Temat: phosphorus response

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Growth and Yield Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to a Wide Range of Nutrients on Ferralsols of Western Kenya
Autorzy:: Otieno, Hillary M. O.
Tematy:: Agronomic efficiency
Zea mays
crop growth rates
fertilizer application
maize
micronutrients yield response
nitrogen response
phosphorus response
potassium response
relative growth rate; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075498.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Declining soil fertility is one of the main causes of low yields of maize. Farmers apply low rates of unbalanced nutrients leading to further nutrient mining. A randomized complete block nutrient omission trial with six replications was therefore set to determine maize response to the application of a wide range of nutrients from inorganic fertilizers on Ferralsols. The treatments were NK, NP, PK, NPK, and NPK + CaMgZnBS. The results showed that application of PK fertilizer resulted in low crop growth rate (CGR), and relative growth rate (RGR), and biomass compared to other treatments. Application of a wider range of nutrients (NPK + CaMgZnBS treatment) improved maize growth and yield compared to other treatments. In terms of grain response, Urea application recorded the highest yield (1800 kg/ha) followed by Triple Superphosphate (1300 kg/ha) then Muriate of potash (1100 kg/ha) and least by a combined application of secondary nutrients and micronutrients (ZnBMgCaS = 400 kg/ha). Highest agronomic efficiency of 32.5 kg grain /kg P applied was recorded due to P followed by K (27.5 kg grain /kg K) and least by N (15 kg grain /kg N). Based on the combined effect, application of N-P-K based fertilizers could give better yields. Use of micronutrients should be assessed further for conclusive recommendations.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Wpływ azotu, fosforu, sodu i potasu na tempo respiracji ściółki leśnej
Influence of nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium and potassium on forest litter respiration rate
Autorzy:: Rudnicka, Agata
Opis:: The production of litter is essential in the nutrient cycle and in maintaining fertile soil. In contrast, the decomposition of litter is a process necessary for the exchange of organic matter. The respiration of litter organisms is also important in the global carbon cycle (C).The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of nutrient addition (N, P, Na and K) on the respiration rate of forest litter under the conditions of 23 °C and 35% WHC. The place where the samples were taken was the Niepołomice Forest. The material was collected in the form of forest litter in oak-hornbeam and mixed coniferous forest. Response rates, cumulative amount of released CO2, litter mesofauna, pH and organic matter content in litter in two types of forests were also calculated. The research was carried out to determine the differences related to the respiration rate of litter fertilised in oak-hornbeam and mixed coniferous forest with nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium and potassium compounds. Experiments have shown that such fertilisation may be beneficial for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere, and have also presented changes in the density of small litter invertebrates after adding elements in forest ecosystems.
Produkcja ściółki ma zasadnicze znaczenie w obiegu pierwiastków odżywczych oraz w utrzymaniu żyznej gleby. Natomiast rozkład ściółki jest procesem niezbędnym do wymiany materii organicznej. Oddychanie organizmów ściółkowych jest również istotne w globalnym obiegu węgla (C).Celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu dodatku biogenów (N, P, Na i K) na tempo respiracji ściółki leśnej w warunkach 23 °C i 35% WHC. Miejscem poboru prób była Puszcza Niepołomicka. Materiał pobrano w postaci ściółki leśnej w grądzie jak i w borze. Obliczono również wskaźniki odpowiedzi, skumulowaną ilość uwolnionego CO2, liczebność mezofauny ściółkowej, pH, a także zawartość materii organicznej w ściółce w dwóch typach lasów. Zrealizowane badania zostały wykonane dla określenia różnic związanych z tempem respiracji ściółki nawożonej w grądzie i w borze związkami azotu, fosforu, sodu i potasu. Doświadczenia ukazały, że nawożenie takie może być korzystne dla obniżenia wielkości emisji gazów cieplarnianych do atmosfery, a także przedstawiły zmiany zagęszczenia niewielkich bezkręgowców ściółkowych po dodaniu pierwiastków w ekosystemach leśnych.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Tytuł:: Wpływ zmian depozycji biogenów na tempo respiracji ściółki oraz liczebność roztoczy i skoczogonków w borze i grądzie
Effect of changes in nutrients deposition on the rate of litter respiration and the number of mites and collembolans in coniferous forest and oak-hornbeam
Autorzy:: Szlachcic, Ewa
Opis:: Increased deposition of elements into the environment is one of the main global change drivers, as well as the increase of average global temperature and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Nutrients influence the activity of soil organism communities and their composition. It is believed that the decomposition of organic matter accounts for half of the CO2 released from the soil, so it is important to study the rate of respiration to better predict the future carbon balance on Earth.The aim of this study was to better understand the response of the litter respiration rate and meso-fauna to fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium and potassium. The material for this research came from oak-hornbeam and mixed coniferous forest in the Niepołomicka Forest. Measurements of respiration rate were carried out in mesocosms at 13ºC and 70% WHC. The calculated response ratio values showed that litter fertilization with nutrients significantly reduced its respiration rate in case of treatments with N (-0,12), Na (-0,17) and K (-0,02) in the litter from oak-hornbeam and in case of treatment with P (- 0.17) in litter from mixed forest. The temperature sensitivity (Q10) of litter respiration values ranged from 2.3 to 2.6 in oak-hornbeam litter and from 1.5 to 2.0 in mixed forest litter. Nitrogen fertilization resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the density of invertebrates in the litter from both types of forests when taking into account the calculated response ratio (oak-hornbeam: -1,53, mixed forest: -0.74).This research may help to determine changes in the amount of carbon released into the atmosphere in the form of CO2 and the density of small litter arthropods in forest ecosystems as a result of nutrient deposition associated with the intensification of agriculture.
