Temat: soil properties - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Biochar to Improve the Quality and Productivity of Soils
Autorzy:: Ścisłowska, M.
Włodarczyk, R.
Kobyłecki, R.
Bis, Z.
Tematy:: biomass
biochar
soil properties; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123546.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The paper presents the results of research focused on the investigations of the possibilities to use biochar to improve the quality and productivity of soils. Biochar is a material similar to the commonly known charcoal obtained from the thermolysis process (a process similar to dry distillation of wood). The structure and technical properties of biochar depend on the type of biomass which is produced and the thermal decomposition process conditions: process time, temperature and atmosphere. It was found that a positive effect of biochar on the soil properties is manifested through the improvement of soil fertility, better water retention, improvement of the cation exchange, and the regulation of the pH. The biochar used in the present study was obtained by autothermal thermolysis of biomass at 300 °C. Three types of biochars of different origin were used. The biochar samples were subjected to ultimate and proximate analysis, as well as structural and porosimetric investigations. The experimental research were also conducted on the experimental test field and gave a positive effect of the presence of biochar on soil quality and plant yield. Biochar introduced into soil allows for long-term storage of carbon. The introduction of biochar to soil has a positive effect on plant growth, higher dose resulted in an increase in biochar and plant mass.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Physicochemical Properties of Silt Loamy Soil and Diversity of Diatom Species Under Winter Wheat and Oats
Autorzy:: Stanek-Tarkowska, J.
Czyż, E. A.
Kaniuczak, J.
Poradowska, A.
Tematy:: diatoms
physical soil properties
chemical soil properties
yield of winter wheat
yield of oats; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125107.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The aim of the research was to investigate the soil properties and the species diversity of diatoms growing in different agricultural fields with silt loamy soil. The field experiment was conducted in 2014 in Kosina, near Łańcut (SE Poland), at three sites (indicated as fields K1, K2, K3) with different soil environmental conditions and plants. The growth of winter wheat Triticum aestivum (cv. Bogatka) in fields K1 and K2 and oats Avena Sativa (cv. Haker) in field K3 under different soil management were studied. The soil samples were collected from the top layers (0–5 cm depth) each month, from April to December. Certain physical and chemical parameters of soil were measured. The pH of soil was acidic and slightly acidic in fields K1 (5.0–5.4), K2 (4.9–5.9) and K3 (4.5–5.1). The soil in field K3 had a significantly greater content of organic matter (1.06–1.30%) and water content (12.9–33.8%, v/v) than fields K1 and K2. A total of 91 diatom taxa were found. The diversity was greatest in field K2 (71 taxa), lower in K1 (54 taxa) and K3 (24 taxa). In K1, the most numerous species were Luticola D.G. Mann cf. mutica, Mayamaea atomus var. permitis (Hust.) Lange-Bertalot, and Stauroneis thermicola (Petersen) Lund, with more than a 20% share in the assemblage. In K2, very abundant assemblages were formed by Mayamaea atomus (Kütz.) Lange Bertalot, Mayamaea atomus var. permitis (Hust.) Lange-Bertalot, and Stauroneis thermicola (Petersen) Lund with a 25 to 50% share in the total diatom community. In K3, with oat cultivation, a different diatom species structure was found. Here, the most abundant were Halamphora montana (Krasske) Levkov, Hantzchia amphioxys (Ehrenb.) Grunow, Mayamaea atomus (Kütz.) Lange-Bertalot, and Nitzschia pusilla Grunow, which attained a share in the assemblage exceeding than 20%. The effects of different soil management regimes under different plants on the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and on the diversity of diatoms, were significant (P<0.05). Soil water and organic matter content affects the yield of winter wheat and oats. Significant effects of water content and pH of silt loamy soil on the growth and the diversity of species of diatoms were found.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Occurrence of Azotobacter spp. in cultivated soils in Poland
Autorzy:: Kozieł, Monika
Martyniuk, Stefan
Siebielec, Grzegorz
Tematy:: abundance of Azotobacter spp.
