Temat: nutrient - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Influence of bacterial activities on nitrogen uptake rates determined by the application of antibiotics
Autorzy:: Tungaraza, C.
Brion, N.
Rousseau, V.
Baeyens, W.
Goeyens, L.
Tematy:: bacterial activity
inorganic nutrient
antibiotic
bacteria
nitrogenous nutrient
phytoplankton; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48700.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The influence of bacterial activities on inorganic nutrients has always affected total phytoplankton uptake rates owing to the absence of a reliable method that can exclude these effects. The use of natural samples to determine the contribution of bacterial activities has been based on the size fractionation method which, unfortunately, is encumbered with uncertainties, especially because of the size overlap between bacteria and phytoplankton communities. In this paper, the results are reported of an estimation of bacterial activities by the use of inhibitors (antibiotics). It was shown that the contribution of bacterial activities to the uptake of nitrogenous nutrients was highest for ammonium (79%), followed by nitrate (72%) and urea (62%). In a second set of experiments the concentration of ammonium was raised by 5 μM. This was done to avoid nutrient limitation resulting from the absence of recycled nutrients following the addition of antibiotics and the maximum contribution of bacterial activity to the uptake rate of ammonium increased to 87%. It can be concluded that the use of inhibitors is a good method, a reliable alternative to the fractionation method. However, it is important to note that inhibitors can affect both phytoplankton growth and the nutrient recycling process. Our results indicate that the application of antibiotics had measurable effects not only on the target bacteria but also on the uptake behaviour of phytoplankton. Our observations were therefore limited to the period when there was no effect on the phytoplankton, as was demonstrated by a carbon protein incorporation experiment.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Distributions and Fluxes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrients in Porewater Sediments in the Estuary of Jepara Indonesia
Autorzy:: Maslukah, Lilik
Wulandari, Sri Yulina
Prasetyawan, Indra Budi
Zainuri, Muhammad
Tematy:: pore water
sediment flux
nitrogen nutrient
phosphorus nutrient
Jepara; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123892.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: River is a location that is responsible for the main transport of nutrient flow from land to estuary and oceans. The nutrients that are adsorbed by the solid phase can be deposited and stored in the sediment. Sediments in estuaries and beaches have an important role in storing or removing nutrients from or to the water column. The presence of nutrients in porewater interacts with sediment and water column. In general, the nutrients that have a role as limiting factors for life in the waters are nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). The release of N and P elements is very important for the estuary and coastal environment, related to the process of regenerating nutrients into the water column. The release mechanism is determined by a diffusion process, based on the difference of concentration between the water column and the porewater. This study aims to determine the concentration of N and P in the porewater and estimate the value of flux. The sediment samples were taken from the Wiso and Serang estuary, Jepara. The components that were analyzed in the porewater are the concentration of N (nitrate, nitrite) and P (phosphate). Nitrite, nitrate and phosphate were determined by using sulphanilamide method and the molybdenum blue method, respectively. Furthermore, the flux value (F) was calculated based on the Fick’s I Law which was corrected by porosity. The results show that the mean concentrations of nitrate (NO₃^-), nitrite (NO₂^-) and phosphate (PO₄^2-) in the sediment water of Serang Estuary are 1.96, 1.41, 3.46 μM and in the Wiso estuary are 3.4, 1.85, 8.22 μM. In general, based on the calculation of flux, the sediments in the Serang and Wiso estuaries have a positive flux. Moreover, the sediment in Jepara acts as a source and releases N and P nutrient into the water column. The Wiso estuary has a higher flux than the Serang estuary.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Nutrient uptake efficiency of five pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) varieties
Autorzy:: Aznarte-Mellado, C.
Sola-Campoy, P.J.
Robles, F.
Villasenor, J.G.
Rejon, C.R.
de la Herran, R.
Navajas-Perez, R.
