasty i glina piaszczysta) i zawartości substancji organicznych. W piasku gliniastym odnotowano negatywną reakcję ze strony wszystkich badanych grup drobnoustrojów, niezależnie od rodzaju zanieczyszczenia, a inhibicja utrzymywała się przez cały czas inkubacji. W glinie piaszczystej niekorzystne oddziaływanie badanych paliw dotyczyło głównie mikroorganizmów celulolitycznych, natomiast w przypadku pozostałych grup drobnoustrojów zwiększało się ono wraz ze wzrostem zawartości biopaliwa w glebie. Większa zawartość związków organicznych w glebie sprzyjała rozwojowi mikrobiocenoz, mogła być więc czynnikiem ograniczającym negatywne oddziaływanie paliw w glinie piaszczystej, podobnie jak adsorpcja zanieczyszczeń na glebowych substancjach organicznych. Analizując wyniki badań stwierdzono, że biodiesel może ograniczać aktywność metaboliczną mikroorganizmów w większym stopniu niż paliwo konwencjonalne. Biodiesel – zaliczany do biopaliw – jest substancją obcą w środowisku, może więc powodować zmianę struktury gleby, jej pH, a podczas degradacji mogą pojawiać się toksyczne metabolity.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the Influence of the Application of Effective Microorganisms on the Dynamics of Spring Wheat Emergence
Autorzy:
Piotrowska, Anna
Boruszko, Dariusz
Tematy:
Effective Microorganisms
wheat
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Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069899.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Deterioration of the natural environment as a result of violation of its natural structures and self-regulatory mechanisms causes an urgent need to replace chemicals with effective and multidirectional biopreparations. Reduction of the amount of chemicals used in agriculture becomes possible through the use of Effective Microorganisms. This will reduce the burden on the environment. Agriculture that uses EM technology can count on help with germination rates; emergence uniformity; and crop yields, for example. EM formulations contain a mixture of different coexisting microorganisms. The following paper presents the results of own research on the use of Effective Microorganisms in seed dressing of spring wheat. It was shown that the microbial preparation EM Naturally Active affects the increase of wheat seed germination dynamics.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fungal contamination of ward furnishings and medical equipment used in the treatment and nursing of newborns
Autorzy:
Gniadek, A.
Białecka, A.
Opach, I.
Kulig, A.
Krzyściak, P.
Ostrogórska, P.
Macura, A.B.
Tematy:
airborne microorganisms
fungal
medical equipment
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085935.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Introduction and objective. Newborn babies staying on hospital wards are likely to be colonized by microorganisms, including potentially pathogenic fungi. The aim of the study was to assess the mycological purity of hospital wards and medical equipment utilized in the treatment and nursing of newborns. Materials and method. The study was conducted in Neonatal High Dependency Units (NHDU) and Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). 539 samples were collected from 24 different sources, 130 from ward furnishings and 289 from medical equipment. The study was carried out following the microbiology research methods for sample collection. Subsequently, the samples (swabs, water from incubators, washings from respirator tubes and nasal cannulas (nCPAP)) were cultivated on Sabouraud agar plates. The stamps were collected with the application of Count-Tact method. The samples were incubated at the temperature of 25+/-2oC and the number of fungi assessed (cfu/cm-2 of the surface area). The species were identified based on their morphological and biochemical features. Results. Fungal growth was observed on 60% of samples collected from ward furnishings and 7% of samples collected from medical equipment. The average number of cfu/cm-2 ranged between 0–8.84 in the case of ward furnishings and between 0–1.22 cfu/cm-2 in the case of medical equipment. In 180 samples collected from the material which had direct contact with newborns no fungal growth was observed. Conclusions. The furnishings of the wards on which newborns were treated and nursed were contaminated with fungi to an extent which did not pose a threat to the life and health of the newborns. Medical equipment (respirators, incubators, nCPAP cannulas and masks) which came into direct contact with newborns was free from fungi.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of the chemical permeabilization process in yeast cells: production of high-activity whole cell biocatalysts
Autorzy:
Trawczynska, I.
Tematy:
permeabilization
biocatalyst
yeast cells
microorganisms
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Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097138.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Yeast cells are popular microorganisms for use in various bioprocesses because of their ability to produce various enzymes. They are also known for their low price. However, the activity of these biocatalysts is limited by cell membrane diffusion. One of the possible solutions to this problem is permeabilization, which makes cell walls and membranes of microorganisms more permeable to allow for easier reagent diffusion, while also maintaining properties of the cells, such as their structure and enzymatic activity. The reusability of permeabilized baker’s yeast cells is a major asset that allows them to be successfully used in biotransformation processes. Because of extensive research on this process, numerous procedures have been developed regarding the production of highly active biocatalysts in the form of permeabilized cells. The most commonly used technique is chemical permeabilization. Its effectiveness is based on the activity of various intracellular enzymes: one enzyme or several enzymes simultaneously. Multiple chemical substances, mostly organic solvents and detergents, were analyzed to determine their effectiveness as permeabilizing agents. This review provides a state-of-the-science analysis of substances used as permeabilizing agents for yeast permeabilization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Using Effective Microorganisms on the Changes in the Chemical Composition of Spring Wheat
Autorzy:
Piotrowska, Anna
Boruszko, Dariusz
Tematy:
effective microorganisms
macronutrients
micronutrients
wheat
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Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105286.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The world’s noticeable population growth is associated with an increased demand for agricultural products. The search for new solutions to increase crop productivity while ensuring environmental stability is becoming a key role. One such method is the use of the biopreparations containing Effective Microorganisms. EM consist of about 80 species of selected aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, which have the ability to restore the biological balance. Professor Teruo Higa of Ryukyus University in Okinawa is the creator of Effective Microorganisms. When added to agricultural ecosystems they stimulate plant growth, improve the condition of soils affected by excessive use of chemical fertilizers allowing insoluble forms of elements to be transformed into plant-available forms and protect them from certain diseases and pests. This solution is an ecological alternative to conventional technologies and does not further pollute the ecosystem, which is crucial. Organic fertilizers in the form of EMs are made using live microorganisms they do not only deliver nutrients to the soil but also allow inactive ones to become available. With improved nutrient uptake and protection from soil pathogens, plants develop and grow better for improved yields. They contain organic matter and one or more biologically active organic compounds (amino acids, vitamins) as well as macroand microelements that stimulate plant growth and development. They provide plants with essential substances, which are naturally synthesized in many complex biochemical processes, causing energy savings that can be used for other transformations in the plant.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Presence of microorganisms at various stages of poultry wastes management. Part I. Keratinolytic microorganisms
Autorzy:
Wrońska, I.
