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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 47
Tytuł:
Synthesis and Physico-chemical Studies of Base Catalyzed Methanolysis of Some Virgin Tropical Seed Oils
Autorzy:
Esonye, Chizoo
Onukwuli, Okechukwu Dominic
Ofoefule, Akuzuo Uwaoma
Tematy:
Extraction
Physico-chemical Parameters
Transesterification; Biodiesel
Vegetable oils
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Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1113573.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The physico-chemical characterization of Prunus amygdalus, Dacryodes edulis and Chrysophillum albidium seed oils were investigated, together with their methyl esters. The vegetable oils were extracted by applying the solvent extraction method, using n-hexane. Prunus amygdalus had the highest oil yield (60.1%), followed by Dyacrodes edulis (55.76 %) and least from Chrysophillum albidium (13.67%). The oils and their biodiesel were then analyzed for acid value, free fatty acid, specific gravity, ash content, iodine value, peroxide value, saponification value, kinematic viscosity, flash point, smoke point, titre value, cloud point, moisture content and refractive index. Accordingly, Dyacrodes edulis seed oil had the highest acid value of 6.57 and required two-step transesterifictaion. The produced biodiesels were discussed in the light of ASTM D 9751, ASTMD 6751 and DIN 14214. These showed yields of 94.36%, 93.03% and 86.49%, cetane numbers of 70.40, 55.20 and 64.57 and calorific values of 31,178.39 KJ/kg, 34,421.50 KJ/kg and 32,838.38 KJ/kg for Prunus amygdalus, Dacryodes edulis and Chrysophyllum albidium, respectively. Other fuel-related properties showed highly improved qualities upon transesterification and compared well with ASTM and EU standards. The overall results showed that the seed oils are viable for biodiesel production.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative study of selected lubricating properties of biofuels
Autorzy:
Gardyński, L.
Kałdonek, J.
Tematy:
vegetable oils
rapeseed oil methyl esters
lubricating properties
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Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/102464.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The paper presents the research results of lubricity of selected vegetable oils, rapeseed oil methyl esters, and esters with addition of oleic acid. Higher wear of samples during lubrication by rapeseed oil methyl esters in comparison to the tested vegetable oils was obtained. The addition of oleic acid to esters resulted in the improvement of their lubricating properties.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The application of non-converted vegetable oils in contemporary self-ignition engines
Autorzy:
Reksa, M.
Tematy:
combustion engines
vegetable oils
diesel engine
alternative fuels
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Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245366.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The paper presents a test of a self-ignition engine equipped with high-pressure fuel-dosing system based on injection units with electronic control system. The engine was fuelled with conventional fuel and few kinds of non-converted vegetable oil. The analysis of the experiment results correlated with knowledge of their properties shows the important conclusions about possibilities, disadvantages and perspectives of the fuels usage in contemporary engines equipped with electronic control fuel-dosing system. The vegetable oils have a special place in history of automotive industry. In 1900 a great event on Word Trades in Paris was compression-ignition engine fuelled by groundnuts oil — a masterpiece of no one else like Rudolf Diesel. R. Diesel, aware of conventional fuels limitation, patented in 1892 a vegetable oil as a fuel. The NOx concentration in exhaust was measuredfor maximum engine speed (1900 rpm). The lowest emission ofmeasured compounds was observed in case of sunflower oil and rape oil "Biedronka" (65% and 75% of emission during engine work fuelled by conventional diesel oil). The highest values were detected for post frying palm oil and rape oil "Aldi" (120% of emission during engine work fuelled by conventional diesel oil).
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of carotenoid and chlorophyll content on the oxidative processes in the selected vegetable oils
Autorzy:
Mahoney, E.Y.
Milewska, M.
Mironczuk-Chodakowska, I.
Terlikowska, K.M.