soil
soil properties; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148493.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Azotobacter spp. are soil bacteria capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen and making it available to plants. This makes them microorganisms of hight importance to the agriculture. The distribution of these bacteria is a complicated subject and is correlated with diverse factors, witch determine the presence or absence of the bacteria in a specific soil. The soil properties as soil and fertility and climate conditions affect the abundance of diazotrophs. Research material consisted of 182 soil samples taken in 2015 from agricultural land in various voivodeships. The number of Azotobacter spp. was determined based on plate method. The presented study evaluated the abundance of Azotobacter spp. in various Polish soils and confirmed the relationship between soil properties and the presence of these bacteria. The studied bacteria were present in 37% of soil samples and numbers of these bacteria varied widely, from 3 to 10801 cfu g-1 of the soil. In the case of Azotobacter spp., soil acidity was also an important factor restricting the occurrence of these bacteria in soils.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Autorzy:: Szymański, Norbert
Żelazny, Mirosław
Piaszczyk, Wojciech
Lasota, Jarosław
Małek, Stanisław
Szlachta, Andrzej
Łyszczarz, Stanisław
Jasik, Michał
Błońska, Ewa
Opis:: Due to their sorption properties and high organic matter content, peatlands play an important role in the retention of pollutants, including heavy metals. This study aimed to assess the extent and level of heavy metal contamination in different types of histosols (fibric, hemic and sapric) found Polish peatlands. It was hipothesised that differences in peatland type, reflected in the degree of organic matter decomposition and chemical composition, would significantly influence the accumulation levels and geochemical behaviour of heavy metals. The study examined the chemical properties and heavy metal content of three peatland soil types across 277 systematically distributed sampling plots in Poland. From each plot, composite soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-15 cm and analysed for pH, total carbon and nitrogen, and exchangeable cations ($Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^{+}$, $Na^{+}$), and heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) using standardised laboratory procedures. The geo-accumulation index ($I_{geo}$) was applied to assess pollution intensity relative to regional geochemical backgrounds. Multivariate statistical techniques and spatial analysis were employed to identify patterns in soil chemistry and contamination. The results revealed significant differences in chemical properties between peatland types. Fibric histosols exhibited the lowest pH and the highest organic carbon content and C/N ratio, indicating a lower degree of decomposition. In contrast, sapric histosols exhibited a higher pH value, elevated levels of base cations (particularly $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$), and more advanced organic matter mineralisation. Concentrations of heavy metals (especially Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) were generally highest in sapric histosols, particularly in southern Poland. The geo-accumulation index ($I_{geo}$) showed that sapric histosols were more contaminated than fibric and hemic types, with the highest Igeo values observed for cadmium and chromium. Spatial analysis revealed that the most polluted areas, as defined by the $I_{geo}$ classification, were concentrated in the industrialised southern and south-western regions of Poland. These findings confirm that both natural and anthropogenic heavy metal accumulation are strongly influenced by peatland type and location. Statistical analysis showed strong correlations between metal content and pH, as well as cation concentrations ($Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^{+}$ and $Na^{+}$). The distinctiveness of the chemical and metal composition of different peatland types highlights the importance of considering soil type and parameters when assessing environmental risk. This study provides new insights into the distribution of heavy metals in Polish peatlands and their association with histosol type and soil chemical properties. It demonstrates that the peatland type significantly influences the accumulation and spatial distribution of heavy metals in soil, with sapric histosols showing the highest levels of contamination. These results emphasise the significance of peat decomposition stage, pH and base cation content in determining heavy metal retention.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Acidity and Sorption Properties of Zinc-Contaminated Soil Following the Application of Neutralising Substances
Autorzy:: Wyszkowski, M.
Modrzewska, B.
Tematy:: zinc contamination
compost
bentonite
zeolite
soil properties; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124770.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Soil plays the most important role in the cycling of elements in the terrestrial environment. Contamination of soil with heavy metals have effect on all soil organism and plants. For this reason, studies have been carried out to assess the possibility of neutralising the effect of zinc (0, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 mg Zn kg,^-1 of soil) on soil properties by applying neutralising substances (compost, bentonite and zeolite). Soil acidity and sorption properties depended on zinc contamination and on the type of neutralising substances added. In the series without an addition of neutralising substances, increasing zinc soil contamination resulted in a decrease in total exchangeable bases, in cation exchange capacity and in the saturation degree of the degree of base saturation, and an increase in soil hydrolytic acidity. An addition of bentonite to zinc-contaminated soil had the most advantageous effect of all the additions of neutralising substances on the tested soil properties. It resulted in an increase in soil pH, in total exchangeable bases, in cation exchange capacity, in the degree of base saturation and simultaneously decreased soil hydrolytic acidity compared to the series without additions. Adding zeolite and compost to soil had a small and usually insignificant effect on soil acidity and soil sorption properties.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Ecological risk, seasonal and depth variations of toxic elements in a closed landfill in Vietnamese Mekong Delta province
Autorzy:: Giao, Nguyen T.
Nhien, Huynh T.H.