Tematy:: nutrient uptake
pistachio nut
Pistacia vera
nutrient content
edible fruit; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189813.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Pistacia vera L., whose edible fruit is the pistachio, is an economically important crop. It is cultivated worldwide and over 50 different varieties have been described attending to morphological and phenological characteristics. The selection of a suitable cultivar may affect the profitability of the orchards, and thus requires careful consideration for any given region. The type and concentration of nutrients taken up by the plant affect its development and eventually the quality and quantity of the fruits. It is a matter of discussion whether all varieties have the same capacity to absorb nutrients. In order to clarify this aspect, in this study the efficiency of nutrient uptake has been assessed for five pistachio varieties: three males (M38, G1, and Mateur), and two females (Batoury, and Joley), by measuring the concentration of 30 chemical elements in leaves by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) and C/N micro-elemental analyses. Data were subjected to a non-parametric Friedman test, using a series of Wilcoxon Rank Sum test with a Bonferroni correction as post hocs. Our findings demonstrate that all these varieties have an equal uptake capacity for Al, Cr, Cu, K, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, S, Sr, Ti, Tl, Zn, N, B, Fe, Mg, Na, and V. No differences related to the gender of the plants were detected. Only Mateur exhibited significantly higher levels of Ca and lower levels of C. Stock plants from an experimental plot were used as material. These plants are not used for productive purposes, and flowering and fruiting are partially restricted by removing potential nutrient-demanding structures. These findings support the contention that the presence/absence of such organs has more influence on the nutrient uptake than does the variety itself.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Nutrient uptake efficiency of five pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) varieties
Autorzy:: Aznarte-Mellado, C.
Sola-Campoy, P.J.
Robles, F.
Villasenor, J.G.
Rejon, C.R.
de la Herran, R.
Navajas-Perez, R.
Tematy:: nutrient uptake
pistachio nut
Pistacia vera
nutrient content
edible fruit; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14870.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Pistacia vera L., whose edible fruit is the pistachio, is an economically important crop. It is cultivated worldwide and over 50 different varieties have been described attending to morphological and phenological characteristics. The selection of a suitable cultivar may affect the profitability of the orchards, and thus requires careful consideration for any given region. The type and concentration of nutrients taken up by the plant affect its development and eventually the quality and quantity of the fruits. It is a matter of discussion whether all varieties have the same capacity to absorb nutrients. In order to clarify this aspect, in this study the efficiency of nutrient uptake has been assessed for five pistachio varieties: three males (M38, G1, and Mateur), and two females (Batoury, and Joley), by measuring the concentration of 30 chemical elements in leaves by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) and C/N micro-elemental analyses. Data were subjected to a non-parametric Friedman test, using a series of Wilcoxon Rank Sum test with a Bonferroni correction as post hocs. Our findings demonstrate that all these varieties have an equal uptake capacity for Al, Cr, Cu, K, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, S, Sr, Ti, Tl, Zn, N, B, Fe, Mg, Na, and V. No differences related to the gender of the plants were detected. Only Mateur exhibited significantly higher levels of Ca and lower levels of C. Stock plants from an experimental plot were used as material. These plants are not used for productive purposes, and flowering and fruiting are partially restricted by removing potential nutrient-demanding structures. These findings support the contention that the presence/absence of such organs has more influence on the nutrient uptake than does the variety itself.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Average nutrient and chlorophyll distributions in the Western Mediterranean: RADMED project
Autorzy:: Garcia-Martinez, M.C.
Vargaz-Yanez, M.
Moya, F.
Santiago, R.
Munoz, M.
Reul, A.
Ramirez, T.
Balbin, R.
Tematy:: climate change
water column
nutrient concentration
nutrient transport
chlorophyll
Mediterranean Sea
RADMED project; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48926.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: The influence of soil acidity on aluminium and mineral nutrients concentrations in soil solution at different soil water potentials
Wpływ kwasowości gleby na zawartość glinu oraz wybranych składników mineralnych w roztworze glebowym przy różnych potencjałach wody glebowej
Autorzy:: Siecinska, J.
Wiacek, D.
Nosalewicz, A.
Tematy:: soil acidity
aluminium
mineral nutrient
nutrient concentration
soil solution
soil water
water potential; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35410.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The aim of the research was to analyse the impact of soil water potential on the concentration of aluminium and selected mineral nutrients in soil solution. Soil acidification is a natural process accelerated by agriculture, and one of the most important factors limiting crop production worldwide. Concentrations of aluminium and selected mineral nutrients in solutions obtained from soil at initial pH 4.2 and after liming at various soil water potential were measured in centrifuged soil solution. Our results showed a significant gradual increase in the concentration of Al and most of mineral nutrients (Ca, Mg and P) with decreasing soil water potential from −3.5 kPa to −0.205 MPa. The results are important in the evaluation and interpretation of plant response to aluminium toxicity when accompanied by changes in water availability.
