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Tytuł:
Skutki zaniechania nawożenia azotem w uprawie pszenicy ozimej w zależności od warunków wodnych
Effects of nitrogen fertilization desistance in winter wheat depending on water conditions
Autorzy:
Panasiewicz, K.
Koziara, W.
Tematy:
nawożenie
azot
pszenica ozima
warunki wodne
fertilization
nitrogen
winter wheat
water condition
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/334832.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Celem pracy była ocena biologicznych skutków zaniechania nawożenia azotem w uprawie pszenicy ozimej w zależności od zróżnicowanych warunków wodnych. Doświadczenia przeprowadzono w Katedrze Uprawy Roli i Roślin, Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu, w latach 2000-2007, na glebie płowej w Stacji Dydaktyczno-Doświadczalnej Złotniki k. Poznania. Obiekty doświadczalne stanowiły wariant wodny (deszczowany, niedeszczowany) oraz dwa poziomy nawożenia azotem (0 i 100 kg N-ha-1). Wykazano, że wszystkie lata badań przewyższały wartości średnie dla dzielnicy klimatycznej pod względem temperatury, a szczególnie w okresie maj-lipiec. Względem opadów odnotowano 4 lata o wyższej i 4 lata o niższej sumie niż średnia z wielolecia. Zaniechanie nawożenia azotem spowodowało spadek plonu ziarna pszenicy ozimej, odmiany Roma, uprawianej w warunkach naturalnych o 1,5 t-ha-1 (41%), a w warunkach deszczowanych o 2,03 t-ha-1 (52%). Deszczowanie pszenicy ozimej, nie nawożonej azotem powodowało średni wzrost plonu ziarna o 0,23 t-ha , tj. 6,3%, a nawożonej tym składnikiem o 0,76 t-ha-1, tj. 14,7%.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization desisting in winter wheat depending on water conditions. The experiment was carried out at Złotniki Experimental Station that belongs to University of Life Sciences in Poznań on a sandy loam soil classified as Albie Luvisols in 2000-2007. Treatments included water variant (irrigated, non irrigated) and two levels of nitrogen fertilization (0 and 100 kg N-ha-1). It turn out that all the years of research had higher average of temperature than many-year average, especially during the period May-July. Terms of rainfall were recorded 4 years of higher and 4 years of lower than many-year average. Desisting of nitrogen fertilization resulted in the decrease of grain yield of winter wheat, variety Roma, grown under natural conditions to 1.5 t-ha/-1 (41%), and sprinkling irrigation to 2.03 t-ha-1 (52%). Sprinkling irrigation, under not nitrogen fertilization increase average grain yield of 0.23 t-ha-1 (6.3%), and under nitrogen fertilization of O. 76 t-ha-1 (14.7%).
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Static and dynamic properties of surfactant films on natural waters
Autorzy:
Pogorzelski, S.J.
Kogut, A.D.
Tematy:
natural water
Mediterranean Sea
dynamic property
water condition
surfactant
marine film
Baltic Sea
viscoelasticity
static property
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49159.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The paper contains the results of natural surface film surface pressure – area experiments carried out in inland waters and shallow offshore regions of the Baltic and Mediterranean Seas during 1990–99 under calm water conditions using the Langmuir trough – Wilhelmy filter paper plate system, which ‘cuts out’ an undisturbed film-covered sea area without any initial physico-chemical sample processing. The limiting specific area Alim (268–3157 ˚A2/molecule−1) and mean molecular mass (0.65–9.7 kDa) of microlayer surfactants were determined from the 2D virial equation of state applied to the isotherms. Film structure signatures were derived from π − A isotherm hysteresis and application of the 2D polymer scaling theory. The stress-relaxation measurements revealed a two-step relaxation process at the interface with characteristic times τ1 (1.1–2.8) and τ2 (5.6–25.6) seconds suggesting the presence of diffusion-controlled and structural organization relaxation phenomena. The results demonstrate that natural films are a complex mixture of biomolecules covering a wide range of solubilities, surface activity and molecular mass with an apparent structural organization exhibiting a spatial and temporal variability.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synoptic changes in the deep rim current during stagnant hydrographic conditions in the Eastern Gotland Basin, Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Hagen, E.
Feistel, R.
Tematy:
Gotland Basin
hydrography
deep water condition
current measurement
Baltic Sea
Baltic Monitoring Programme
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49138.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Hydrographic and current measurements are analysed for stagnant deep-water conditions over the south-eastern topographic flank of the Eastern Gotland Basin (EGB) in April 2000. Results suggest a prevailing barotropic motion mode on a synoptic scale of several days. Deep along-slope volume transports derived from subsurface current meter moorings are compared with those of the baroclinic fraction of geostrophic motions crossing the plane of a hydrographic section. This was aligned perpendicular to deep isobaths and was repeated 40 times with a time step of six hours. Changes in regional winds produced a quasi-ten day cycle in the filling level of the Baltic Proper. Associated wave-like fluctuations of the mass field propagated cyclonically with a velocity of about 0.04 m s−1 around the deep basin’s rim. It is concluded that associated changes in deep volume transports result mainly from barotropically governed advection processes and that those of the baroclinic component of geostrophic currents provide a qualitatively and quantitatively quite inaccurate description of related transport fluctuations on a daily scale.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of variability of water resources in lowland forests on selected parameters describing the condition of trees
Autorzy:
Tyszka, J.
