Temat: tree size - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Effect of street conditions, including saline aerosol, on growth of the Small-leaved limes
Wpływ warunków przyulicznych, w tym aerozolu solnego, na wzrost lip drobnolistnych
Autorzy:: Borowski, J.
Pstragowska, M.
Tematy:: Small-leaved lime
Tilia cordata
environment pollution
lime
plant growth
saline aerosol
salinity stress
street condition
street habitat
street tree
tree size
urban tree; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Dendrologiczne
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888469.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: There is increasing number of trees dying in large urban agglomerations. The problem is mostly pronounced in the case of street trees. In Polish cities, apart of pollutions generated by traffic, an important factor that causes death of trees is high salt concentration as a result of winter salt application for de-icing of streets. The aim of the study was to assess the growth of limes (Tilia cordata) planted along highly trafficked Warsaw street and exposed, among others, to salt in a form of saline aerosol. The assessment of shoot length, tree height and crown volume, based on the photographic method of the three increment assessments, showed very restrained growth of the studied limes. In the years 2006-2008 the trees performed so poorly as in similar period of 2003-2005 and grew worse than limes form natural habitats. In 2009 we even observed decrease in size of street trees as compared to 2008 which suggests both very bad condition of street habitats and the studied trees. Salt concentration measured on the surface of tree buds and shoots (EC) was higher in street trees than in trees from natural habitats, which indicates that saline aerosol is the source of sodium chloride. We observed highly diversified reactions of individual trees to the whole complex of street conditions. It is therefore recommended to select for propagation individuals from among most tolerant and vigorously growing plants (genotypes) to be used in street planting.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Species composition and structure of forest stands
Species composition and structure of forest stands in Phyllitido-Aceretum community
Autorzy:: Szwagrzyk, Jerzy
Bodziarczyk, Jan
Współwytwórcy:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Ekologii
Wydawca:: Oficyna Wydawnicza Instytutu Ekologii PAN
Powiązania:: 3. Bodziarczyk J., Kucharzyk S. 1991 - Stanowiska języcznika zwyczajnego Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newm. na Pogórzu Strzyżowskim i na Pogórzu Dynowskim [The localities of the hart's tongue, Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newm., in the Strzyżowskie and the Dynowskie Foothills] - Chroń. Przyr. Ojcz. 47: 75-80.
25. Woods K. D. 1984 - Patterns of tree replacement: canopy effects on understorey pattern in hemlock-northern hardwood forests - Vegetatio, 56: 87-107.
15. Ripley B. D. 1981 - Spatial statistics - Wiley and Sons, London, 252 pp.
10. Michalik S., Mazur W. 1991 - Roślinność rezerwatu leśno-krajobrazowego Sine Wiry w Bieszczadach Zachodnich [The vegetation of the Sine Wiry forest-landscape reserve, West Bieszczady] - Ochr. Przyr. 49: 3-21.
21. Święs F. 1982 - Geobotaniczna charakterystyka lasów dorzeczy Jasiołki i Wisłoka w Beskidzie Niskim [Geobotanical characteristics of the Jasiołka and Wisłok tributary rivers in the Beskid Niski Mts] - Tow. Przyj. Nauk Przemyśl, 107 pp.
2. Bodziarczyk J. 1996 - Języcznik zwyczajny Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newm. w parkach narodowych Polski [The hart's tongue fern Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newm. in national parks of Poland] - Parki Narodowe (in press).
17. Staszkiewicz J. 1973 - Zbiorowiska leśne okolic Szymbarku (Beskid Niski) [Forest communities of the vicinity of Szymbark] - Instytut Geografii PAN, Dokument. geogr. 1: 73-97.
20. Szwagrzyk J., Ptak J. 1991 - Metody analizy struktury przestrzennej populacji i zbiorowisk oparte na znajomości rozmieszczenia osobników [Analyses of spatial structure of populations and communities based on mapped point patterns of individuals] - Wiad. ekol. 37: 107-124.
6. Jaworski A., Karczmarski J. 1991 - Struktura i dynamika drzewostanów o charakterze pierwotnym w Pienińskim Parku Narodowym [Structure and dynamics of virgin type stands in the Pieniny National Park] - Zesz. nauk. Krak., Leśn., 20: 45-83.
