Temat: understanding - Prolib Integro

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Understanding without Explanation: A Still Open Issue
Autorzy:: David-Rus, Richard
Tematy:: scientific understanding
understanding without explanation; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142959.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This paper takes a stance in the debate concerning scientific understanding. It claims that the case for a specific type of understanding, understanding without explanation (UwE), is still open, despite the tendency in the current literature that might suggest otherwise. The paper begins by situating the distinction between an explanatory and non-explanatory understanding in the debate on understanding by introducing Lipton’s account of UwE. The paper then discusses the significance of Lipton’s proposals for the debate and argues that Kelp’s interpretation does not exhaust the challenge they pose to any theory of understanding. The paper then examines the best articulated critique of Lipton’s account provided by Khalifa and rejects it as inadequate. It ends by sketching out a list of positive reasons that support the continued examination of UwE.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: An approach to task representation based on object features and affordances
Autorzy:: Indurkhya, Bipin
Gajewski, Paul
Opis:: Multi-purpose service robots must execute their tasks reliably in different situations, as well as learn from humans and explain their plans to them. We address these issues by introducing a knowledge representation scheme to facilitate skill generalization and explainability. This scheme allows representing knowledge of the robot’s understanding of a scene and performed task. We also present techniques for extracting this knowledge from raw data. Such knowledge representation and extraction methods have not been explored adequately in previous research. Our approach does not require any prior knowledge or 3D models of the objects involved. Moreover, the representation scheme is easy to understand for humans. The system is modular so that new recognition or reasoning routines can be added without changing the basic architecture. We developed a computer vision system and a task reasoning module that works with our knowledge representation. The efficacy of our approach is demonstrated with two different tasks: hanging items on pegs and stacking one item on another. A formalization of our knowledge representation scheme is presented, showing how the system is capable of learning from a few demonstrations.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Reading and Understanding Texts
Autorzy:: Podlasińska, Ilona
Tematy:: reading
understanding texts; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/916847.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The ability to read effectively is essential to the success in life. Unfortunately many students experience difficulty in mastering this skill. That is why in this article I have presented certain techniques which can help to develop and improve the students' reading skills. Reading is widely considered to be a passive process whereas it is an active and involving one. To be able to read effectively, the reader must work out what they want to achieve and how well they are progressing. Reading is an active and interactive process involving many skills. Therefore the teacher's role in enhancing the reading skills is enormous.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: International Mindedness in Education
Autorzy:: Lacarte, Agustina
Tematy:: mindedness
intercultural understanding; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454244.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: In this paper we will explain what International Mindedness is, why we should teach it and how. International Mindedness could be understood as an interest in problems that require the efforts of different people and nations in order to be successfully resolved. As educators, we not only want our students to be aware of global issues, but to actually care about them. If they are the ones who will lead the next generations as scientists, politicians, or economists, they are the ones who can contribute to the end of certain practices, such as student drop out or global warming. So, as teachers, we have to give them the necessary skills, abilities and knowledge to help them deal with personal and global issues that will contribute to a more tolerant and peaceful world.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: The role of categorization in understanding
Autorzy:: Piłat, Robert
Tematy:: categorization
understanding
explanation
hermeneutics; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703064.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: In this article, I am examining the role of categorization in understanding. The problem arises from well-known distinction between explanation and understanding, which has been for a century pursued in hermeneutic tradition. Categorization belongs to explanatory endeavor and its role in understanding is unclear. In order to delimit the scope of inquiry I am focusing on the weakest kind of categorization, so called categorization ad hoc. I am examining the hypothesis to the effect that categorization plays its role in hermeneutic circle as some sort of pre-understanding. Eventually, however, I reject this hypothesis. It is because it leads to hermeneutic paradox: The notion of pre-understanding has a meaning only in the context of full-fledged understanding, which is an unattainable ideal. Such ideal cannot be used as a personal criterion of the quality of one’s understanding. There is a tension between the feeling of understanding and the scarcity of personal means to justify this feeling. I am suggesting that similar, albeit weaker effect occurs also in more elaborate, scientific categorizations. What is really wrong in the passage from categorization to understanding is some form of self-understanding: We do not know whether we understand better, or at all when we put some categorical order onto our experience. We do not seem to have the required meta-understanding.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Pięć koncepcji dialogu
Autorzy:: Gadacz, Tadeusz
Tematy:: dialogue
communication
understanding