Stolarek, A.
Fronczak, E.
Tematy:
variability
water resource
lowland forest
climatic function
hydrological function
selected parameter
tree condition
periodical change
stand condition
extreme climate
water condition
river list
habitat condition
tree stand
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11996.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The influence of water conditions on the condition and growth of tree stands has been analysed in the context of the climatic and hydrological functions forest plays. Long observational series obtained for precipitation, outflow and depths below the surface of the water table have been put together with measured increases in the breast-height diameters of Scots pines and the severity of crown defoliation observable in selected tree species growing on the Polish Lowland, in order to determine the overall scope to the reaction stand condition manifests in the face of ongoing variability of water conditions within forest. An overall improvement in the condition of stands over the last 20 years does not disguise several-year cyclicity to changes capable of shaping the situation, i.a. departures from long-term mean values for precipitation totals and groundwater levels. The condition of stands is seen to worsen in both dry and wet years. Analysis of the degree to which pine, spruce and broadleaved stands experience defoliation points to spruce stands responding most to extreme hydro-climatic conditions. Extreme situations as regards water resources were seen to involve a response over two-year time intervals in the case of coniferous stands. Unsurprisingly, optimal growing-season (June-September) precipitation totals correspond with long-term average figures, while being slightly higher for spruce (at 384 mm), than for Scots pine or broadleaved species (375 mm). The relationships reported gain confirmation in analysis of periodic change in breast-height diameter increments characterising Scots pines, whose growth is seen to depend closely, not only on precipitation, but also above all on the depth of the water table in the summer half-year. Optimal depths of the water table proved to be different, being around 20 cm below ground in the case of marshy coniferous forest, 80 cm in wet habitats, and 135 cm in fresh habitats. Depending on the possibilities for water to soak into the rooting zone of trees there were even twofold differences in measured growth increments in Scots pine (as the dominant species in Poland’s lowland habitats). The maintenance of stable water conditions (as the most variable environmental factor in forest) should be an overriding aim of management activity in this habitat. When account is taken of the influence of the state of water resources on biomass production, and then on the intensity of evapotranspiration and the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, it is seen how important it is to achieve improvements in water conditions in forests, as such an important factor in combating climate change.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of water conditions on the phenology and age structure of Luronium natans [L.] Raf. populations
Autorzy:
Szmeja, J
Bazydlo, E.
Tematy:
development stage
water condition
Luronium natans
age structure
European endemic plant
aquatic plant
phenology
population
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56879.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The study presents the results of the analysis of development stages of Luronium natans (L.) Raf. depending on water conditions (pH, light, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic carbon) in 21 populations in north-western Poland. The fractions of seedlings, juvenile, mature and generative stems, as well as the course of phenological phenomena were determined. Seedlings are sparse and can be found from May to July. Most of them occur in waters ranging from slightly acid to neutral (pH 6.0-7.0) with TP concentrations of 10-20 µg dm-3, TN concentrations < 1.0 mg dm-3 and DOC concentrations of 3.5-5.0 mg dm-3, on a mineral (5-10% OC) and fairly well lit (31-40% PAR) substrate. The generative phase lasts from May to October. The flowering period is between August and mid-September. Only 35.2±9.4% of flowering stems produce fruits. The plant flowers abundantly in waters with total nitrogen concentrations > 1.2 mg dm-3, that is above the level of TN concentrations most favourable to seedlings and both juvenile and mature individuals. TP and DOC concentrations, and light intensity (PAR) do not influence the size of the generative stems fraction in populations. However, sediment structure is of importance in this respect: about 62.9% of stems flower and fruit on a mineral substrate (< 1% OC), whereas only 17.4% do so on an organic one. The results of this study may be useful in the conservation of this endangered European endemic species.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metodyka obliczania niedoborów wodnych użytków zielonych, z uwzględnieniem zróżnicowanych warunków wodnych w siedliskach dolinowych
Metod ocenki deficita vody dlja travjanykh ugodijj v svjazi s raznym vodnym rezhimom dolinnykh biotopov
The metod of estimation of water deficiencies of grasslands in connection with different water conditions of valley sites
Autorzy:
Roguski, W.