Cybulska, K.
Tematy:
microorganisms
keratin
poultry waste
composting
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123517.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Poultry waste management is a difficult and arduous process. This requires a number of steps of processing the organic substances included in the waste mass from poultry industry. These wastes, due to the high content of keratin, are hardly degradable. One of the possibilities of their decomposition is the use of highly-active microorganisms. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of keratinolytic microorganisms at the selected stages of poultry waste management. The research material consisted of slime originating from liquid waste reservoir, biological sludge, and proper compost. Analyses were performed on mineral substrates containing keratin as the only carbon source. Based on the study, the presence of keratinolytic microorganisms was found in all materials. The slime was the most numerously inhabited waste, while proper compost the least. Predominant group of microorganisms, regardless of the tested material type, was composed of bacteria.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of microbiological medium composition on the efficiency of bacterial cellulose synthesis
Autorzy:
Chlebiej, Katarzyna
Betlej, Izabela
Tematy:
bacterial cellulose
SCOBY microorganisms
medium composition
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Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2171745.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The influence of the composition of microbiological medium on the efficiency of bacterial cellulose synthesis. The main objective was to investigate the effect of culture medium composition on the process of bacterial cellulose synthesis. Five different nutrients were used as carbon sources for cellulose synthesising microorganisms: glucose, fructose, erythrol, inulin and lactose, added to the medium at three different concentrations (1%, 2.5%, and 4.5%). It was observed that the type and amount of nutrients included in the culture medium significantly affected the cellulose synthesis efficiency. It was observed that the best results of polymer synthesis were obtained on medium containing 1% fructose. Furthermore, the results obtained clearly confirm that the composition of the culture medium has a significant effect on the water retention of the polymer during its synthesis on the culture media.
Wpływ składu podłoża mikrobiologicznego na wydajność syntezy celulozy bakteryjnej. Głównym celem było zbadanie wpływu składu podłoża hodowlanego na process syntezy celulozy bateryjnej. Wykorzystano 5 różnych składników pokarmowych, będących źródłem węgla dla mikroorganizmów syntetyzujących celulozę: glukozę, fruktozę, erytrol, inulinę oraz laktozę, dodanych do podłoża w trzech różnych stężeniach (1%, 2.5%, oraz 4.5%). Zauważono, że rodzaj oraz ilość składników pokarmowych zawartych w podłożu hodowlanym znacząco wpłynęła na wydajność procesu syntezy celulozy. Zaobserwowano, że najlepsze wyniki wydajności syntezy polimeru osiągnięto na podłożu zawierajacycm 1% zawartość fruktozy.. Ponadto otrzymane wyniki jednoznacznie potwierdzają, że skład podłoża hodowlanego ma znaczący wpływ retencję wody przez polimer, w procesie jego syntezy na podłożach hodowlanych.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Meadow plant litter species diversity – impact on organic matter accumulation.
Autorzy:
Szanser, M.
Górska, E.
Kisiel, M.
Kusińska, A.
Russel, S.
Sieminiak, D.
Wojewoda, D.
Tematy:
algae
microorganisms
carbon
nitrogen
humus
litter
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199571.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
We evaluated the effect of plant litter species diversity on the on humus accumulation in the underlying substratum and on soil microbial communities composition in experimental field study.. Sandy loam (sand mixed with loam) mesocosms of were examined over the course of 2.5 years. Plots contained simplified substratum –. Five litters composed of meadow plants; both grasses and herbs (weed species) were used. Litters were composed of single species (I - Dactylis glomerata, II - Festuca rubra and III - Trifolium pratense) or were species mixtures IV (mixture of 3 species I, II and III); V (mixture of 12 species - IV and 9 other grasses and meadow weeds). Results baased mainly on the last year of the experiment show that most of the differences among treatments found in the substratum below the litter cover resulted from the litter diversity. Soil respiration, microbial biomass and numbers of fungi and bacteria did not differentiate between mono- and multispecies treatments. Despite of that the soil respiration and algal biomass were significantly correlated during the study period. The biomass of algae as well as carbon and nitrogen increases in the substratum, depended on the litter diversity and were higher when litter composition was more complicated. In general, our results suggest that algae may participate in the process of humus formation...
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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