Temat: saving water - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: The Influence of Drip Irrigation on Water Efficiency in Pear Cultivation
Autorzy:: Lepaja, Lavdim
Lepaja, Kujtim
Kullaj, Endrit
Balaj, Nexhat
Tematy:: saving water
drip irrigation
Pyrus communis; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59114373.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This field experiment aimed to evaluate the impact of two distinct levels of irrigation, specifically drip irrigation, on a pear orchard to conserve water without compromising production. Kosovo boasts conducive conditions for tree cultivation; however, water scarcity, particularly during the vegetation period, necessitates supplementary irrigation. The study was carried out in the Dukagjini plain on a 10-hectare pear orchard, using a nested experimental design.. Per two levels of irrigation, for 13 rows with tress were used with 100% of evapotranspiration as control and 13 rows with 50% of deficit irrigation. One row were length 90 m and width 40 cm, in total area where applied irrigation were 936 m2. Using ANOVA, we detected significant fluctuations in total yield, the number of fruits, and fruit weight. With this technology in 100% irrigation have been achieved a total 7497 kg/900 trees or an average of 8.33 kg/tree while in 50% irrigation have been achieved 4590 kg/900 trees or 5.10 kg/tree. In classification of fruits 85.41% (100% irrigation) were extra class while 92.30% in 50% of irrigation. Our results confirmed that drip irrigation combined with a moderate water stress increase all productive parameters especiallity in total yield, too with significant water saving.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Changes in the Quality of Domestic Sewage Caused by the Reduction of Water Consumption in Households
Autorzy:: Chudzicki, Jarosław
Umiejewska, Katarzyna
Tematy:: water consumption
saving water
municipal wastewater
total suspended solids; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123072.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Since the 1990s, there have been trends in Central and Eastern European countries to reduce water consumption. This phenomenon is closely related to the political, social and economic changes in these countries and the introduction of economic instruments in water management. The article presents the changes in water consumption in households in the years 1950–2019 depending on the degree of equipping buildings with sanitary facilities, and the structure of water consumption for particular purposes. For the same period, the quality of sewage generated in households is presented on the basis of bibliography. The content of total suspended solids was the main analysed parameter. The last part of the article presents the quality of wastewater discharged to fourteen Polish wastewater treatment plants. The majority of the analysed plants show an increase in the concentration of total suspended solids in the domestic sewage discharged to them. This phenomenon may be influenced by the decreasing water consumption in households.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Potential of Irrigation and Biochar on Reduction Methane Emission and Leaching Nitrate into Groundwater
Autorzy:: Dinh, Phuong T.L.
Nguyen, Viet P.
Nguyen, Hoa T.
Nguyen, Dinh T.N.
Pham, Anh N.
Tematy:: nitrogen loss
mitigation nitrogen loss
mitigation greenhouse gas
paddy field
saving water irrigation
groundwater; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59114419.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Agricultural by-products such as rice husks are very popular in Vietnam, which are often burned in the fields, causing an increase in dust smoke and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To study the effects of different irrigation methods, quality of irrigation water and additive biochar from rice husk (BFRH) on leaching nitrate from paddy fields into shallow groundwater and methane (CH4) emissions, we investigated a two-season experiment (2021–2023) under two irrigation methods: water-saving irrigation and flood irrigation with 120 kg N/ha. The results illustrated that seasonal CH4 emissions and leaching nitrate were affected by irrigation practices and significantly correlated with the quality of irrigation and the amount of BFRH added. To compare of control, the flood irrigation water increased the leaching of GHG and NO3- into shallow groundwater from 27.3–32.4% and 16.4–31.25%, respectively. Meanwhile, the saving water irrigation reduced CH4 and leaching of NO3- into shallow groundwater from 13.3–17.8% and 15.63–18.9%, respectively. Applying biochar with controlling fertilizer reduces CH4 and NO3- content in surface field water, contributing to the decreased leaching of NO3- into groundwater. Reducing 20% fertilizer rate of N (96 kg N/ha) with application biochar of 5% without a change in yield reduces NO3- content into shallow groundwater from 13.7–14.3%. We conclude that water-saving irrigation combined with biochar from rice husk incorporation simultaneously mitigates CH4 emissions, improves yield, and reduces leaching nitrate into groundwater, making it a suitable environment-friendly nitrogen management practice for sustainable farming in northern Vietnam.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Pipe-borne water consumption and its wastage: A study based on Panandura Urban Area in Sri Lanka
Autorzy:: Kaleel, M. I. M.