18. Szwagrzyk J. 1990 - Natural regeneration of forest related to the spatial structure of trees: A study of two forest communities in western Carpathians, southern Poland - Vegetatio, 89: 11-22.
24. Włoczewski T. 1972 - Dynamika rozwoju drzewostanów w oddziale 319 Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego [Dynamics of the development of tree stands in forest compartment no. 319 in Białowieża National Park] - Folia for. pol. 20: 5-37.
14. Peterken G. F., Jones E. W. 1987 - Forty years of change in Lady Park Wood: the old-growth stands - J. Ecol. 75: 477-512.
11. MullerR. N. 1982 - Vegetation patterns in the mixed mesophytic forest of eastern Kentucky - Ecology 63: 1901-1917.
9. Medwecka-Kornaś A. 1952 - Zespoły leśne Jury Krakowskiej [Forest associations of the jurasic region near Kraków (Cracow)] - Ochr. Przyr. 20: 133-236.
22. Wika S. 1978 – Badania synekologiczne lasów środkowej części Wyżyny Krakowsko-Wieluńskiej [The synecological investigations in forest communities of the central part of Kraków-Wielun Upland] – Uniwersytet Śląski, Katowice, 133 pp. (Ph. D. Thesis, manuscript).
7. Kozłowska A. B., Matuszkiewicz J. M. 1993 - Przegląd fitosocjologiczny zbiorowisk leśnych Polski - jaworzyny górskie (A phytosocjological review of the forest communities in Poland - suballiance Acerenion] - Fragm. Flor. gebot. 38: 277-302.
Ekologia Polska
8. Kozłowski T. T., Kramer P. J., Pallardy S. G. 1991 - The physiological ecology of woody plants - Academic Press, San Diego, 657 pp.
13. Pancer-Kotejowa E. 1973 - Zbiorowiska leśne Pienińskiego Parku Narodowego [Forest communities of Pieniny National Park (Western Carpathians)] - Fragm. flor. geobot. 19: 197-258.
19. Szwagrzyk J., Czerwczak M. 1993 - Spatial patterns of trees in natural forests of East-Central Europe - J. Veg. Sci. 4: 469-476.
4. Diggle P. J. 1983 - Statistical analysis of spatial point patterns - Academic Press, London, 148 pp.
1. Bodziarczyk J. 1992 - The structure of selected hart's tongue, Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newm. populations, as related to ecological factors - Ekol. pol. 40: 439-460.
12. Oliver C. D., Larson B. C. 1990 - Forest stand dynamics - McGraw-Hill, Inc. New York, 467 pp.
23. Winnicki T., Zemanek B. 1987 - Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newm. i Phyllitido-Aceretum w Bieszczadach Zachodnich [Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newm. and Phyllitido-Aceretum association in the Western Bieszczady Mts. (Polish Estern Carpathians)] - Zesz. nauk. Uniw. Jag. Pr. Bot. 14: 135-140.
5. Dziewolski J. 1991 - Naturalny rozwój drzewostanów Pienińskiego Parku Narodowego w czasie 51 lat (1936-1987) [Natural development of forest stands in the Pieniny National Park over the period of 51 years (1936-1987)] - Ochr. Przyr. 49: 111-128.
16. Sokal R. R., Rohlf F. J. 1981 – Biometry - Freeman and Co., New York, 859 pp.
Opis:: Streszczenie w języku polskim
This study is based on data taken from literature and on our own research conducted in Pieniny National Park. The sycamore maple is one of the main tree species in Phyllitido-Aceretum, but very seldom the most abundant one. Spatial distribution of trees, ascertained using the Ripley's K function, follows the random pattern. Negative spatial relationship between tree species at local spatial scales probably reflects site patchiness. The size structure of tree stands in Phyllitido-Aceretum is similar to that of beech forests, but the stand density is two times lower. Slope instability can be a plausible explanation of this phenomenon.