Podwyższona depozycja pierwiastków do środowiska jest jednym z głównych czynników kształtujących zmiany globalne, obok wzrostu średniej temperatury powietrza oraz stężenia dwutlenku węgla w atmosferze. Biogeny wpływają na aktywność zespołów organizmów glebowych oraz ich skład. Uważa się, że rozkład materii organicznej odpowiada za połowę uwalnianego z gleby CO2, dlatego ważne jest badanie tempa respiracji dla lepszego przewidywania przyszłego bilansu węgla na Ziemi.Celem pracy było lepsze zrozumienie odpowiedzi tempa respiracji ściółki i mezofauny na nawożenie azotem, fosforem, sodem i potasem. Materiał do badań pochodził z grądu i boru mieszanego Puszczy Niepołomickiej. Pomiary tempa respiracji były prowadzone w mezokosmosach w temperaturze 13ºC i WHC 70%. Obliczone wskaźniki odpowiedzi pokazały, że nawożenie ściółki pierwiastkami biogennymi istotnie obniżyło jej tempo respiracji w przypadku nawożenia N (-0,12), Na (-0,17) i K (-0,02) ściółki grądowej oraz w przypadku nawożenia P (-0,17) ściółki boru mieszanego. Wartości wskaźnika Q10 dla tempa respiracji ściółki wahały się od 2,3 do 2,6 w przypadku ściółki grądowej oraz od 1,5 do 2,0 dla ściółki boru mieszanego. Nawożenie azotem spowodowało istotne statystycznie zmniejszenie zagęszczenia bezkręgowców w ściółce z obu lasów biorąc pod uwagę obliczone wskaźniki odpowiedzi (grąd: -1,53; bór mieszany: -0,74).Przeprowadzone badania mogą pomóc w określeniu zmian ilości węgla uwolnionego do atmosfery w postaci CO2 oraz zagęszczenia drobnych stawonogów ściółkowych w ekosystemach leśnych na skutek depozycji biogenów związanej z intensyfikacją rolnictwa.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Tytuł:: The response of maize seedlings to salt stress under increasing levels of phosphorus
Autorzy:: Sacala, E.
Demczuk, A.
Grzys, E.
Tematy:: plant response
seedling
maize
salt stress
phosphorus level
salinity
carbohydrate
protein
chlorophyll
carotenoid; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189785.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This study was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of increasing doses of phosphate and moderate salinity on the growth and some biochemical parameters of maize seedlings. The experiments were carried out on the maize variety KB 1902 grown in hydroponic cultures under controlled conditions. Salt stress was induced by 50 mmol dm-3 NaCl at three levels of KH2PO4 (in mmol dm-3): 1.0 (standard dose in a nutrient solution), 0.25 (decreased dose), 2.0 (increased dose). After 7 days of cultivation, the plants were harvested, growth parameters were examined and assessments were made of the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, total protein, soluble carbohydrates and free phosphate. Salt stress caused a significant reduction in the fresh and dry weight of plants, ranging from 33-45% in comparison to the plants grown without NaCl, irrespective of external phosphate concentrations. Concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and total proteins were unaffected by salinity, regardless of the external phosphorus levels. The two higher concentrations of Pi (1.0 and 2.0 mmol dm-3) in the saline nutrient medium resulted in a marked accumulation of phosphorus in the leaves of maize, whereas the lowest level of Pi (1/4 of the standard dose in the nutrient solution) had no effect on the phosphorus content. Both the increased (2 P) and decreased (1/4 P) phosphorus concentration in the external medium induced a significant increase in the content of soluble carbohydrates in the leaves of maize grown under salt stress. In brief, the response of the maize variety KB 1902 to NaCl stress at the initial stage of growth was not found to have been modified by the examined doses of phosphorus, and there was no relationship between NaCl and the increasing doses of phosphate.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: The response of maize seedlings to salt stress under increasing levels of phosphorus
Autorzy:: Sacala, E.
