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Tytuł:
Pheromone trapping of the double-spined bark beetle Ips duplicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae): seasonal variation in abundance
Autorzy:
Lubojacký, Jan
Holuša, Jaroslav
Lukašová, Karolina
Grodzki, Wojciech
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Cytata wydawnicza:
Holusa, J., Grodzki, W., Lukasova, K., & Lubojacky, J. (2013). Pheromone trapping of the double-spined bark beetle Ips duplicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae): seasonal variation in abundance. Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry, 55(1), 3-9.
Opis:
Przemysław Szmit
Ips duplicatus adults were sampled with pheromone-baited black window-slot traps (Theysohn) in 70- to 100-year old Norway spruce (Picea abies) stands between 280 and 650 m a.s.l. in the eastern Czech Republic and southern Poland during 2000– 2010. Sets of 5–12 traps were placed about 20 m from the edge of the infested forest. Each trap was baited with a standard synthetic pheromone lure (ID Ecolure), and was setup 1.5–2.0 m above the ground. The objectives were to determine the relationship between the numbers of adults trapped in the overwintered generation and those in the offspring generation. According to data from 135 traps, the numbers of overwintered beetles captured in spring (April–June) were significantly higher than the numbers captured in summer (July–August), but the numbers of offspring beetles captured in summer were significantly correlated with the numbers overwintered beetles captured in spring. The spring captures can be used to estimate the threat caused by I. duplicatus during the whole vegetation season. The traps installed in summer should be used to determine the peaks in the bark beetle flight activity, thus enabling early identification of trees infested by I. duplicatus, especially inside stands.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
trans-Pro isosteres in the development of non-selective and selective mimetic agonists of insect pyrokinin neuropeptides: A review
Autorzy:
Nachman, R.J.
Tematy:
diapause hormone
physiological process
melanization
pupariation
pheromonotropin
neuropeptide
pyrokinin family
pheromone
diapause break
pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide
insect
reddish colouration hormone
peptide
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/55206.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The pyrokinin (PK) family plays a multifunctional role in an array of important physiological processes in a variety of insects. A PK active core analog containing an (E)-alkene, transPro isosteric component was evaluated in five disparate PK bioassays and/or in a recombinant PK receptor cell line, representing six different insect species. The assays included pheromone biosynthesis in the moth Heliothis peltigera, melanization in the larval Spodoptera littoralis, pupariation acceleration in the larval fly Neobellieria bullata, diapause termination in the moth Heliothis zea, and hindgut contraction in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae. This constrained analog demonstrated unselective agonist activity that approached, matched, or exceeded the activity of parent PK peptides of equal length in all six PK assays. The results provide strong evidence for the orientation of Pro and the core conformation adopted by PK neuropeptides during interaction with disparate PK receptors. A PK active core analog incorporating a second transPro motif, the dihydroimidazoline moiety, was found to demonstrate pure, selective agonism in the melanotropic bioassay, with no significant activity in three other PK bioassays. Both types of transPro isosteric analogs feature modification adjacent to the primary tissue-bound peptidase hydrolysis site that is expected to enhance biostability over natural PK peptides. The research further identifies two novel scaffolds with which to design either selective or non-selective mimetic PK analogs as potential leads in the development of environmentally favorable pest management agents capable of disrupting PK-regulated systems.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prospects for using pesticides in agriculture
Perspektywy stosowania pestycydów w rolnictwie
Autorzy:
Barbaś, P.
Aslan, H.
Aslan, I.
Skiba, D.
Otekunrin, O.A.
Sawicka, B.H.
