Temat: nitrogen remobilization

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Fluxes of nitrogen within deciduous fruit trees
Przepływy azotu wewnątrz drzew owocowych klimatu umiarkowanego
Autorzy:: Tagliavini, M.
Millard, P.
Tematy:: nitrogen remobilization
nitrogen nutrition
nitrogen flux
shoot-root-shoot nitrogen recycling
fruit tree
nitrogen storage
fruiting
growth; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11364496.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Nitrogen (N) nutrition is a major means of controlling growth and fruiting of trees. In EU Countries, society’s expectations and political decisions have pushed for the adoption of sustainable ways to manage orchards. Guidelines for N management aim to limit fertiliser applications under threshold limits, in order to reduce N losses. Increasing the effectiveness of the recycling of the N present in the orchard is a basic step to reduce external N inputs. The availability of the stable isotope ¹⁵N as experimental tool has made possible significant advances in the knowledge of the fluxes of N at tree and orchard level. This paper discusses the N fluxes occurring within the tree both between the years and within the year (root-shoot-root N recycle) and their role in the vegetative and reproductive cycle of fruit trees.
Odżywianie azotem (N) stanowi główny czynnik kontrolujący wzrost i owocowanie drzew. W krajach UE oczekiwania społeczeństwa i decyzje polityczne wymuszają przyjęcie odnawialnych sposobów prowadzenia sadów. Wskazania odnośnie gospodarki azotem są nakierowane na zastosowanie nawozów w progowych dawkach, w celu zredukowania strat N. Wzrost efektywności obiegu N obecnego w sadzie stanowi podstawowy krok w kierunku ograniczenia zewnętrznego wkładu. Zastosowania izotopu ¹⁵N jako narzędzia doświadczalnego umożliwiło znaczny postęp w poznaniu przepływów azotu w obrębie drzew i w ogóle w sadzie. W pracy dyskutowane są przepływy N wewnątrz drzewa – pomiędzy latami i w obrębie roku (obieg korzenie–pędy–korzenie) oraz ich znaczenie dla cykli wzrostowych i reprodukcyjnych drzew owocowych.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Proteolytic activity and nitrogen remobilisation in senescing leaves of phenological forms of Fagus sylvatica
Autorzy:: Kraj, W.
Tematy:: proteolytic activity
nitrogen remobilization
leaf senescence
phenological form
peptidase
protein
phenology
Fagus sylvatica
beech; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41003.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Leaf senescence allows plants to remobilise and use the same nitrogen repeatedly and is closely linked to autumn phenology. The timing of leaf senescence affects the growth rate and survival of trees due to the association between senescence and the remobilisation of nutrients, particularly nitrogen. The present study compares protein degradation dynamics and nitrogen remobilisation in early, intermediate and late phenological forms of beech trees (Fagus sylvatica L.). Specimens of phenological forms were marked and examined in 2005 and 2008. Leaf samples were collected from August to October during each of these years, and a biochemical analysis and a determination of proteolytic enzyme activity were conducted. The early phenological form showed protein degradation with three clearly indicated phases, whereas in the late form, protein degradation was stable with a constant decrease. The phenological forms differed significantly in their C/N ratios, which increased from approximately 20 in August to 37.5, 35 and 32 for the early, intermediate and late forms, respectively, at the end of leaf senescence. The date of the sudden drop in temperature had a decisive effect on the beginning of leaf senescence. Temperature has a greater effect on protein degradation and the protein and nitrogen resorption efficiency in the early form than in the late form. The trees that began to senesce the earliest exhibited the highest resorption of nitrogen compounds. Senescence led to an increase in proteolytic activity. Aminopeptidase activity was highest at the beginning of senescence, while endo- and carboxypeptidase activity was highest in the middle of senescence. The early form had the highest activity levels for all peptidase types. These results indicate that beech trees that differ in their autumn senescence timing display different nitrogen remobilisation efficiencies. This efficiency depended on the length of leaf senescence, peptidase activity and the sensitivity of particular phenological forms to temperature changes.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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