Tematy:
Vegetable oils
total colour
acid number
peroxide number
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Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918745.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Purpose: More than 100 plant species have been classified as oil products, but only a few of them are used in industrial production. In the available literature, there are no studies that would describe the relationship between the content of plant dyes and their impact on auto-oxidative processes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine dye composition and to define their effect on the acid value, peroxide value and quality assessment of selected refined and unrefined oils. Materials and methods: Twenty samples from different manufacturers were evaluated. Oils were purchased from retail trade of the Bialystok city. The total colour, acid, and peroxide values were determined in accordance with the Polish Standards PN-ISO 3960: 1996, PN-A-86934: 1995 and PN-ISO 3960: 1996, respectively. Results: Statistically significant differences of total colour values between both groups were found (p=0.002). The acid value of refined oils was lower than in an unrefined group (p=0.02). A positive statistically significant correlation was noticed between the total colour value and the acid value in the refined group (R=0.65, p=0.04). No significant effect of plant dyes on the acid or peroxide value of unrefined oils was observed. Conclusions: Refined and unrefined oils purchased in the city of Bialystok mostly met the standard values with the exception of cold-pressed oil from black cumin seeds, where the acid and peroxide value exceeded the values set in Codex Alimentarius.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Technological aspects of vegetable oils epoxidation in the presence of ion exchange resins: a review
Autorzy:
Milchert, E.
Malarczyk-Matusiak, K.
Musik, M
Tematy:
acidic ion exchange resins
epoxidation
review
vegetable oils
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Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779147.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
A review paper of the technology basics of vegetable oils epoxidation by means of peracetic or performic acid in the presence of acidic ion exchange resins has been presented. The influence of the following parameters: temperature, molar ratio of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to ethylenic unsaturation, catalyst loading, stirring intensity and the reaction time on a conversion of ethylenic unsaturation, the relative percentage conversion to oxirane and the iodine number was discussed. Optimal technological parameters, mechanism of epoxidation by carboxylic peracids and the possibilities of catalyst recycling have been also discussed. This review paper shows the application of epoxidized oils.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of tribological properties of seals running in contact with vegetable oil
Ocena właściwości tribologicznych uszczelnień pracujących w kontakcie z olejami roślinnymi
Autorzy:
Szczypiński-Sala, W.
Lubas, J.
Tematy:
mechanical seals
vegetable oils
friction
uszczelnienia
oleje roślinne
tarcie
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Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/190343.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The article describes the results of the measurement to evaluate the operation characteristic of o-ring seals in case of the operation with vegetable oils. The measurements were made on the model of a sealing node in hydraulic cylinder, where the round cross section seal cooperated with the piston rod. The changes of the friction force during rod movement resulting from the friction between the seal and the rod were analysed. The tests were carried out with two vegetable oils mostly used in industry: rape oil and soybean oil. The products based on vegetable oils can be an alternative to products made on the basis of petroleum. However, vegetable oils are characterized by other properties than mineral oils. The physical and chemical properties of vegetable oils depend on the composition of the fatty acid mixture. The observation of the influence of the occurrence of oxidative gelation on friction force was also conducted. In case of vegetable oils, oxypolymerization tendencies of these fluids are a very significant factor, which can influence the characteristics of friction nodes operation.
W artykule omówiono wyniki przeprowadzonych badań, których celem była ocena charakterystyki pracy uszczelnienia w ruchu posuwisto-zwrotnym działającego w kontakcie z olejami roślinnymi. Pomiary wykonano na modelu węzła uszczelniającego w cylindrze hydraulicznym. Badaną parą uszczelniającą było tłoczysko i pierścień uszczelniający typu o-ring. Analizie poddano zmiany siły tarcia podczas roboczego suwu tłoczyska oraz wpływ na ich wartość prędkości przesuwu tłoczyska. Podczas testów w celu porównania wykorzystano dwa szeroko rozpowszechnione oleje roślinne: olej rzepakowy i olej sojowy. Produkty oparte na olejach roślinnych stanowić mogą alternatywę dla tych pochodzenia mineralnego. Oleje roślinne charakteryzują się jednak odmiennymi właściwościami w porównaniu z olejami mineralnymi. W ich przypadku obserwuje się tendencję do przebiegających z czasem reakcji polimeryzacji prowadzących do zmian lepkości i żelowania oleju. Wpływ tych zjawisk na prace węzła uszczelniającego również był przedmiotem obserwacji.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Removal of methylene blue dye from wastewater by using supported liquid memberane technology
Autorzy:
Ashraf, M. W.
