Temat: misconduct - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Journals : at the front lines of integrity in academic research
Autorzy:: Shaw, Marta A.
Despota, Krina
Wydawca:: Routledge
Opis:: Editors of journals are the gatekeepers and arbiters of the scientific record. They grant legitimacy to research, which, in turn, shapes public policy, influences the direction of future research and informs professional choices, from medical treatments to business strategies. Publication in academic journals can result in financial rewards and personal accolades for authors. It is crucial for professional advancement within academia, offering a quantifiable, widely accepted and easily interpreted indication of scholarly accomplishment. Given the significant powers that accompany their position, journal editors must put themselves at the front lines of defence against academic misconduct, including undue influence, fraud, fabrication and plagiarism in research. There is no doubt that the majority of editors take these responsibilities very seriously. Nevertheless, it bears examining how editors can ensure that they are working to the highest ethical standards, neither abusing their positions for personal or professional gain nor shirking from their duties of holding authors, peer reviewers and publishers to high standards of integrity in research.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Honesty of scientists and reliability of science. Practice
Autorzy:: Grabski, Maciej W.
Tematy:: science
honesty
dishonesty
reliability
misconduct; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703354.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The changing environment of science and transformed methods of practising science are a tough test of its honesty and honour. The situation today is completely different than a few decades ago, when science was able to deal by itself with disclosed cases of dishonesty in the community. Today new discoveries require huge outlays of public money, team work, interinstitutional and multidisciplinary methods, and international co-operation. Furthermore, increasingly close interactions between politics, business and society on the one hand, and science on the other, have become a lasting element of the contemporary world, bringing with it conflicts of interest and the threat of intellectual corruption. These factors have led to pathological trends in science that are hard to control, while the problem of scientific misconduct is no longer an internal concern of the scientific community. To maintain public confidence in science and the trust science should have in itself, it is necessary to create an environment which would properly, institutionally protect and promote diligence and an attachment to compliance with high standards. This process began in the world twenty years ago, but has yet to be started in Poland. This is why the scientific community, acting in its own interest, should demand of administrators of science in Poland that they, like their counterparts in other countries which want to play a major role in science and its international partnership, undertake genuine measures aimed at introducing a system for protecting science from the pathologies and various forms of dishonesty it is plagued by. The solutions are simple, and many well-tested examples exist. Unless this succeeds, our lack of preparation for dealing with inevitably approaching events will cause us to pay a huge social price.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Not everything can be decreed
Autorzy:: Doliński, Dariusz
Tematy:: scientific misconduct
FFP (fabrication
falsification
plagiarism)
morality; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128047.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The struggle against pathology in the form of plagiarism or data falsification is undoubtedly necessary. However, limiting such efforts to building a system of control will turn this struggle into a cops-and-robbers game played by controllers and dishonest scientists. In this kind of game, the robbers will prevail sooner or later. Institutional solutions should therefore lead to building a system enabling open access to raw data and making it possible to publish results in which no statistically significant differences were found between conditions. What is even more important is organic work in the academic community and the realization that dishonesty will hit all of us.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Supporting the President in a #NotMyPresident Context: Experiences of College-Aged Trump Supporters at a Southern University
Autorzy:: Adams, Madison
Tematy:: Identity
Neutralization Theory
Conservatism
Sexual Misconduct
Donald Trump; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028554.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: In light of sexual misconduct allegations involving the former president of the United States, this study analyzes the reasons some university students provide for their continued support of Donald Trump. Relying on ten semi-structured qualitative interviews with college students who align with the president, this paper identifies three interrelated stages making up a model of support. First, students identify their conservative worldviews as helping to explain their initial support of Trump. Second, given the numerous accusations leveled against the president in the media, students readily use neutralization tactics to counter these narratives and rationalize their continued support. Finally, they feel vilified at their university and elsewhere for supporting Trump, and they find it necessary to conceal their opinions. Such experiences do not contribute to them questioning their beliefs. On the contrary, they lead to more entrenched and rigid support of the president. By identifying this three-stage process and applying neutralization theory to better understand it, this paper contributes to the existing sociological literature on the persistence of conservatism in the United States today.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: On what is important when we think of psychology in Poland
Autorzy:: Brzeziński, Jerzy Marian
Tematy:: psychology
scientific research
publishing
replications
misconduct in science; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128053.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The author takes up the problem of the condition of psychology as an academic discipline. He narrows down the scope of his reflections to answering four questions concerning the context of the country in which psychology is developed – in this case: Poland. The author answers Question 1 – Does it make sense to speak of any specificity of research carried out by psychologists in Poland? – in the negative. In his opinion, it is possible (and advisable) to speak of the cultural context of psychological practice but not research practice. Psychological cognition is intersubjective and has a global character. The author’s answer to Question 2 – Should psychologists publish (also) in their native language and should they publish their work also in Poland? – is positive. In the context of Question 3 – What indices are used (or should be used) to determine a psychologist’s position in world science? – the author comments critically on the practice of overusing various not always well thought-out bibliometric indices and is in favor of increasing the role of peer review assessments. Answering Question 4 – What conclusions should we draw from the scientific pathologies that have come to light and what should our reaction to those pathologies be? – the author suggests that psychologists should make their raw data available and share them with other researchers so as to make external replications of empirical studies possible.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Assessing the Online Scientific Community’s Support for Various Reasons for Article Retraction: A Preliminary Survey