hermeneutics; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789836.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Dialogue is a necessary way of inhabiting a shared world. However, the concept of dialogue at present has become ambiguous and often abused. The purpose of this article is to introduce order into this conceptual ambiguity. Ferdinand de Saussure distinguished language (langue) from speech (parole), and following him, Paul Ricoeur wrote about discourse of the event. Here different concepts of dialogue begin. Dialogue understood as the communication, in which the accent is located in the discourse, argumentation serving to elaborate a consensus of action taken and dialogue understood as a meeting of persons. Two first concepts of dialogue are found in Jürgen Habermas’ communication theory and in Ricoeur’s dialogue led in the form of ‘hospitality lent by language’. If the essence of communication theory of Habermas is a discourse, then the essence of Ricoeur’s ‘hospitality lent by language’ is an understanding of others. The essence of the third concept of dialogue, also called the meeting, developed by twentieth-century philosophy of dialogue, are presence and love. There is also a fourth form of dialogue introduced by Georg Simmel, constituting a priori foundations of social life. For him a function or a social role is the centre. However, we can also find the fifth form of dialogue in dialogical hermeneutics of Hans Georg Gadamer, trying to combine the discursive and personal dimensions. For him the centre is both the presence of other, as well as the truth happening in dialogue. All these conceptions of dialogue have important significance for pedagogy.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: The issue of intellectual intuition in metaphysics
Autorzy:: Piętka, Dariusz
Tematy:: intuition
meaning
understanding
separation; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1070366.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article presents problems of intellectual intuition in metaphysics from a semiotic point of view. There are various types of intuition in philosophy: rational intuition, irrational intuition, and sensual intuition. All of them are immediate ways of cognition. Classical metaphysics uses intellectual intuition as its main method to find out and justify its statements. The main problem of intellectual intuition is an intersubjective approach to the object of metaphysics. The main aim of this paper is the objectivization and rationalization of intellectual intuition in language. The semantic notion of meaning and the pragmatic notion of understanding are the fundamental tools which are used to translate the issue of intuition from the subject-ma$er level into the language level. This operation allows to look at intuition in a non-psychological manner. It enables the objectivization of the method of intellectual intuition in the light of the understanding of meanings.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: English-Language Advertising Slogans and Their Ukrainian Translations: Comprehension Among Ukrainians
Anglojęzyczne slogany reklamowe i ich ukraińskie tłumaczenia, a ich pojmowanie przez Ukraińców
Autorzy:: Bihunov, Dmytro
Ivashkevych, Ernest
Tematy:: advertisement
translation
slogans
understanding; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49098265.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article deals with the study of advertising slogans. A selection of English-language slogans and their translations into Ukrainian are presented. Their categorisation according to phonetic, lexical and syntactical principles facilitates the comparison between the inner meaning of the English slogans and their reflection or transformation into Ukrainian variants. The article attempts to investigate the perception and understanding of advertising slogans in English and their Ukrainian variants by the general Ukrainian-speaking public.
Autorzy prowadzą badania nad sloganami reklamowymi. Przedstawiają wybrane slogany anglojęzyczne i ich tłumaczenia na język ukraiński. Ich klasyfikacja według cech fonetycznych, leksykalnych i składniowych pozwala na porównanie wewnętrznego znaczenia sloganów angielskich z ich odzwierciedleniem lub transformacją na warianty ukraińskie. Autorzy podejmują próbę analizy percepcji i zrozumienia sloganów reklamowych w języku angielskim i ich ukraińskich wariantów przez ogół ukraińskojęzycznych odbiorców.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Factual and experiential understanding as the goals of the 21st century education
Autorzy:: Jankowska, Dorota Małgorzata
Tematy:: goals of education
educational policy
pedagogy of the humanistic paradigm
pedagogy of the positivist paradigm
understanding
factual understanding
experiential understanding; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45253115.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The author draws our attention to the importance and complexity of developing learners' understanding as the goal of education. Her starting point is the proposal of distinguishing two types of understanding, arising from different paradigms and highlighting different aspects of this process. She distinguishes factual understanding, which is the focus of traditional pedagogy embedded in the positivist paradigm, which comes down to the mental process of updating knowledge about objective reality, and experiential understanding, the importance of which is recognized by humanistic pedagogy, which assumes that the world available to a man is a reality of values and meanings, and the process of understanding should be considered as a feature of the human way of being, consisting in their constant interpretation. In the context of this duality of meanings of understanding, she considers the presence of factual and experiential understanding in the teleological pedagogical discourse - creating goals for the 21st century education. For this purpose, she reflects on leading international educational reports and documents regarding the education system in Poland (educational reports and provisions of legal acts), as well as recalls the classic taxonomy of goals, which is a model for practitioners in formulating educational goals. The analyzes lead to the conclusion that while at the level of setting the final goals, the importance of education in understanding the world in the sense of experiential understanding is indicated, this perspective changes at the level of intermediate and specific goals, where understanding has only material connotations.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Podróżny horyzont rozumienia
Traveling understanding horizon
Autorzy:: Kozicka, Dorota
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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