Tematy:
supported liquid membrane
vegetable oils
cationic dye
industrial wastes
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Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779030.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The present work describes the application of Supported Liquid Membrane (SLM) technology towards the removal and recovery of a cationic dye (Methylene Blue) from aqueous solutions. Natural and non-toxic vegetable oils have been impregnated on microporous polymeric films of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to constitute a liquid membrane. Different parameters affecting the transport, like pH of feed solution, acid concentration in the strip solution, initial dye concentration, oil types and stirring speeds have been investigated. Highest value of flux (1.7 x 10–5 mg/cm2/sec1) for methylene blue dye was achieved with sunflower oil impregnated on the PVDF support, with pH maintained at 12 in the feed solution and 0.3 M hydrochloric acid concentration in the strip solution. It took 6 hours to transport maximum amount of dye under optimum conditions.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vegetable oils as additives to improve the lubricity of low-sulphur fuels
Autorzy:
Ambrosewicz-Walacik, M.
Pszczółkowski, B.
Tańska, A.
Tematy:
sulphur content
different species
vegetable oils
biofuel production
lubricity
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Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247047.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The aim of the study was to determine the sulphur content in 33 samples of oils pressed from different species of vegetable. The unconventional oil samples were purchased from commercial store. Oils was analysed in terms of sulphur content according to the method using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with wave dispersion, that is described in the PN-EN ISO 20884, 2012 standard. Obtained results of sulphur analysis were presented as the arithmetic mean ± standard deviation (from three replicates) and statistically analysed using the Statistica 13.0 PL program. In order to indicate significance of differences between oils analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s test of p ≤ 0.05 significance level was used. The statistical analysis indicated significant differences in the content of sulphur content in the analysed vegetable oils, which could affect the lubricity of prepared fuel blends and in some cases significantly, increase the sulphur content above acceptable value 10 ppm. It was concluded that vegetable oils could be a suitable raw material improving the lubricating properties of low-sulphur diesel oils. However, due to significant differences in the sulphur content in the analysed samples, the content of this element should be analysed beforehand in order to eliminate the possibility of exceeding the permissible level of sulphur in transport fuels.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental investigation of the combustion of vegetable oils in diesel engine at low engine loads
Autorzy:
Błažek, J.
Vojtišek, M.
Tematy:
vegetable oils
diesel fuels
in-cylinderpressure measurement system
combustion engines
emissions
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Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243132.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Vegetable oils are being increasingly used as fuel in diesel engines in passenger vehicles, with various results. One of the associated problems is excessive emissions of organic compounds at very low engine loads. Aside from an undesirable increase in emissions, such compounds also contribute to the formation of deposits in the engine and in the catalytic reactor. In this study, a typical turbodiesel engine, adapted for operation on vegetable oils, was fitted with fast-response in-cylinder pressure measurement system. The engine was operated on an engine dynamometer at low loads typical for urban driving at several coolant and fuel temperatures. Results will be presented and discussed. Engine and rapeseed oil fuelling system setup, comparison of combustion timing of diesel fuel and rapeseed oil, indicated in-cylinder pressure for diesel fuel and rapeseed oil for different speeds and loads, indicated in-cylinder pressure at original and modified injection timing, comparison of nox and CO2 concentrations at original injection timing, emissions from rapeseed oil relative to diesel fuel at different speeds and loads, effect of injection timing optimization on peak indicated pressure, effect of injection timing optimization on nox and CO concentrations, Brake-specific fuel consumption, are presented in the paper.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 47

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