Temat: prospective studies

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Objawy depresyjne w okresie adolescencji a jakość życia po 17 latach - badanie katamnestyczne
Depressive symptoms in adolescence and quality of life 17 years later - follow-up study
Autorzy:: Bomba, Jacek
Modrzejewska, Renata
Pac, Agnieszka
Cofór-Pinkowska, Paulina
Opis:: Objectives: The answer to the question to what extent depressive symptoms which occur in the middle and late adolescence period affect the quality of life in adulthood. Methods: The sample group consisted of 308 adults out of 3,445 who had participated in a 2000 study of prevalence of depressive symptoms among students. 17 years later, letters were sent to all study participants with information about the purpose of the study and an original questionnaire, with quality of life and quality of social network scales (the Collaborative Research on Ageing in Europe Social Network Index – COURAGE-SNI and WHOQOL-AGE) attached. Results: The presence of depressive symptoms in the untreated population of adolescents is associated, in the case of women, with poorer education and fewer opportunities to work in adulthood compared to their non-depressive peers. In contrast, the men who were not depressive in adolescence take jobs in which they are more likely to earn a high income. An analysis of the quality of life showed statistically significant differences between men and women. In the group of non-depressive men, greater satisfaction with owned financial resources was observed. In the case of adult women, those who had been depressive in adolescence declared a sense of lower overall quality of life and satisfaction with the way of spending free time, satisfaction with achievement of life goals and owned financial means. Non-depressive women presented higher quality of social networks 17 years later. Conclusions: Long-term observation in our prospective study supports the hypothesis of a developmental character of adolescent depression.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Serum fluoride levels in ambulance staff after commencement of methoxyflurane administration compared to meta-analysis results for the general public
Autorzy:: Allison, Serah J.
Docherty, Paul D.
Pons, Dirk
Chase, James G.
Tematy:: meta-analysis
prospective studies
fluorides
ambulances
fluoride poisoning
methoxyflurane; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2093863.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: ObjectivesAmbulance officers administering methoxyflurane as an inhalational analgesic may be exposed to trace vapor. Fluoride is a methoxyflurane metabolite, and has been associated with acute renal failure in anesthesia patients and skeletal fluorosis with chronic elevated serum levels from other sources. However, there has been no direct measurement of serum fluoride in occupationally exposed ambulance officers. Thus, this study directly measures serum fluoride over a prolonged period in order to determine renal toxic and skeletal fluorosis risk to ambulance officers who are administering methoxyflurane.Material and MethodsSerum inorganic fluoride concentrations were measured in a prospective observational study of 12 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). The study took 7 serum fluoride measurements over 24 months. A meta-analysis of healthy adult serum fluoride ranges was also conducted.ResultsThe typical healthy adult serum fluoride range was determined to be 0.21–2.11 μmol/l (p < 0.001). The EMTs’ baseline median (IQR) serum fluoride concentrations were 0.4 μmol/l (0.2; 1.0) with maximum 1.6 μmol/l. The EMTs’ overall median serum fluoride was 0.4 μmol/l (0.2; 1.3) with maximum 4.0 μmol/l, usually within healthy reference ranges. All results were ≤10% of the suggested single-dose renal toxic threshold. One result was above a threshold for skeletal fluorosis. The highest measured serum fluoride was 24% of the lowest level associated with radiologic evidence of fluorosis. There was no evidence overall of increasing serum fluoride levels.ConclusionsThere was no evidence that EMTs’ exposure to methoxyflurane resulted in sustained increased serum fluoride. These results imply EMTs’ occupational safety from acute renal toxicity when activated carbon filtration is used on patient exhalation. However, 1 serum fluoride result above a skeletal fluorosis threshold suggests that the risk of mild skeletal fluorosis cannot be excluded.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Work stress and the risk of recurrent coronary heart disease events: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Autorzy:: Li, Jian
Zhang, Min
Loerbroks, Adrian
Angerer, Peter
Siegrist, Johannes
Tematy:: work stress
recurrence
coronary heart disease
meta-analysis
epidemiology
