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Tytuł:
Effect of ellagic acid on seizure threshold in two acute seizure tests in mice
Autorzy:
Poleszak, Ewa
Socała, Katarzyna
Pieróg, Mateusz
Wyska, Elżbieta
Wlaź, Piotr
Opis:
Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural dietary polyphenol that has many beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and neuroprotective effects. Studies have revealed that EA may modulate seizure activity in chemically induced animal models of seizures. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of EA on the seizure threshold in two acute seizure tests in male mice, i.e., in the intravenous (i.v.) pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizure test and in the maximal electroshock seizure threshold (MEST) test. The obtained results showed that EA (100 mg/kg) significantly elevated the threshold for both the first myoclonic twitch and generalized clonic seizure in the i.v. PTZ seizure test. At the highest dose tested (200 mg/kg), EA increased the threshold for tonic hindlimb extension in the MEST test. EA did not produce any significant changes in motor coordination (assessed in the chimney test) or muscular strength (investigated in the grip-strength test). The plasma and total brain concentration-time profiles of EA after intraperitoneal and oral administration were also determined. Although further studies are necessary to confirm the anticonvulsant activity of EA, our findings suggest that it may modulate seizure susceptibility in animal models.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EEG phase synchronization during absence seizures
Autorzy:
Latka, Miroslaw
Sebzda, Tadeusz
Walas, Wojciech
Krause, Małgorzata J.
Kuryło, Marta
Kaczorowska-Frontczak, Magdalena
West, Bruce J.
Glaba, Pawel
Kroczka, Sławomir
Jernajczyk, Wojciech
Opis:
Absence seizures—generalized rhythmic spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) are the defining property of childhood (CAE) and juvenile (JAE) absence epilepsies. Such seizures are the most compelling examples of pathological neuronal hypersynchrony. All the absence detection algorithms proposed so far have been derived from the properties of individual SWDs. In this work, we investigate EEG phase synchronization in patients with CAE/JAE and healthy subjects to explore the possibility of using the wavelet phase synchronization index to detect seizures and quantify their disorganization (fragmentation). The overlap of the ictal and interictal probability density functions was high enough to preclude effective seizure detection based solely on changes in EEG synchronization. We used a machine learning classifier with the phase synchronization index (calculated for 1 s data segments with 0.5 s overlap) and the normalized amplitude as features to detect generalized SWDs. Using 19 channels (10-20 setup), we identified 99.2% of absences. However, the overlap of the segments classified as ictal with seizures was only 83%. The analysis showed that seizures were disorganized in approximately half of the 65 subjects. On average, generalized SWDs lasted about 80% of the duration of abnormal EEG activity. The disruption of the ictal rhythm can manifest itself as the disappearance of epileptic spikes (with high-amplitude delta waves persisting), transient cessation of epileptic discharges, or loss of global synchronization. The detector can analyze a real-time data stream. Its performance is good for a six-channel setup (Fp1, Fp2, F7, F8, O1, O2), which can be implemented as an unobtrusive EEG headband. False detections are rare for controls and young adults (0.03% and 0.02%, respectively). In patients, they are more frequent (0.5%), but in approximately 82% cases, classification errors are caused by short epileptiform discharges. Most importantly, the proposed detector can be applied to parts of EEG with abnormal EEG activity to quantitatively determine seizure fragmentation. This property is important because a previous study reported that the probability of disorganized discharges is eight times higher in JAE than in CAE. Future research must establish whether seizure properties (frequency, length, fragmentation, etc.) and clinical characteristics can help distinguish CAE and JAE.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An uncommon manifestation of a common disease
Autorzy:
Dsilva, Giselle
Kulkarni, Vrinda
Aher, Sangeeta
Tematy:
disseminated cysticercosis
seizure
Taenia solium
Albendazole
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Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972179.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Neurocysticercosis is the common parasitic disease of the central nervous system. One of the uncommon manifestations and a rare complication is its disseminated form. Human cysticercosis is caused by the spreading of the embryo of Taenia solium in the intestine via the hepatoportal system to different tissues and internal organs of the body. The organs most commonly affected are the subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles, lungs, brain, eyes, liver, and occasionally the heart, thyroid, and pancreas. We report a case of a 62 year old male, who has been presented, with seizures and subcutaneous nodules on both extremities. After investigation he was diagnosed as a case of disseminated cysticercosis involving brain, subcutaneous tissue, liver, muscles and pericardial fat.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anticonvulsant profile of selected medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) co-administered with metformin in mice in acute and chronic treatment
Autorzy:
Socała, Katarzyna
Pieróg, Mateusz
Wyska, Elżbieta
Nieoczym, Dorota
Samorek-Pieróg, Małgorzata
Wlaź, Piotr
Opis:
In contrast to the other components of the medium-chain triglycerides ketogenic diet (MCT KD), i.e., caprylic acid (CA8), a comprehensive evaluation of caproic (CA6) and lauric acids’ (CA12) properties in standard chemical and electrical seizure tests in mice has not yet been performed. We investigated their effects in maximal electroshock seizure threshold (MEST), 6 Hz seizure threshold and intravenous (i.v.) pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizure tests. Since ketone body production can be regulated by the activation of 5′AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), we hypothesized that metformin (an AMPK activator) enhance ketogenesis and would act synergistically with the fatty acids to inhibit convulsions. We assessed the effects of acute and chronic co-treatment with metformin and CA6/CA8 on seizures. CA6 and CA12 (p.o.) increased seizure threshold in the 6 Hz seizure test. CA6 at the highest tested dose (30 mmol/kg) developed toxicity in several mice, impaired motor performance and induced ketoacidosis. Acute and chronic co-treatment with metformin and CA6/CA8 did not affect seizure thresholds. Moreover, we observed the pro-convulsive effect of the acute co-administration of CA8 (5 mmol/kg) and metformin (100 mg/kg). Since this co-treatment was pro-convulsive, the safety profile and risk/benefit ratio of MCT KD and metformin concomitant therapy in epileptic patients should be further evaluated.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Classification of Seizure Types Using Random Forest Classifier
Autorzy:
Basri, Ashjan
Arif, Muhammad
Tematy:
EEG
fast fourier transform
seizure
random forest
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Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2123290.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Epilepsy is one of the most common mental disorders in the world, affecting 65 million people. The prevalence in Arab countries of Epilepsy is estimated at 174 per 100,000 individuals, and in Saudi Arabia is 6.54 per 1,000 individuals. Epilepsy seizures have different types, and each patient needs to have a treatment plan according to the seizure type. Hence, accurate classification of seizure type is an essential part of diagnosing and treating epileptic patients. In this paper, features based on fast Fourier transform from EEG montages are used to classify different types of seizures. Since the distribution of classes is not uniform and the dataset suffers from severe imbalance. Various algorithms are used to under-sample the majority class and over-sample the minority classes. Random forest classifier produced classification accuracy of 96% to differentiate three types of seizures from the healthy EEG reading.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of new antiseizure drugs on seizure activity and anxiety-like behavior in adult zebrafish
Autorzy:
Guz, Leszek
Poleszak, Ewa
Socała, Katarzyna
Pieróg, Mateusz
Wyska, Elżbieta
Doboszewska, Urszula
Szopa, Aleksandra
Serefko, Anna
Wlaź, Piotr
Opis:
Several studies with larvae and adult zebrafish have shown that old and new antiseizure drugs (ASDs) produce discrepant results in seizure tests, locomotor activity or anxiety models. In this study, the pentylenetetrazole seizure test (PTZ) was performed to assess the effectiveness of four new ASDs: lamotrigine (LTG), topiramate (TPM), felbamate (FBM), and levetiracetam (LEV) in the subsequent stages of seizures in adult fish. All ASDs were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). The time of maximal anticonvulsant effect and the dose-response relationship of the drugs were assessed. The effects of studied ASDs on the locomotor activity and the anxiety-like behavior in the color preference test were also investigated. Furthermore, drug concentrations in zebrafish homogenates were determined. LTG, TPM, and LEV significantly increased the seizure latency at three subsequent stages of seizures (SI–SIII), while FBM was effective only at SI. Locomotor activity decreased after TPM treatment. TPM and FBM exhibited a strong anxiolytic-like effect in the color preference test. LEV at the highest dose tested had a weak anxiolytic-like effect. The HPLC analysis showed average concentrations of the studied ASDs in the fish body during their maximum anticonvulsant activity. The present study shows that FBM cannot inhibit all subsequent PTZ seizure stages in the adult fish. Except for LTG, the studied drugs affected the anxiety-like behavior of treated animals. Furthermore, only TPM significantly changed locomotion parameters. Our findings support the need to accurately characterize the efficacy of new ASDs at different stages of the PTZ-induced seizures in adult zebrafish.
Dostawca treści:
Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Basal ganglia calcifications is not inconsequential in pediatric cases
Autorzy:
Erok, Berrin
Tatar, Sertaç
Uzunhan, Tuğçe Aksu
Bezen, Diğdem
Önder, Hakan
Tematy:
basal ganglia calcification
idiopathic hypoparathyroidism
seizure
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2040198.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Introduction. Basal ganglia calcification (BGC) in pediatric population is rare and is considered as a pathological finding. Various causes may be responsible for BGC including hypoparathyroidism, various infectious, toxicities or hereditary disorders. Aim. We aimed to present a 8 year old boy presented with generalized seizure and bilateral small amount of globus pallidum calcifications on neuroimaging studies leading to the diagnosis of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, which is a treatable cause of seizure. Description of the case. A 8-year-old boy presented to our emergency department with generalized seizure for the first time in his life. There was no history of previous head trauma and his family history was unremarkable. Neurological examination revealed no pathological findings. Radiological imaging studies revealed only bilateral small amount of globus pallidus calcifications. He was referred to the pediatric endocrinology department for further evaluation of the hypocalcemic convulsion, where laboratory investigations revealed idiopathic hypoparathyroidism as the cause of hypocalcemic convulsion with exclusion of the other causes. Conclusion. Even a small amount of BGC in pediatric patients may be the sign of primary hypoparathyroidism and should be evaluated with serum electrolyte levels for early diagnosis and for the prevention of multisystemic complications of hypoparathyroidism.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 99

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