Tematy:: environmental risk
heavy metals
landfill
soil properties; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312657.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The study was carried out to assess ecological risks at the closed landfill in Cai Dau town, Chau Phu district, An Giang province. Soil samples were collected at six locations (S1-S6) at depths of 0-20 cm and 60-80 cm in the rainy season (November 2020) and dry season (March 2021). The soil quality was evaluated using eight heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr and As). The results showed that most monitoring sites had heavy metal contents within the allowable limits for agricultural land of QCVN 03-MT:2015/BTNMT. Some heavy metals have been found to migrate to the soil layer of 60-80 cm. The heavy metals accumulation (Igeo) in the two soil layers did not differ; Ni, Cr, Pb and As accumulated at non-polluting levels - moderate to high in the rainy season, while Cr and As only accumulated in the dry season. The composite pollution index (PLI) indicated that the locations around the landfill were polluted; however, the ecological risk ranged from low to moderate (potential ecological risk index (PERI) = 102-195) in the rainy season. Only about 50% of study sites during the dry season were contaminated and the risk was low (PERI = 44-68). However, the area around the landfill always poses potential risks due to the presence of heavy metals, including Ni, Cr, As and Pb. Monitoring the heavy metals in the surrounding landfill for the potential risks to human health and environment is needed.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Digital mapping of soil properties using multivariate statistical analysis and ASTER data in an Arid Region
Autorzy:: Buddenbaum, Henning
Hill, Joachim
Nawar, Said
Opis:: Modeling and mapping of soil properties has been identified as key for effective land degradation management and mitigation. The ability to model and map soil properties at sufficient accuracy for a large agriculture area is demonstrated using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) imagery. Soil samples were collected in the El-Tina Plain, Sinai, Egypt, concurrently with the acquisition of ASTER imagery, and measured for soil electrical conductivity (EC_e), clay content and soil organic matter (OM). An ASTER image covering the study area was preprocessed, and two predictive models, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) and the partial least squares regression (PLSR), were constructed based on the ASTER spectra. For all three soil properties, the results of MARS models were better than those of the respective PLSR models, with cross-validation estimated R^2 of 0.85 and 0.80 for EC_e, 0.94 and 0.90 for clay content and 0.79 and 0.73 for OM. Independent validation of EC_e, clay content and OM maps with 32 soil samples showed the better performance of the MARS models, with R^2 = 0.81, 0.89 and 0.73, respectively, compared to R^2 = 0.78, 0.87 and 0.71 for the PLSR models. The results indicated that MARS is a more suitable and superior modeling technique than PLSR for the estimation and mapping of soil salinity (EC_e), clay content and OM. The method developed in this paper was found to be reliable and accurate for digital soil mapping in arid and semi-arid environments.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Sediment detachment in piping-prone soils : cohesion sources and potential weakening mechanisms
Autorzy:: Vojtíšek, Jan
Bruthans, Jiří
Stolarczyk, Mateusz
Bernatek-Jakiel, Anita
Zaleski, Tomasz
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Effects of different fire severity levels on soil chemical and physical properties in Zagros forests of western Iran
Autorzy:: Ali, Mahdavi
Mehdi, Heydari
Ali, Salehi
Mostafa, Adibnejad
Wydawca:: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, Komitet Nauk Leśnych PAN
Opis:: Przemysław Szmit
The study focused on the effect of different intensities of fire on physical and chemical properties of soil in Zagros forests of western Iran. The dominant tree species in these forests is oak (Quercus persica). Three sites were selected; high severity burned site (HS), low severity burned site (LS) and control (not burned) site (C). Soil chemical properties such as: organic matter (OM), the total nitrogen (N), NO3-N, soluble potassium (K), soil phosphorus (P), pH, soil electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), base cations (Ca, Mg, Na), CO2 and soil physical properties such as saturation percentage (SP), bulk density (BD), sand, clay and silt percentages were assessed in soil samples. To determine significance of differences among the three observed sites and most effective variables in the separation of sample plots, one-way analysis of variance and principal component analysis were used, respectively. Mean pH, N, NO3- N, OM, SP, P, K, and CEC at HS site were lower than at the sites with other fire intensities but the EC value for HS site was higher in comparison with other sites observed. According to Duncan's test, mean BD value for HS site was higher when compared with other sites but SP value was comparatively lowest. At LS site, mean sand content was lowest and the amount of silt was highest, in comparison with other sites. The results showed that observed fire severities had significant effects on physical and chemical properties of soil, yet fire low severity and control sites were very similar to each other in terms of investigated factors. Therefore, it can be concluded that low-severity fire regime has no significant influence on soil properties. In a management strategy, controlled low-severity fire regime can be an alternative management tool in improving soil conditions.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Effect of application of some organic amendments on soil properties, extractable micronutrients and their chemical fractions in a sandy loam soil
Autorzy:: Dey, Ahana
Srivastava, Prakash Chandra
Pachauri, Satya Pratap
Shukla, Arvind Kumar
Tematy:: chemical fractions
micronutrients
organic amendments
soil properties; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2088187.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: In a 120-day incubation study, farmyard manure (FYM), mushroom compost (MC), poultry manure (PM), vermi-compost (VC), biogas slurry (BS) and biochar from Lantana sp.; a common weed (BC) each added at 15 t ha-1 significantly increased soil electrical conductivity and organic C content, however, only VC failed to increase soil organic C content significantly but increased soil pH when compared with the control sample. Among organic amendments, FYM, MC, VC and BS increased DTPA-extractable Zn and Mn in soil significantly when compared with the control sample, while BC was significantly effective in regard to increasing both DTPA-extractable Mn and hot water soluble B when compared with the control sample. Application of FYM and MC significantly increased DTPA-extractable Cu and Fe, respectively when compared with the control sample. Simple correlation and path coefficient analysis were performed to identify key chemical fractions of micronutrients in soil having the direct and indirect effects on availability of micronutrients in organically amended soils. Based on soil extractable concentrations of micronutrients in organically amended soils, FYM appeared to be the best source of Zn, Cu and Mn, while MC could serve as the best source of Fe. Biochar from Lantana sp. may serve as a good source of B.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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