Tematy:
agriculture
herbicide
perspective
bioherbicide
bioinsecticide
natural phytotoxin
pheromone
pesticide toxicity
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13925453.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Do pheromone trapping always reflect Ips typographus (L.) population level? A study from the Tatra National Park in Poland
Autorzy:
Grodzki, Wojciech
Wydawca:
Committee on Forestry Sciences and Wood Technology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Forest Research Institute in Sękocin Stary
Cytata wydawnicza:
Grodzki, Wojciech. "Do pheromone trapping always reflect Ips typographus (L.) population level? A study from the Tatra National Park in Poland" Folia Forestalia Polonica, vol.63, no.1, 2021, pp.36-47. https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2021-0004
Opis:
Pheromone traps are used for monitoring I. typographus populations in Norway spruce stands of the Tatra National Park (TPN) in Poland. The presented study is based on the set of pheromone traps of precisely known location (23) located in the whole area of the TPN and operated continuously in 2010–2019. The data on the captures of beetles were compared with two kinds of data concerning the mortality: the area covered by standing dead trees (airborne photographs) in the no-intervention zone, and the volume of trees infested by bark beetles processed in the active protection zone. No relationship was found between the mean numbers of beetles captured yearly in all pheromone traps in the whole TPN area and the volume of infested trees removed from the stands in the active protection zone. The captures in the two selected study areas were correlated with the area of spots with dead trees in the 500 m circle around the traps, however, this correlation is not statistically significant. There is no relation of captures to the volume of processed infested trees. The captures decreased in the growing seasons after the wind damage, and increased markedly after the drought started in 2015. The results of pheromone trapping are affected by several factors, as wind damage and defence potential of trees resulting from their physiological status. Pheromone traps represent valuable source of information about the bark beetle I. typographus population dynamics, although the collected data do not enable direct definition of its population level, especially in the protected areas with different and unstable (changed in 2017) approach to the protection of stands. As most of the information on beetles is captured in the first half of the growing season, the data collected till the end of July are sufficient for monitoring purposes; thus, the trapping should be reduced to the period May–July.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Do pheromone trapping always reflect Ips typographus (L.) population level? A study from the Tatra National Park in Poland
Autorzy:
Grodzki, Wojciech
Tematy:
pheromone monitoring
bark beetles
protected areas
Picea abies
mountains
Tatra
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041268.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Pheromone traps are used for monitoring I. typographus populations in Norway spruce stands of the Tatra National Park (TPN) in Poland. The presented study is based on the set of pheromone traps of precisely known location (23) located in the whole area of the TPN and operated continuously in 2010–2019. The data on the captures of beetles were compared with two kinds of data concerning the mortality: the area covered by standing dead trees (airborne photographs) in the no-intervention zone, and the volume of trees infested by bark beetles processed in the active protection zone. No relationship was found between the mean numbers of beetles captured yearly in all pheromone traps in the whole TPN area and the volume of infested trees removed from the stands in the active protection zone. The captures in the two selected study areas were correlated with the area of spots with dead trees in the 500 m circle around the traps, however, this correlation is not statistically significant. There is no relation of captures to the volume of processed infested trees. The captures decreased in the growing seasons after the wind damage, and increased markedly after the drought started in 2015. The results of pheromone trapping are affected by several factors, as wind damage and defence potential of trees resulting from their physiological status. Pheromone traps represent valuable source of information about the bark beetle I. typographus population dynamics, although the collected data do not enable direct definition of its population level, especially in the protected areas with different and unstable (changed in 2017) approach to the protection of stands. As most of the information on beetles is captured in the first half of the growing season, the data collected till the end of July are sufficient for monitoring purposes; thus, the trapping should be reduced to the period May–July.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pheromones and their function in male reproduction
Feromony i ich funkcja w rozrodzie samca
Autorzy:
Lustofin, Krzysztof
Opis:
Hormones and pheromones have a significant impact on reproduction of males. Male sex hormones allow formation of male gonads, whereas pheromones as compounds carrying information for another individual, help animals in intraspecies communication. The secretion of testosterone occurs in Leydig cells of the gonad. Testosterone is formed in process called steroidogenesis. In the male gonad male gametes are also produced. They are formed in the process known as spermatogenesis. This takes place in the seminiferous epithelium between the Sertoli cells. The sperm are released into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. They are transported to the epididymis, where they maturate and acquire the ability to fertilize. Pheromones as compounds necessary for a successful intraspecies communication are also important for the proper reproduction in mammals. They allow the identification of individuals ready to breed thus facilitating the mating - process. The source of pheromones comes from skin gland secretions such as sweat gland and sebaceous gland. Pheromones are also deposited together with the feces and urine (the highest amount is deposited in urine). All mammals, both microsmatic and macrosmatic, detect pheromones with the main olfactory organ. Macrosmatic animals in addition to that have additional olfactory organ so called vomeronasal organ, which works synergistically with the main olfactory organ. This results in a very well developed sense of smell. The number of female pheromones excreted in the urine have been identified. These compounds have a variety of effects on the sexually mature males. The majority of them, enhance sex drive and cause characteristic behavior of the males called flehmen. Nonetheless, the identified pheromones include those that have the opposite effect on males. The aforementioned pheromones caused a decrease in the sex drive. Finally a boar pheromone called androstenone has been presented. This compound is metabolised in various ways. It can be accumulated in the fatty tissue going into a mixture of compounds, which cause unpleasant smell of meat called “boar taint”. Androstenone is also accumulated in the salivary gland. It is secreted together with the secretion of the salivary gland and acts as pheromone which once detected by the sow facilitates identification of the right male for reproduction.