Demczuk, A.
Grzys, E.
Tematy:: plant response
seedling
maize
salt stress
phosphorus level
salinity
carbohydrate
protein
chlorophyll
carotenoid; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15037.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This study was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of increasing doses of phosphate and moderate salinity on the growth and some biochemical parameters of maize seedlings. The experiments were carried out on the maize variety KB 1902 grown in hydroponic cultures under controlled conditions. Salt stress was induced by 50 mmol dm-3 NaCl at three levels of KH2PO4 (in mmol dm-3): 1.0 (standard dose in a nutrient solution), 0.25 (decreased dose), 2.0 (increased dose). After 7 days of cultivation, the plants were harvested, growth parameters were examined and assessments were made of the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, total protein, soluble carbohydrates and free phosphate. Salt stress caused a significant reduction in the fresh and dry weight of plants, ranging from 33-45% in comparison to the plants grown without NaCl, irrespective of external phosphate concentrations. Concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and total proteins were unaffected by salinity, regardless of the external phosphorus levels. The two higher concentrations of Pi (1.0 and 2.0 mmol dm-3) in the saline nutrient medium resulted in a marked accumulation of phosphorus in the leaves of maize, whereas the lowest level of Pi (1/4 of the standard dose in the nutrient solution) had no effect on the phosphorus content. Both the increased (2 P) and decreased (1/4 P) phosphorus concentration in the external medium induced a significant increase in the content of soluble carbohydrates in the leaves of maize grown under salt stress. In brief, the response of the maize variety KB 1902 to NaCl stress at the initial stage of growth was not found to have been modified by the examined doses of phosphorus, and there was no relationship between NaCl and the increasing doses of phosphate.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Response of the yield and mineral composition of garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) herbage to various NPK proportions
Autorzy:: Kozera, W.
Majcherczak, E.
Barczak, B.
Knapowski, T.
Wszelaczynska, E.
Poberezny, J.
Tematy:: herbal plant
plant response
yield
mineral composition
garden thyme
thyme
Thymus vulgaris
plant fertilization
NPK fertilization
NPK proportion
nitrogen
phosphorus
potassium
macronutrient; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15323.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Garden thyme is a very important essential herbal plant grown in Poland. As well as being able to regulate digestion processes, thyme herbage possesses disinfecting, expectorant, antioxidant, spasmolytic properties. Research has been launched to define the effect of NPK fertilisation on yielding, the content of essential oil as well as the mineral composition of garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) herbage. The experimental factor consisted of NPK mineral fertilisation applied into soil at the following doses per hectare and proportions: A0 – without mineral fertilisation, A1 – 30 kg N + 22 kg P + 100 kg K (N:P:K was: 1:0.75:3.33), A2 – 60 kg N (30 kg N + 30 kg N) + 22 kg P + 100 kg K (1:0.37:1.67), A3 – 90 kg N (45 kg N + 45 kg N) + 22 kg P + 100 kg K (1:0.24:1.11). The experiment comprised 4 fertilisation objects with 4 replications, and the sowing area and the harvest area of 3 m2 plot-1. Nitrogen was applied in the form of ammonium nitrate twice: pre-sowing as well as after plant emergence. Phosphorus and potassium were used pre-sowing, in the form of triple superphosphate 40% and 60% of potassium salt, respectively. The doses of 152 kg NPK ha-1 (1:0.75:3.33) – A1 and 182 kg NPK ha-1 (1:0.37:1.67) - A2 showed the most favourable effect on the yield of fresh weight, air-dried weight and essential oil of herbage as well as the quality characteristics of the yields. The dose of 152 kg NPK ha-1 (A1), including 30 kg less nitrogen, was as favourable as that of 182 kg NPK ha-1 in terms of the content of air-dry weight of herbage, essential oil as well as mineral nutrients. Its application also resulted in a similar yield of essential oil. The application of 212 kg NPK ha-1 (1:0.24:1.11) was economically unjustified since, in general, it decreased the size of the yield of fresh weight of herbage and the values of its parameters studied.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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