Bibliographical references (pages 172-173)
Pages 153-173 : illustrations ; 24 cm
Abstract in Polish
Bibliografia na stronach 172-173
Strony 153-173 : ilustracje ; 24 cm
Dostawca treści:: RCIN - Repozytorium Cyfrowe Instytutów Naukowych

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Size and localisation of knots in timber from mountain spruce stands in the Dolomites
Autorzy:: Barszcz, A.
Sandak, A.
Sandak, J.
Tematy:: size
localization
knot
timber
mountain spruce
tree stand
Dolomites
knot healthiness; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38333.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The aim of the study was evaluation of knots in wood of 150-year-old Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] in stands situated at the altitude of 1450– 1740 m above sea level in the Dolomites in Italian section of the Alps. In selected stands, spruce trees were cut down and their length, stem thickness, height to the crown base and stem diameters at every 1 m along the length of merchantable bole were measured. The diameter of knots was measured and they were classified according to their healthiness and the degree of their tightness with the surrounding wood. The relative knot diameters were calculated and the relative height of their location on stem was determined. In total on sample trees there were analysed 1070 knots, of which sound knots (close to 75%) and tight (more than 60%) prevailed. Sound and tight knots had largest diameters, relative diameters and relative heights of location on merchantable boles. The smallest diameters and relative diameters were indicated by rotten and not tight knots that were located at the lowest merchantable bole parts.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: The variability of dimensions of Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. acorns in Poland
Autorzy:: Barzdajn, W
Tematy:: variability
acorn size
dimension
Polska
acorn
forest tree
Quercus robur
Quercus petraea; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41726.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The paper includes results of measurements of the length and diameter of 12600 acorns of Quercus robur and 5099 acorns of Q. petraea collected in Poland in the mast-year 1993. Acorns of both species were compared. Significant differences in acorn length and diameter/length ratio were found. Acorns of Q. robur are somewhat larger, but both species have a large common area of variability. The scale of this variability has been determined. Geographical correlation of the size of Q. robur acorns was ascertained.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Natural drying of fruit trees wood
Naturalne suszenie drewna drzew owocowych
Autorzy:: Lisowski, A.
Grela, M.
Sypula, M.
Swietochowski, A.
Dabrowska-Salwin, M.
Tematy:: natural drying
drying
wood drying process
fruit tree
wood
particle size
mathematical model; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56181.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The aim of this study was to evaluate the fit of mathematical models for drying wet wood chunks with a length of 60 ±1 mm and a diameter of 10 ±2 mm and dry wood chips size of 40 ±10 mm obtained from the branches of fruit trees stored for a 6--months period under natural conditions. Biomass moisture was measured on a monthly basis. For moisture ratio the parameters of nine mathematical models and their statistical evaluation were developed. It was found that wet wood chunks had a large shrinkage (15%) which was probably due to the high content of soft wood tissue in the branches. During the storage of wet wood chunks the moisture decreased significantly, from 47.57 to 10.84%, and the dry chips only slightly (from 11.85 to 8.04%), and in both cases at the end of drying the biomass reached an equilibrium moisture. The best model reflecting changes moisture ratio of wet wood chunks is the Page's model, but the Wang's, Singh's and logarithmic models, may also be used for drying a moist biomass under natural conditions. Drying of dry wood chips is best represented by the logarithmic model, but for this kind of material a Page's, Wang's and Singh's, two term and Midilli's et al. models can be used. Modeling in natural conditions requires consideration of ambient conditions, especially air temperature and relative humidity.