Hormony oraz feromony mają duży wpływ na rozród samców. Męskie hormony płciowe umożliwiają wykształcenie w pełni funkcjonalnego męskiego układu rozrodczego, natomiast feromony jako związki niosące informacje dla drugiego osobnika ułatwiają zwierzętom komunikację wewnątrzgatunkową. W gonadach męskich, znajdują się komórki Leydiga, które odpowiadają za syntezę oraz wydzielanie testosteronu. Testosteron powstaje w procesie zwanym steroidogenezą. W jądrach dochodzi również do produkcji zdrowych i zdolnych do zapłodnienia komórki jajowej gamet męskich. Powstają one w procesie zwanym spermatogenezą, która zachodzi w nabłonku plemnikotwórczym pomiędzy komórkami Sertoliego. Plemniki uwolnione do światła kanalików plemnikotwórczych wędrują do najądrza, w którym dochodzi do ich dojrzewania i to właśnie tam nabywają zdolność do zapładniania. Feromony jako związki potrzebne do prawidłowej komunikacji wewnątrzgatunkowej, są również ważne do prawidłowego rozrodu. Umożliwiają one identyfikację osobników gotowych do rozrodu ułatwiając tym samym kojarzenie się par. Źródłem feromonów są wydzieliny gruczołów skórnych takie jak gruczoł potowy czy gruczoł łojowy, ale także są one deponowane wraz z kałem oraz moczem (największa ich ilość jest deponowana z moczem). Wszystkie ssaki zarówno mikrosmatyczne jak i makrosmatyczne percypują feromony za pomocą głównego narządu węchowego. Zwierzęta makrosmatyczne posiadają również dodatkowy narząd węchowy tzw. narząd womeronasalny, który działa synergistycznie z głównym narządem węchowym dając w efekcie bardzo dobrze wykształcony zmysł węchu. Udało się zidentyfikować wiele feromonów samic wydalanych wraz z moczem. Związki te mają różnorodne działanie na dojrzałe płciowo samce. W większości wzmagają one popęd seksualny oraz wywołują charakterystyczne zachowanie u samców zwane flehmenem. Jednak spośród zidentyfikowanych feromonów udało się również wykryć takie, które wykazywały odwrotne działanie na samców i powodowały spadek popędu seksualnego. Na zakończenie przedstawiony został feromon knura androstenon. Związek ten ulega różnym przemianom metabolicznym. Może on odkładać się w tkance tłuszczowej wchodząc w skład mieszaniny związków powodujących nieprzyjemny zapach mięsa tzw. „zapach knura”. Androstenon również gromadzony jest w gruczole podszczękowym. Wydzielany wraz z wydzieliną tego gruczołu pełni funkcję feromonu, który percypowany przez lochy umożliwia im identyfikację gotowego do rozrodu samca.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Inne
Tytuł:
Modeling acquaintance networks based on balance theory
Autorzy:
Vukašinović, V.
Šilc, J.
Škrekovski, R.
Tematy:
social network
small-world
balance theory
pheromone infrastructure
sieć społeczna
małe światy
teoria równowagi
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/330042.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
An acquaintance network is a social structure made up of a set of actors and the ties between them. These ties change dynamically as a consequence of incessant interactions between the actors. In this paper we introduce a social network model called the Interaction-Based (IB) model that involves well-known sociological principles. The connections between the actors and the strength of the connections are influenced by the continuous positive and negative interactions between the actors and, vice versa, the future interactions are more likely to happen between the actors that are connected with stronger ties. The model is also inspired by the social behavior of animal species, particularly that of ants in their colony. A model evaluation showed that the IB model turned out to be sparse. The model has a small diameter and an average path length that grows in proportion to the logarithm of the number of vertices. The clustering coefficient is relatively high, and its value stabilizes in larger networks. The degree distributions are slightly right-skewed. In the mature phase of the IB model, i.e., when the number of edges does not change significantly, most of the network properties do not change significantly either. The IB model was found to be the best of all the compared models in simulating the e-mail URV (University Rovira i Virgili of Tarragona) network because the properties of the IB model more closely matched those of the e-mail URV network than the other models.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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