prospective studies; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176999.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Though much evidence indicates that work stress increases the risk of incident of coronary heart disease (CHD), little is known about the role of work stress in the development of recurrent CHD events. The objective of this study was to review and synthesize the existing epidemiological evidence on whether work stress increases the risk of recurrent CHD events in patients with the first CHD. A systematic literature search in the PubMed database (January 1990 – December 2013) for prospective studies was performed. Inclusion criteria included: peer-reviewed English papers with original data, studies with substantial follow-up (> 3 years), end points defined as cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction, as well as work stress assessed with reliable and valid instruments. Meta-analysis using random-effects modeling was conducted in order to synthesize the observed effects across the studies. Five papers derived from 4 prospective studies conducted in Sweden and Canada were included in this systematic review. The measurement of work stress was based on the Demand- Control model (4 papers) or the Effort-Reward Imbalance model (1 paper). According to the estimation by meta-analysis based on 4 papers, a significant effect of work stress on the risk of recurrent CHD events (hazard ratio: 1.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.23–2.22) was observed. Our findings suggest that, in patients with the first CHD, work stress is associated with an increased relative risk of recurrent CHD events by 65%. Due to the limited literature, more well-designed prospective research is needed to examine this association, in particular, from other than western regions of the world.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Gender differences and areas of Internet behavior in seven years’ perspective
Autorzy:: Ochnik, Dominika
Dembińska, Aleksandra
Tematy:: Internet addiction
use of Internet
self-esteem
prospective studies
gender differences; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127832.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The objective of the study was the comparative analysis of areas of Internet behavior (use of Internet, relations and Internet Addiction) with regards to gender in seven years’ perspective. The study was conducted in two stages (2005 and 2012) among Polish students (N = 452). Results showed significant gender differences in the use of Internet. The use of Internet is no longer predictor of Internet Addiction in both men and women. The higher number of contacts limited to Internet was a predictor of Internet Addiction in both men and women, but lower self-esteem in women only. Men were more prone to Internet Addiction in comparison with women and this tendency is on the rise.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Relationship between the Clinical Frailty Scale and short-term mortality in patients > or = 80 years old acutely admitted to the ICU : a prospective cohort study
Autorzy:: Watson, Ximena
De Lange, Dylan W.
Valentin, Andreas
Moreno, Rui
Flaatten, Hans
Agvald-Ohman, Christina
Guidet, Bertrand
Polok, Kamil
Górka, Jacek
Artigas, Antonio
Szczeklik, Wojciech
Andersen, Finn H.
Leaver, Susannah
Zafeiridis, Tilemachos
Fjolner, Jesper
Cecconi, Maurizio
Joannidis, Michael
Pinto, Bernardo Bollen
Walther, Sten
Marsh, Brian
Oeyen, Sandra
Schefold, Joerg C.
Christensen, Steffen
Beil, Michael
Sviri, Sigal
van Heerden, Peter Vernon
Jung, Christian
Morandi, Alessandro
Rhodes, Andrew
Fronczek, Jakub
Opis:: Background: The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is frequently used to measure frailty in critically ill adults. There is wide variation in the approach to analysing the relationship between the CFS score and mortality after admission to the ICU. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of modelling approach on the association between the CFS score and short-term mortality and quantify the prognostic value of frailty in this context. Methods: We analysed data from two multicentre prospective cohort studies which enrolled intensive care unit patients ≥ 80 years old in 26 countries. The primary outcome was mortality within 30-days from admission to the ICU. Logistic regression models for both ICU and 30-day mortality included the CFS score as either a categorical, continuous or dichotomous variable and were adjusted for patient’s age, sex, reason for admission to the ICU, and admission Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. Result: The median age in the sample of 7487 consecutive patients was 84 years (IQR 81–87). The highest fraction of new prognostic information from frailty in the context of 30-day mortality was observed when the CFS score was treated as either a categorical variable using all original levels of frailty or a nonlinear continuous variable and was equal to 9% using these modelling approaches (p < 0.001). The relationship between the CFS score and mortality was nonlinear (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Knowledge about a patient’s frailty status adds a substantial amount of new prognostic information at the moment of admission to the ICU. Arbitrary simplification of the CFS score into fewer groups than originally intended leads to a loss of information and should be avoided.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Związek postawy rodziny z płcią, nasileniem objawów i funkcjonowaniem społecznym osób chorujących na schizofrenię przez 20 lat : badanie prospektywne
Relationship between family attitude, symptoms severity and social functioning of people suffering from schizophrenia over 20 years : a prospective study
Autorzy:: Arciszewska, Aleksandra
Mętel, Dagmara
Kalisz, Aneta
Cechnicki, Andrzej
Bielańska, Anna
Kruk, Dawid