Celem pracy była ocena dopasowania matematycznych modeli suszenia dla wilgotnych kawałków drewna o długości 60 ±1 mm i średnicy 10 ±2 mm oraz podsuszonych zręb-ków o wymiarze 40 ±10 mm uzyskanych z gałęzi drzew owocowych przechowywanych przez okres 6 miesięcy w warunkach naturalnych. Wilgotność biomasy zmierzono w okresach miesięcznych. Dla zredukowanej zawartości opracowano parametry dziewięciu modeli matematycznych oraz ich oceny statystyczne. Stwierdzono, że wilgotne kawałki drewna miały duży skurcz suszarniczy (15%), który prawdopodobnie wynikał z dużej zawartości tkanki miękkiej w gałęziach. W okresie przechowywania wilgotność wilgotnych kawałków drewna zmniejszyła się istotnie, z 47,57 do 10,84% a suchych zrębków tylko nieznacznie (z 11,85 do 8,04%) i w obu przypadkach pod koniec suszenia biomasa osiągnęła wilgotność równowagową. Najlepszym modelem odzwierciedlającym zmiany zredukowanej zawartości wody w wilgotnych kawałkach drewna okazał się model Page'a, ale modele Wanga i Singha oraz logarytmiczny mogą być również wykorzystane do suszenia biomasy wilgotnej w warunkach naturalnych. Suszenie podsuszonych zrębków jest najlepiej reprezentowane przez model logarytmiczny, ale do tego rodzaju materiału mogą być użyte modele Page'a, Wanga i Singha, dwuwyra-żeniowy oraz Midilliego i innych. Modelowanie w warunkach naturalnych wymaga uwzględnienia warunków otoczenia, a zwłaszcza temperatury i wilgotności względnej powietrza.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Laboratory determination of potential interception of young deciduous trees during low-intense precipitation
Autorzy:: Klamerus-Iwan, A.
Sporysz, M.
Tematy:: deciduous tree
rainfall
intensity
simulated rainfall
potential interception
raindrop size
Fagus sylvatica
Quercus robur
laboratory determination
precipitation; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38420.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The research issue focuses on potential interception, which is the maximum amount of water that can be stored on plant surface. Tests under controlled conditions remain the best way to enhance knowledge on interception determinants in forest communities. Such tests can provide data for identification of mathematical models based on ecological criteria. The study presented in this paper concerned tree interception under simulated rain in a range from 2 to 11 mm/h. To perform the experiment a set of sprinklers was designed and built. The study included two deciduous species: beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and oak (Quercus robur L.). Descriptive characteristic and nonlinear estimation were suggested for the obtained data. Interdependence of potential interception, the intensity of rain and the size of raindrops were described using exponential equation. The intensity and drop size of simulated rainfall significantly influence the obtained values of potential interception. Data analysis shows a decrease of interception value with an increase of intensity of simulated rainfall for both analysed species. Every run of the experiment that differed in the intensity and size of raindrops reached an individual level of potential interception and time needed to realize it. The formation of ability of plants to intercept water depends both on the dynamics and the time of spraying.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Optimisation of thinning of apple fruitlets cv. 'Braeburn Mariri Red'
Autorzy:: Szot, I.
Lipa, T.
Tematy:: apple tree
Braeburn Mariri Red cultivar
thinning
chemical thinning
fruitlet thinning
fruit size
benzyladenine
cytokinin
metamitron
thinning agent; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13925588.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Wpływ wielkości jaja (objętości, szerokości i długości) na wzrost i rozwój piskląt mazurka
Egg size and nestling growth in tree sparrow
Acta Ornithologica, vol. 39, no. 2
The effect of egg size on growth and survival of the tree sparrow Passer montanus nestlings
Autorzy:: Pinowski, Jan (1930– )
Hahm, Kyu-Hwang
Bartha, Andrzej
Barkowska, Mirosława
Polska Akademia Nauk. Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii
Pinowska, Barbara
Lebedeva, Natalia
Współwytwórcy:: Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences
Wydawca:: Museum & Institute of Zoology
Powiązania:: Acta Ornithologica
Opis:: S. [121]-135 : il. ; 27 cm
P. [121]-135 : il. ; 27 cm
Streszcz. pol. Nazwy taksonów także w jęz. łac.
The paper analyses the effect of egg dimensions (volume, breadth, and length) on the growth and development of Tree Sparrow nestlings on successive days of life. Egg size did not influence nestling mortality. It was found that for most days of nestling life, the mean volume and breadth of eggs were positively correlated with the mean mass of nestlings in the nest. Similarly, the deviation of the volume and breadth of a particular egg from the mean egg volume and breadth in the clutch was positively correlated with the deviation of nestling mass from the mean nestling mass in the nest. Nestling growth and development in terms of asymptotic mass (g), maximum growth rate (g/day), tarsus length, and longest remex length were also positively correlated with egg size. The effect of egg size was particularly pronounced in the period of termination of intensive growth rate, development of thermoregulation, and feather development. It is possible that larger eggs contain more microelements, hormones, antioxidants, and vitamins.