Celem badań była analiza wpływu potencjału wody glebowej na stężenie glinu i wybranych składników mineralnych w roztworze glebowym gleby kwaśnej i wapnowanej. Wzrost kwasowości gleb jest naturalnym procesem, jednym z najważniejszych czynników ograniczających produkcję roślinną na świecie. Może on ulec przyspieszeniu przez środki stosowane w rolnictwie. Pomiarami objęto zmiany stężenia glinu oraz wybranych składników mineralnych w roztworach glebowych z gleby o pH 4.2 oraz gleby wapnowanej, otrzymanych przy różnych potencjałach wody glebowej. Nasze wyniki wskazują na znaczący wzrost stężenia glinu i większości składników mineralnych (Ca, Mg i P) wraz ze spadkiem potencjału wody glebowej z −3.5 kPa do – 0.205 MPa. Uzyskane wyniki są ważne w ocenie i interpretacji odpowiedzi roślin na toksyczność glinu, w warunkach zróżnicowanego uwilgotnienia gleby.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Soil and nutrients losses under different management practices in Ghana
Straty gleby i substancji odżywczych w warunkach różnych sposobów uprawy w Ghanie
Autorzy:: Mesele, S.A.
Amegashie, B.K.
Quansah, C.
Adigun, J.K.
Tematy:: soil productivity
agriculture
conservation agriculture
soil erosion
nutrient management
nutrient loss
management practice
Ghana; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35953.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Integrated soil nutrient management is required to increase and sustain agricultural productivity. Assessment of soil, organic matter and nutrient losses was carried out in a 3-year integrated maize cropping system in Ghana. The treatments: no-till (NT), minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT) and soil amendments (Control, NPK, poultry manure and their combination), were arranged in a factorial design. The results showed soil loss to range from 0.140- 4.907 Mg·haˉ¹ in the order of NT < MT < CT < Bare. Soil loss reduction over the Bare was 88% by ½ Rates of NPK+PM, 87% by PM and 85% by NPK. Soil depth reductions in NT and MT were 92% lower than in CT. The loss of organic matter ranged from 47.6 kg·haˉ¹ to 120.70 kg/ha and was in the order of Bare > CT > MT > NT. Nutrient losses followed the same trend. Losses in soil organic matter, N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na under tillage x soil amendments interactions were higher in the CT and bare plots. NT and MT, which were recognised as conservation tillage systems, amended with combination of organic and mineral fertilisers were found as better options in minimising soil quality degradation.
Zintegrowana gospodarka substancjami odżywczymi jest konieczna dla uzyskania wzrostu oraz utrzymania produktywności upraw rolniczych. Przeprowadzono oceną strat gleby, materii organicznej oraz substancji odżywczych w 3-letnim zintegrowanym systemie uprawy kukurydzy w Ghanie. Czynniki doświadczenia obejmowały sposoby uprawy: bezpłużny (NT), uprawa minimalna (MT), uprawa tradycyjna (CT), oraz zastosowane rodzaje nawożenia (Kontrola, NPK, nawóz kurzy, oraz ich kombinacje). Wyniki nadań wykazały straty gleby w zakresie 0,140-4,907 Mg·haˉ¹ w sekwencji rosnącej NT < MT < CT < Ugór. Redukcja strat gleby w stosunku do Ugoru wyniosła 88% dla ½ dawki NPK+PM, 87% dla PM oraz 85% dla NPK. Ubytek miąższości gleby w obiektach NT i MT był 92% niższy niż w obiekcie CT. Spadek zawartości substancji organicznej wahał się od 47,6 kg·haˉ¹ do 120,70 kg·haˉ¹, w następujący sposób: Ugór > CT > MT > NT. Straty substancji odżywczych wykazywały ten sam trend. Straty materii organicznej, N, P, K, Ca, Mg i Na pod wpływem współdziałania sposobów uprawy i nawożenia były wyższe w obiektach CT i nie uprawianym. Obiekty NT i MT, które traktowano jako systemy uprawy konserwującej, nawożone kombinacją nawozów organicznych i mineralnych, okazały się lepszą opcją w zakresie minimalizacji degradacji jakości gleby.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: The role of rock phosphates in sustainable agriculture: the Hungarian experience with Algerian rock phosphate
Autorzy:: Nemeth, T.
Csatho, P.
Osztoics, E.