Autorzy:: Namuth, August
Brown, Mitch
Macchione, Alicia
Sacco, Donald
Tematy:: Retraction
mation hazard
political ideology
misconduct
publication ethics; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29433368.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: A prevailing lay understanding of retraction in the scientific literature is to correct for misconduct and honest errors. Nonetheless, though historically rare, retractions to limit the spread of results deemed socially harmful (i.e., information hazards), have gained increasing traction and become increasingly common. This study sought primarily to determine the extent to which information hazard-based retraction is supported in the scientific community and as a secondary goal whether individual difference variables moderate receptivity. We tasked a diverse sample of researchers across various disciplines who use social media to evaluate scenarios in which a paper was retracted for misconduct, honest errors, and information hazards. Overall, support for retraction on the basis of information hazards was low, suggesting that researchers overwhelmingly support academic freedom as a concept. Nonetheless, left-leaning ideologies predicted slightly greater defensibility of the practice among individuals early in their careers. We provide training suggestions to mitigate reactance toward controversial scientific findings.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Uwagi o odpowiedzialności dyscyplinarnej sędziów za rażącą i oczywistą obrazę prawa w polskim systemie prawnym
Notes on Disciplinary Responsibility of Judges for Blatant and Obvious Violations of Law in Polish Legal System
Autorzy:: Mazur, Paweł
Tematy:: disciplinary responsibility
judges
misconduct
Supreme Court
Polish legal framework; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781261.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The paper deals with the disciplinary responsibility of judges for obvious and flagrant legal misconduct. A model of the aforementioned responsibility in the Polish law has been presented. The problems deliberated upon include: the moral justification of punishing judges for mentioned disciplinary delicts and critical evaluation of Supreme Court view about this responsibility. A question is asked about reconsidering the interpretation of obvious and flagrant legal misconduct according to modern times and the complicated social and law reality.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Research integrity and misconduct in the academic profession
Autorzy:: Steneck, Nicholas H.
Konkle, Erin
Shaw, Marta A.
Anderson, Melissa S.
Kamata, Takehito
Wydawca:: Springer
Opis:: Integrity in research is fundamental to the advancement of knowledge, for the public’s support of research, and the autonomy of the academic profession. Misconduct in the forms of fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism introduces error and misrepresentation into the scientific record. This chapter reviews the history of research integrity and misconduct in the United States, as well as the nature and prevalence of misconduct. It then turns to factors associated with misconduct and efforts to promote integrity, which include policy and regulation, normative pressure, codes of conduct, training, and mentoring.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Students’ Attitude Toward Cheating in Switzerland, Ukraine and Poland
Autorzy:: Chudzicka-Czupała, Agata
Lupina-Wegener, Anna
Borter, Silna
Hapon, Nadiya
Tematy:: academic misconduct
attitude toward cheating
subjective social norms
cultural comparison; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26172373.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article discusses the problem of academic dishonesty, which has been growing in Western Europe, North America, in the transitional economies of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. However, cross-cultural comparisons remain scarce, particularly with regard to the former communist countries. This paper presents an exploratory study on academic misconduct in Switzerland, Ukraine and Poland. The Academic Dishonesty Scale was used. A sample of 870 university students participated. The results reveal no differences between Ukrainian and Polish students in terms of attitudes toward cheating. Swiss students expressed significantly more negative attitudes. The results offer implications for the practice of moral awareness.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Zawód farmaceuty jako zawód zaufania publicznego – uwagi w kontekście normatywnym przewinienia zawodowego oraz nadzoru samorządu zawodowego
A pharmacist as a profession of public trust – comments in the normative context of professional misconduct and supervision by a professional self-government
Autorzy:: Pacian, Jolanta
Tematy:: pharmacist
public trust profession
professional misconduct
farmaceuta
samorząd zawodowy
przewinienie zawodowe; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30146749.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Wyróżnikiem zawodów zaufania publicznego jest wykonywanie ich w celu zaspokojenia interesu publicznego. W odniesieniu do zawodu farmaceuty jest to ochrona życia i zdrowia, a przede wszystkim zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa zdrowotnego pacjentom, wynikającego z obowiązku wykonywania zawodu z należytą starannością, poszanowaniem praw pacjenta, dbałością o jego bezpieczeństwo oraz przestrzeganiem zasad etyki zawodowej, przy wykorzystaniu wskazań aktualnej wiedzy medycznej. Zgodnie z art. 17 ust. 1 Konstytucji RP, to ustawodawca decyduje, jaki zawód będzie zaliczany do zawodów zaufania publicznego i przyznaje mu prymat w postaci pieczy samorządu zawodowego. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zawodu farmaceuty jako zawodu zaufania publicznego z perspektywy historycznej w kontekście normatywnym przewinienia zawodowego oraz nadzoru samorządu zawodowego.
The profession of public trust is unknown in other European countries. In Poland the concept of a public trust profession was introduced in Article 17 of the Constitution of 2 April 1997, which links public trust professions with the functioning of a professional self-government. Public trust professions are those which involve responsibilities of special significance from the perspective of public tasks and which have concern for public interest. The profession of a pharmacist is an example here. The aim of this paper is to present the occupation of a pharmacist as a public trust profession in the normative context of professional misconduct. On the other hand, if negligent behaviour is to be classified as a crime it must be justified not only with the effect of the patient’s death, damage to his health or a direct risk of loss of life or severe damage to his health, but also with a cause-and-effect relationship between the behaviour that violates standards and the effect. As an autonomous concept, professional misconduct may sometimes encompass behaviour that is penalized and such penalty is not justified because the violation is only marginal
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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