Bibliogr. p. 132-134
Bibliogr. s. 132-134
Abstract. pol.
Dostawca treści:: RCIN - Repozytorium Cyfrowe Instytutów Naukowych

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Egg size and hatching rate
Wpływ wielkości jaja na sukces wykluwania u mazurka w centralnej Polsce
The effect of egg size on hatching rate in the tree sparrow Passer montanus (study in Central Poland)
Acta Ornithologica, vol. 37, no. 1
Autorzy:: Pinowski, Jan (1930– )
Hahm, Kyu-Hwang
Barkowska, Miłosława
Lebedeva Natalia
Pinowska, Barbara
Współwytwórcy:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii
Wydawca:: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN
Powiązania:: Acta Ornithologica
Opis:: Streszcz. pol. Nazwy taksonów także w jęz. łac.
P. [7]-14 : ill. ; 27 cm
Abstract in Polish. Taxa in Latin
Bibliogr. s. 13-14
S. [7]-14 : il. ; 27 cm
Bibliogr. p. 13-14
The analysis covered 1332 Tree Sparrow eggs, 1053 of them hatched, in 257 clutches of which 114 were fully successful, 119 partially so, and 24 were deserted. The mean egg mass in deserted clutches was lower than in clutches where hatching success was total or partial but not significantly so. The mean hatching success per clutch increased with the mean egg mass. The individual eggs in fully hatched clutches weighed significantly more (2.21 g) than those in partially hatched clutches (2.17 g), and were also heavier than "infertile" eggs(2.14 g). During nest inspections to ascertain the egg laying sequence, the egg mass in 5-egg clutches with full and partial hatching success was found to be higher than in deserted clutches. The eggs in fully hatched clutches were broader than "infertile" eggs.
Dostawca treści:: RCIN - Repozytorium Cyfrowe Instytutów Naukowych

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Comparison of three sour cherry cultivars grown in Central-Eastern Poland
Autorzy:: Borowy, A.
Chrzanowska, E.
Kapłan, M.
Tematy:: Central-Eastern Poland
plant cultivar
fruit tree
sour cherry
mahaleb cherry
Kelleris 16 cultivar
Lutowka cultivar
Nefris cultivar
plant cultivation
fruit crop
fruit quality
fruit size
flavonoids content
phenolic acid
anthocyanin
productivity index
DPPH method
dodine
thiacloprid; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11888483.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Sour cherry is one of the most important fruit crops in Poland and cultivar is an important factor in its cultivation. The experiment was conducted in a commercial family orchard in a year characterized by a warm and wet spring and also by a very hot and dry summer. Fruit yields harvested from well fertilized 19-years old ‘Kelleris 16’, ‘Nefris’ and ‘Łutówka’ trees grafted on Mahaleb cherry and protected against pests using integrated plant protection system were medium high and of good quality, however productivity index of a tree was low. The fruits attained high weight and diameter and contained big amounts of sugars, vit. C, anthocyanins and flavonoids and medium amount of phenolic acids. Among anthocyanins the most important were cyanidin 3-glucosyl-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside. Antioxidant activity of fruits measured as percent of DPPH inhibition was high and similar among compared cultivars. Łutówka was the most productive cultivar of medium leaf and fruit size and with fruits of highest vit. C and flavonoids content and lowest total sugars and monosaccharides content. The least productive cultivar was Nefris, though its fruits were the biggest and contained dry matter, soluble solids, anthocyanins and phenolic acids in the highest amounts of all and vit. C at the lowest level of all. Kelleris 16 was the medium productive cultivar characterized by widest leaf blades and smallest fruits. Content of total sugars and monosaccharides in its fruits was the highest and content of anthocyanins and phenolic acids was the lowest. Residues of dodine and thiacloprid determined in the fruits immediately after harvest were much lower than the permissible residue maximum level.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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