Tematy:: water consumption
water saving and management
water wastage; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1182765.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Water is a lifeblood aspect of human being and without water, human being is impossible in the world. From time to time, people have consumed water from many sources and the ancient civilizations also emerged from river banks to meet the need of water. In this modern industrial world, technological advancements have enabled the pipe-borne water supply in widespread manner and it is not except to Sri Lanka too. Excessive consumption of water leads to water resource scarcity and hinders the even water supply to the people. In general context, water wastage is seen as ‘the consumption of excessive water for the routing needs’. In Sri Lanka, the provision of water for drinking and irrigation on a sustainable basis is a national priority (Central bank of Sri Lanka, 2005). Despite, the pipe-borne water supply is considered as a method to supply water for people who are not access to the water, it has many contemporary impacts on water quantity’s change and consumption pattern. Thus, this study was conducted to find the pipe-borne water consuption and its wastages in Panandura urban area. The objectives of this study are ‘to evaluate the change of the quantity of pipe-borne water consumption, to find the factors for the water wastage and finding the mechanisms to reduce the water wastage and propose the proper water management plans’. This study was conducted using the primary and secondary data. As primary data, discussion, questionnaires were used and as secondary data, reports from national water supply and drainage board, Divisional Secretariat reports, books, research papers, newspaper, magazines, websites, qualitative and quantitative tools were used. Based on the analysis and using the collected data, objectives were attained as population growth, rise in income level, modern machinery utilization, urbanization are the reasons for the change of pipe-borne water consumption. And also, the main factors for the water wastages are the pattern of the water consumption of residents, water leaks and dearth of awareness among residents. To reduce the over consumption and wastage, frequently check the water leaks in households, recycle the used water, to follow the rain water harvesting methods and to conduct the awareness programmes among people regarding the water saving and wastage, were suggested as recommendations and importance of water saving and managemet also stressed in this study considering our posterity.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Laser land levelling increases rice productivity and saves water
Autorzy:: Abd El-Razek, Usama A.
Elsheery, Nabil I.
Abo-Yousef, Mahmoud I.
Khalifa, Mohamed
Tematy:: grain yield
laser land levelling
water productivity
water saving; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58906985.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Rice is a major food crop globally, but yields are threatened by inefficient production practices. Laser land levelling is a technology that can enhance rice cultivars through optimised field conditions and water use efficiency. This study evaluated the effects of laser versus traditional land levelling on productivity and water savings of three rice cultivars in Egypt using a two-year split-plot field experiment with three replications. The land levelling methods (laser levelling, normal levelling, no levelling) were assigned to the main plots, and three Egyptian rice cultivars (‘Sakha 108’, ‘Giza 177’, ‘Giza 178’) were grown in the sub-plots. Data was collected on crop yield parameters, grain production, water use, and water use efficiency. Results showed that laser levelling increased plant height, flag leaf area, panicles per plant, filled grains per panicle, seed setting percentage, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield compared to traditional practices. The highest yields were obtained with laser levelling of ‘Sakha 108’ (12.22-12.31 Mg∙ha-1) and ‘Giza 178’ (12.20-12.29 Mg∙ha-1), while recorded 9.12-10.30 Mg∙ha-1 in control fields. Laser levelling reduced total water use by 1793 m3 ∙ha-1 without reducing yields. Among cultivars, ‘Sakha 108’ had the highest water use efficiency under laser levelling. Overall, laser land levelling increased rice productivity by enhancing yield components and water productivity. Adoption of laser levelling could increase rice yields sustainably with less water usage in Egypt and similar regions. These findings demonstrate the benefits of laser levelling for enhancing rice cultivation through improved agronomic performance and water savings.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Recirculation of Backwash Water in the Water Treatment Plant for the Needs of the Combined Heat and Power Plant
Autorzy:: Komorowska-Kaufman, Małgorzata
Toczek, Maria
Tematy:: backwash water
reuse
recirculation
water saving
industrial water treatment plant
sustainability; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202210.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The power industry is one of the most water-consuming industries, therefore water management in this sector of the economy is a very important element of sustainable development. The analysis of the management of water streams at the surface water treatment plant (WTP) with decarbonization and ion exchange for water softening and demineralization was done. The main emphasis was placed on the effect of recycling of water used for the WTP’s own purposes on the quantity of water taken from the river and the quality of treated water. The article shows that water savings should also be sought at WTP in combined heat and power plants. Accurate distribution of used technological water streams and determination of their quality allows for the appropriate indication of the points of their return to the main technological line without additional treatment or only with the use of basic technological processes, e.g. sedimentation. In the analysed WTP, the quality of the backwash water returned after treatment was in terms of parameters, i.e. conductivity, hardness, alkalinity, CODKMnO4 and iron concentration, better than the quality of raw surface water. The reduction in the amount of water abstracted due to recycling of water treatment plant technological waters was about 8.3% (approximately 130 000 m3/year).