Tematy:: rock phosphate
sustainable agriculture
Hungary
agriculture
fertilization
nutrient balance
phosphate
soil
plant nutrient
superphosphate; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/801085.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: From the early 60's till the late 80's, in many countries - among them also in Hungary - agricultural production went through a tremendous development. In Hungary there was a 2-3-fold increase in the average yields of winter wheat, and maize - the two main crops - in comparison to those of the 50's. One of the main factors determining these developments was the increasing use of mineral fertilizers. From the turn of the century till the late 50's, nutrient balances in Hungary were strongly negative: 20 - 30 kg/ha/year less N and K₂O, and 10 kg/ha/year less P₂O₅ was given to the fields in the different forms (farmyard manure, mineral fertilizer and by-products, etc.), than was removed by the harvested yields. Nutrient balances of P became positive in the early 60's, while balances of N and K in the early 70's, resp. Then, for 20 years, N balances were positive by 10 - 20 kg/ha/year, while both P₂O₅ and K₂O balances by 30 - 50 kg/ha/year, resp. These long-term positive nutrient balances resulted in the NPK enrichment of our soils, which was also proven by the national soil test series. During the 80's, for example, the amount of yearly applied mineral fertilizer was 230 - 280 kg/ha N + P₂O₅ + K₂O/arable land. In certain regions N leaching could cause environmental damage, while, as a result of the P-Zn antagonism, on the fields poorly supplied with Zn, overfertilization with P resulted in 1 - 2 t/ha/year maize yield losses. From the early 90's, however, when political and ecological changes took place in the country, the free market was introduced, and state subsidies on mineral fertilizer were withdrawn, there was a sharp decrease in mineral fertilizer use: applied N dropped to 1/5th, P and K to 1/20th of the amount used in the 80's. This dramatic decrease resulted in the change of nutrient balances: in 1991 the balance for N was -60, for P₂O₅ -30, and for K₂O -40 kg/ha for the whole country, resp. In 1992 and 1993 the situation was similar, while in 1994 a slight increase in mineral fertilizer use was observed. According to our estimation, mineral fertilization of 150 kg/ha/year N + P₂O₅ + K₂O is sufficient for long-term sustainable plant nutrition in Hungary, if farmyard manure application and the incorporation of byproducts remains on the recent level. During intensive fertilization practice, emphasis was on the quantity, while crop and soil demands for specific or more economic fertilizers were not taken into consideration. For N, lime ammonium nitrate, for P superphosphate, and for K, potash chloride was used on almost the whole area. As a new attempt to find more economic P sources, Algerian rock phosphate was checked in field trials, set up on characteristic acidic soils in different regions of Hungary, as well as other Central European countries. The first two-year results are discussed in the presentation.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Selected physicochemical parameters of water from the springs of the Prądnik valley
Wybrane parametry fizykochemiczne wód ze źródeł doliny Prądnika
Autorzy:: Łaptaś, Anna
Seroka, Agnieszka
Miśkowiec, Paweł
Opis:: The springs in the Ojców National Park are one of the most important elements of the landscape. Despite their protection, they are exposed to pollution, mainly due to the increased tourism and traffic in the Prądnik valley. Eleven physicochemical parameters for seven main springs have been studied. The results were compared with the Polish regulations and with the previous studies to check the rate of change of the spring water condition. The nutrient pollution turned out to be the most variable, both in time and space.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: The effect of chromium on ruminant health
Autorzy:: Zarczynska, K.
Krzebietke, S.
Tematy:: chromium
ruminants
essential nutrient
toxicity; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192470.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Chromium (Cr) is a micronutrient that occurs in the natural environment in different oxidation states. Natural compounds contain chromium in the +3 oxidation state, whereas chromic(VI) acid derivatives are industrial products with strong toxicity. Hexavalent chromium compounds can adversely affect the respiratory system and the gastrointestinal tract, cause skin changes, and exert carcinogenic, mutagenic, embryotoxic as well as teratogenic effects. Research indicates that both organic and inorganic trivalent chromium compounds improve carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. These compounds are found in many enzymes, and they influence antioxidant processes, regulation of immune responses, and the secretion of hormones and selected vitamins in the body. In animals, Cr has been found to increase fat-free body mass, improve reproductive parameters, enhance growth, increase feed conversion efficiency, boost immunity, and decrease mortality. It has been suggested that Cr supplements can intensify the effects of insulin, decrease the plasma levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), decrease triglyceride concentrations in the liver, and improve glucose tolerance, thus improving the performance and productivity of cattle in the perinatal period. Symptoms of chromium deficiency, including decreased feed intake, lower weight gains, reproductive disorders, and higher lipid levels, are observed in cattle fed diets that are low in this nutrient, and in animals that are exposed to considerable and prolonged stress. In ruminants, chromium supplementation is recommended during thermal stress, in the perinatal period, and during infections.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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