Opis:: Cel: Celem badania była ocena zależności pomiędzy postawą rodziny i płcią oraz klinicznymi i społecznymi wynikami leczenia w grupie 45 osób z diagnozą schizofrenii w okresie 20 lat chorowania. Metody: Dla oceny zmiennych klinicznych i społecznych użyto Kwestionariusza Anamnestycznego i Katamnestystycznego, skali BPRS i skali funkcjonowania społecznego wg DSM-III wymiar V, a do pomiaru postawy rodziny w czasie pierwszej hospitalizacji – CFI. W kolejnych punktach pomiarowych zastosowano 4-stopniową skalę kliniczną opartą na kategoriach CFI (ciepło i życzliwość, krytycyzm, wrogość, naduwikłanie emocjonalne), którą następnie analizowano jako dychotomiczną zmienną: postawa korzystna/ niekorzystna. Wyniki: Zaobserwowano istotną tendencję do poprawy postawy rodziny wraz z upływem lat chorowania. U chorujących kobiet zmiana postawy rodziny następowała szybciej niż w przypadku mężczyzn. Po 3 i 12 latach od pierwszej hospitalizacji niekorzystna postawa rodziny wiązała się z częstszymi nawrotami i rehospitalizacjami. Nasilenie objawów i poziom funkcjonowania społecznego nie miały związku z postawą rodziny w żadnym punkcie pomiarowym. Wnioski: W środowiskowym programie leczenia, w okresie 20 lat przebiegu schizofrenii, niekorzystna postawa rodziny uległa znaczącej poprawie zarówno wśród kobiet, jak i mężczyzn, lecz korzystne zmiany następowały szybciej w przypadku kobiet. W zależności od czasu przebiegu choroby wykazano związek pomiędzy niekorzystną postawą rodziny i częstszymi nawrotami oraz ponownymi hospitalizacjami, a także brak związku z nasileniem objawów i ogólnym poziomem funkcjonowania społecznego.
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the family attitude and clinical and social outcome measures in the group of 45 people diagnosed with schizophrenia during 20 years of illness. Methods: For the evaluation of clinical and social variables, the Anamnestic and Catamnestic Questionnaire, the BPRS scale and the scale of social functioning according to the DSM-III axis V were used. The family attitude during the first hospitalisation was measured with CFI. In subsequent measurement points, a 4-stage clinical scale based on the CFI categories (warmth and kindness, criticism, hostility, emotional overinvolvement) was used, which was then analysed as a dichotomous variable: favourable/unfavourable attitude. Results: A significant tendency to improve the family attitude within years of illness was observed. In women, the change in the family attitude was faster than in case of men. The unfavourable family attitude was associated with more frequent relapses and rehospitalisations after 3 and 12 years after the first hospitalisation. The severity of symptoms and the level of social functioning were not related to the family attitude at any measurement point. Conclusions: In the community treatment program, during the 20-year course of schizophrenia, the unfavourable family attitude improved among both women and men, but beneficial changes occurred faster in women. Depending on the time of disease, there was a relationship between the unfavourable family attitude and more frequent relapses, re-hospitalisations and lack of connection with the severity of symptoms and the general level of social functioning.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Elucidating distinct clinico-radiologic signatures in the borderland between neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis
Autorzy:: Yeo, Tianrong
Hurley, Samuel
Leite, Maria Isabel
Kong, Yazhuo
Klimiec-Moskal, Elżbieta
Jenkinson, Mark
Juryńczyk, Maciej
Palace, Jacqueline
Messina, Silvia
Opis:: Background. Separating antibody-negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) from multiple sclerosis (MS) in borderline cases is extremely challenging due to lack of biomarkers. Elucidating different pathologies within the likely heterogenous antibody-negative NMOSD/MS overlap syndrome is, therefore, a major unmet need which would help avoid disability from inappropriate treatment. Objective. In this study we aimed to identify distinct subgroups within the antibody-negative NMOSD/MS overlap syndrome. Methods. Twenty-five relapsing antibody-negative patients with NMOSD features underwent a prospective brain and spinal cord MRI. Subgroups were identified by an unsupervised algorithm based on pre-selected NMOSD/MS discriminators. Results. Four subgroups were identified. Patients from Group 1 termed “MS-like” (n = 6) often had central vein sign and cortical lesions (83% and 67%, respectively). All patients from Group 2 (“spinal MS-like”, 8) had short-segment myelitis and no MS-like brain lesions. Group 3 (“classic NMO-like”, 6) had high percentage of bilateral optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM, 80% and 60%, respectively) and normal brain appearance (100%). Group 4 (“NMO-like with brain involvement”, 5) typically had a history of NMOSD-like brain lesions and LETM. When compared with other groups, Group 4 had significantly decreased fractional anisotropy in non-lesioned tracts (0.46 vs. 0.49, p = 0.003) and decreased thalamus volume (0.84 vs. 0.98, p = 0.04). Conclusions. NMOSD/MS cohort contains distinct subgroups likely corresponding to different pathologies and requiring tailored treatment. We propose that non-conventional MRI might help optimise diagnosis in these challenging patients.
multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, optic neuritis, myelitis, magnetic resonance imaging, prospective studies
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Commited suicide in the background of the history of previous suicide attempts : a 5-year prospective study of suicide attempts
Samobójstwa dokonane na tle historii występujących uprzednio prób samobójczych : 5-letnie badania prospektywne
Autorzy:: Groszek, Barbara
Kamenczak, Aleksandra
Chrostek Maj, Jan
Bolechała, Filip
Polewka, Andrzej
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Material-dependent activation in prefrontal cortex : working memory for letters and texture patterns - initial observations
Autorzy:: Urbanik, Andrzej
Binder, Marek
Opis:: Purpose: To prospectively evaluate whether a distinction between verbal and nonverbal short-term memory systems, as predicted with the multicomponent working memory model, is reflected in the material-specific patterns of activation in the prefrontal cortex. Materials and Methods: Informed written consent was obtained from all participants, and the institutional review board approved the study protocol. Echo-planar MR imaging was performed in 12 healthy subjects (five female and seven male subjects), with a mean age of 23.52 years ± 2.52 (standard deviation) and a range of 20-29 years. A two-back task was used in the verbal and nonverbal versions. In the first version, letters were used as stimuli, and in the second version, the stimuli were abstract texture patterns. Timing parameters for both versions were the same. Statistical analyis of the functional data involved a fixed-effects general linear model. Regions of activation were identified from specific t-statistic contrasts between baseline and active tasks (corrected for whole-brain multiple comparisons). Results: The following suprathreshold voxels for the verbal condition were observed predominantly in the left hemisphere (middle frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and occipital cortex). Bilateral activations were in inferior frontal gyri, insulae inferior, superior parietal lobules, and cingulate gyri. In the nonverbal condition, suprathreshold voxels were located mostly bilaterally in the following regions: inferior, middle, and medial frontal gyri and inferior parietal lobules. Active regions were also found in the precentral gyrus and precuneate gyrus in the left parietal lobe and the occipital cortex in the right hemisphere. Conclusion: Results of this study are consistent with the multicomponent model of working memory.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Przegląd badań prospektywnych na temat stanu zdrowia psychicznego oraz jakości życia lekarzy i studentów medycyny
The review of prospective studies on mental health and the quality of life of physicians and medical students
Autorzy:: Szemik, Szymon
Gajda, Maksymilian
Kowalska, Małgorzata
Tematy:: stan zdrowia
jakość życia
lekarze
studenci medycyny
problemy zdrowia psychicznego
prospektywne badania kohortowe
health status
quality of life
physicians
medical students
mental health problems
prospective cohort studies; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085586.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Determinanty psychospołeczne odgrywają istotną rolę w kształtowaniu zdrowia psychicznego oraz jakości życia pracowników, w tym lekarzy. W niniejszym przeglądzie piśmiennictwa wykazano, że problemy zdrowia psychicznego lekarzy przejawiają się w postaci zespołu przewlekłego zmęczenia oraz wypalenia zawodowego i mają związek z przewlekłym narażeniem na stres w pracy. Ponadto opublikowane dane wskazują, że do najistotniejszych problemów zdrowia psychicznego studentów medycyny oraz młodych lekarzy należą: uzależnienie od alkoholu oraz ryzykowny sposób jego konsumpcji, depresja, a także potencjalne zachowania samobójcze. Omówione w pracy badania mające na celu identyfikację stanu zdrowia psychicznego i jakości życia lekarzy oraz ich uwarunkowań były prowadzone głównie na podstawie obserwacji prospektywnych, dających możliwość śledzenia zmian w czasie.
Psychosocial determinants play a significant role in shaping mental health and the quality of life of workers, including physicians. The results of the presented review indicate that mental health problems of physicians are particularly manifested by chronic fatigue syndrome and burnout syndrome, and are related to chronic stress exposure at the workplace. Moreover, published data suggest that the most important mental health problems of medical students and young doctors include alcohol addiction and risky alcohol consumption, depression, and potential suicidal ideation. The studies on mental health and the quality of life of physicians, including their determinants, as presented in this paper, were mostly conducted on the basis of prospective observations that enable the tracking of changes over time.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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