Tematy:
metodyka
obliczanie
niedobor wody
uzytki zielone
warunki wodne
siedliska dolinowe
computation methodology
water shortage
grassland
water condition
valley
habitat
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/804688.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
Травяные угодья в Польше расположены главным образом в речных долинах и в понижениях площади. Находящиеся там почвы располагают запасами легко усвояемой воды колеблющиеся от 30 до 120 мм. Кроме того грунтовые воды могут интенсивно снабжать некоторые биотопы лугов за счет капиллярного подпитывания. Таким образом биотопы травяных угодий имеют различные водные режимы. Автор предлагает проводить оценку дефицитов воды в декадах по формуле: N = ETP - P - EPUn + EPUk + H, где: N - дефицит воды, ETP - актуальная эвапотранспирация, Р - атмосферные осадки, EPUp, EPUk - легко усвояемая растениями вода в начале и конце периода, Н - сток воды. Установлено, что травяние угодья на хороших торфяно-муршевых почвах интенсивно подпитываемые от уровня грунтовых вод, не нуждаются в орошении, тогда на худших почвах без подитывания необходимы в сухие годы орошения на уровне 120-230 мм.
Grasslands in Poland are situated mainly in river valleys and in local area depressions. Soils of these sites have different reserves of readily available water varying from 30 to 120 mm. Moreover, some grassland sites can be intensively fed by capilary rise from the ground water level. Thus particular grassland sites can be of various water conditions. The author proposes to estimate the water deficiencies in particulat ten-day periods according to the formula: N = ETR - P - ERUp + ERUk + H, where: N - water deficiency, ETR - actual evapotranspiration, P - precipitation, ERUp-ERUk - readily available water in the beginning and the end of the period, H - water flow-off. It has been proved that the grasslands on good peat-muck soils intensively fed by capillary rise from the ground water level do not require irrigation, whereas the grasslands on weaker soils should be irrigated with water rates of 160-230 mm in dry years.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chemical composition of cherry fruit from the cultivars Kelleris 16 and Lutowka depending on different water conditions and fertilization
Autorzy:
Jaroszewska, A.
Kowalewska, R.
Tematy:
chemical composition
cherry
fruit
Kelleris 16 cultivar
Lutowka cultivar
water condition
fertilization
macroelement
microelement
dry mass
plant cultivar
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189777.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The research was conducted in 2011-2012, at the Experimental Station in Lipnik near Stargard Szczeciński, on soil classified as Haplic Cambisol, with low useful water retention. The experiment was designed with a split-plot method and repeated seven times. Grass cover was maintained in the row middles while the area underneath the trees was kept as herbicide fallow. The trees were planted in 4x2 m spacing. The assessment concerned the influence of irrigation and NK fertilisation on the dry matter and chemical composition of cherry fruit from the cultivars Kelleris 16 and Łutówka. Micro-irrigation was used at water potential in soil lower than 0.01 MPa. According to agronomic recommendations, nitrogen fertilizers were applied in early spring and potassium fertilizers in autumn in the following doses: 0 NK (control, no fertilization), 1 NK – 80 kg.ha-1 (40+40), 2 NK - 160 kg.ha-1(80+80), according to agronomic recommendations. Ammonium nitrate containing 34% of nitrogen and potash salt containing 60% of potassium were used for fertilization. Observations of the irrigated trees showed an increase in the dry mass in their fruit, as well as a decrease in nitrogen, potassium and magnesium concentrations, but an increase in the amount of calcium. Chemical analyses of the fruit harvested from the trees fertilized with nitrogen and potassium demonstrated an increase in the analysed traits (macro- and micronutrients), at both 1NK and 2NK fertilization levels.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chemical composition of cherry fruit from the cultivars Kelleris 16 and Lutowka depending on different water conditions and fertilization
Autorzy:
Jaroszewska, A.
Kowalewska, R.
Tematy:
chemical composition
cherry
fruit
Kelleris 16 cultivar
Lutowka cultivar
water condition
fertilization
macroelement
microelement
dry mass
plant cultivar
Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962732.pdf  Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:
The research was conducted in 2011-2012, at the Experimental Station in Lipnik near Stargard Szczeciński, on soil classified as Haplic Cambisol, with low useful water retention. The experiment was designed with a split-plot method and repeated seven times. Grass cover was maintained in the row middles while the area underneath the trees was kept as herbicide fallow. The trees were planted in 4x2 m spacing. The assessment concerned the influence of irrigation and NK fertilisation on the dry matter and chemical composition of cherry fruit from the cultivars Kelleris 16 and Łutówka. Micro-irrigation was used at water potential in soil lower than 0.01 MPa. According to agronomic recommendations, nitrogen fertilizers were applied in early spring and potassium fertilizers in autumn in the following doses: 0 NK (control, no fertilization), 1 NK – 80 kg.ha-1 (40+40), 2 NK - 160 kg.ha-1(80+80), according to agronomic recommendations. Ammonium nitrate containing 34% of nitrogen and potash salt containing 60% of potassium were used for fertilization. Observations of the irrigated trees showed an increase in the dry mass in their fruit, as well as a decrease in nitrogen, potassium and magnesium concentrations, but an increase in the amount of calcium. Chemical analyses of the fruit harvested from the trees fertilized with nitrogen and potassium demonstrated an increase in the analysed traits (macro- and micronutrients), at both 1NK and 2NK fertilization levels.
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 113

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