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: The potential for sustainable rainwater management through domestic rainwater harvesting based on real rainfall
Autorzy:: Burszta-Adamiak, Ewa
Przybylska, Aleksandra
Tematy:: overfall efficiency
rainwater harvesting system
rainwater management
retention
water saving; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58907001.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Rainwater harvesting systems (RWHs) are identified as an alternative technology that is important for sustainable stormwater management through reuse, conservation, and reduce runoff. In recent years there has been a growth of studies on the effectiveness of RWHs. However, analyses of the system performance based on the site specific conditions are still limited. The aim of the study was to assess of the potential for rainwater reuse (householder’s interest) and reduction of roof runoff by RWHs (an environment’s perspective) assumed in a singlefamily building. Two performance indicators have been calculated i.e. water saving potential (WSE) and overall efficiency (OE). Four realistic scenarios (S1-S4) and three main non-potable water requirements were defined. The results of the study showed that WSE and OE varied depending on the type and size of the tank, the economic purpose, and the amount and irregularity of precipitation. The potential for the use of water stored in above-ground tanks for plant watering ranged from 62 to 82%. Underground reservoirs, with a larger capacity, were able to cover water requirements for this purpose up to 100%. However, the OE of tanks receiving runoff from the entire roof area were at low levels. Values of OE ranged from 3.7 to 6.8%, from 5.5 to 9.2%, and from 42.9 to 71.0%, for above-ground (S1 and S2) and underground (S3) and (S4) tanks, respectively. The results of the study may be useful for planning domestic rainwater harvesting systems and for comparison with practices in other countries.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Enhancement in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop yield by water use efficiency under various planting techniques
Autorzy:: Ali, L.
Anum, W.
Hussain, G.
Shahid, M.I.
Tematy:: cotton
Gossypium hirsutum
crop yield
water use efficiency
planting technique
water saving; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Fundacja na Rzecz Młodych Naukowców
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/9999.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Six experiments were conducted for the enhancement in seed cotton yield by increasing water use efficiency and water savings in case of different planting methods of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop during the years 2014 & 2015, at three different locations in cotton zone of Punjab (Pakistan) province. The planting methods were, flat planting and no earthing up, flat planting and earthing up after 1st irrigation, flat planting and alternate row earthing after 1st irrigation, flat planting in 112.5/37.5 cm apart paired rows and earthing up after 1st irrigation, ridge planting and bed planting. Cotton crop obtained a maximum benefit from the available water at all three locations in case of flat planting with alternate row earthing up (P3) by predicting a maximum water use efficiency up to 6.79 kg ha-1 mm-1and maximum seed cotton yield of 3432.50 kg ha-1. Maximum water savings of 25.60% was recorded in the same method (P3) during the year 2014, while minimum (-0.17%) was observed in ridge planting (P5) at location number 1 in the same year.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Zakres wdrażania jednostki pływającej do ratowania płetwonurków w sytuacjach ekstremalnych
The range of the implementation of the lifeboat designed to save of divers in extreme situations
Autorzy:: Różański, P.
Sroka, M.
Tematy:: ratownictwo wodno-nurkowe
ratownictwo wodne
water life saving
diver's life saving; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Medycyny i Techniki Hiperbarycznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/366636.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono propozycję zastosowania szybko pływającej łodzi z uchylnym dziobem przeznaczonej do podejmowania nieprzytomnych płetwonurków z wody. Rozwiązanie ma zniwelować problem przenoszenia nieprzytomnego płetwonurka nad burtami łodzi ratunkowej. Prezentowany materiał oparto o trzy letni okres doświadczeń realizowanych podczas szkoleń Wodnego Ochotniczego Pogotowia Ratunkowego.
This article presents the proposal of the use of the quickly swimming boat equipped with the adjustable bow to designed to take the unconscious divers from water. The solution has to level the problem of the unconscious diver’s transfer over the lifeboat’s sides. Presented material was based on three years of experiments realized during the training of the Water Voluntary Ambulance Service.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Changes in Water Quality for Sprinkler Irrigation in Selected Lakes of the Poznan Lake District
Autorzy:: Stachowski, Piotr
Rolbiecki, Stanisław
Jagosz, Barbara
Krakowiak-Bal, Anna
Rolbiecki, Roman
Figas, Anna
Gumus, Mehmet
Atilgan, Atilgan
Tematy:: biological oxygen demand
faecal coli
Secchi disc
soluble oxygen
water-saving irrigation
water purity; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59113444.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The rapidly changing quality of irrigation water requires urgent attention to understand and predict the long-term effects on soils and food crops, especially in a situation of global freshwater scarcity. The aim of the research was to assess changes in water quality in two selected lakes located in Poland in 2009–2016. The study was carried out in terms of the possibility of using selected reservoirs as sources of water for sprinkler irrigation of agricultural crops. The presented analysis was compared with a similar one carried out in 1999–2006 and 2004–2009 to determine the historic and present water quality state. Results indicate, that the source of pollution of the lakes is most often outflows from sewerage systems, the precipitation and surface runoff from the catchment areas of these lakes, which are mainly used as agricultural land. In Lake Niepruszewskie, the oxygen conditions, water transparency, phosphorus content, sestone dry matter and coliform titre increased, while the biological oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrogen, and chlorophyll content decreased. According to present research, in the Strykowskie Lake, the phosphorus content and BOD5 decreased, while the sanitary condition, nitrogen content and oxygen conditions deteriorated. The reduction of mineral fertilization in recent years has reduced the degradation of the lakes and allowed the water quality to remain in Class III of purity. Despite the visible improvement in the general condition of both studied lakes, constant monitoring of their quality is necessary, which is obligatory for the water from these reservoirs to be used for sprinkler irrigation of crops.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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