Temat: water use efficiency

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: The evaluation of irrigating meliorations efficiency after the change of climatic conditions
Autorzy:: Zaporozhchenko, Viktoriia
Tkachuk, Andrij
Tkachuk, Tetyana
Dotsenko, Viktor
Tematy:: irrigation
melioration
natural resource potential
water use efficiency
winter wheat; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073747.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The article reviews one of the important problems of water usage – operational management of irrigation. The article discusses a methodological approach to the estimation of economic efficiency of water usage in the conditions of climate change in the territory concerned. So far, there has not been a simple method to determine this indicator. When assessing climatic conditions, taking into account their influence on the productivity of agricultural crops, it is necessary to take into account meteorological factors that have a decisive influence on the development of agricultural crops and, accordingly, determine their yield. These include primarily heat and moisture. Moreover, it is necessary to take into account their possible negative influence on the development of plants, considering that for each crop a certain optimum regime of temperature and soil moisture is required in different phases of its growth. To assess climatic conditions taking into account the potential crop productivity, we can use the CPA formula. Calculations have shown a close relationship between the CPA and the yield of agricultural crops. Correlation coefficients of the obtained bonds vary from 0.85 to 0.98 depending on the culture and the territory.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Productivity, nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency of maize for grain in long term field experiments
Autorzy:: Rutkowska, Agnieszka
Tematy:: Zea mays
nitrogen rates
Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE)
Water Use Efficiency (WUE)
nitrogen surplus; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148504.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: 11Abstract. Maize, one of the most important cereals species grown in Poland, use large quantities of nitrogen, but water defi-cit through the vegetation period might lead to yield reduction and diminish nitrogen uptake. The aim of the study was to char-acterize the productivity of the crop, depending on its nitrogen and water use efficiency. In two locations, in Western and Eastern Poland, eleven-year field experiments with maize grown for grain were conducted. Maize was fertilized with increasing rates of ni-trogen: 50, 100, 150, 200 i 250 kg N ha-1. It was found, that grain yields of maize raised statistically significant up to 8.03 tha-1 under 150 kg Nha-1. Such a dose guaranteed: nitrogen uptake 182 kg Nha-1, nitrogen use efficiency 121%, nitrogen surplus -32 kg Nha-1, water use efficiency 14.5 kgha-1 mm-1, and nitro-gen utilization efficiency 43 kgkg-1. Increasing nitrogen doses over the years was not justified because maize productivity was limited by water availability under higher nitrogen rates.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Enhancement in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop yield by water use efficiency under various planting techniques
Autorzy:: Ali, L.
Anum, W.
Hussain, G.
Shahid, M.I.
Tematy:: cotton
Gossypium hirsutum
crop yield
water use efficiency
planting technique
water saving; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Fundacja na Rzecz Młodych Naukowców
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/9999.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Six experiments were conducted for the enhancement in seed cotton yield by increasing water use efficiency and water savings in case of different planting methods of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop during the years 2014 & 2015, at three different locations in cotton zone of Punjab (Pakistan) province. The planting methods were, flat planting and no earthing up, flat planting and earthing up after 1st irrigation, flat planting and alternate row earthing after 1st irrigation, flat planting in 112.5/37.5 cm apart paired rows and earthing up after 1st irrigation, ridge planting and bed planting. Cotton crop obtained a maximum benefit from the available water at all three locations in case of flat planting with alternate row earthing up (P3) by predicting a maximum water use efficiency up to 6.79 kg ha-1 mm-1and maximum seed cotton yield of 3432.50 kg ha-1. Maximum water savings of 25.60% was recorded in the same method (P3) during the year 2014, while minimum (-0.17%) was observed in ridge planting (P5) at location number 1 in the same year.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Water productivity under deficit irrigation using onion as indicator crop
Autorzy:: Tadesse, Kassahun B.
Hagos, Eyasu Y.
Tafesse, Nata T.
Dinka, Megersa O.
Tematy:: drip irrigation
effective rainfall
real evapotranspiration
soil water
water quality
water use efficiency; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/293258.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: Improving water productivity (WP) through deficit irrigation is crucial in water-scarce areas. To practice deficit irrigation, the optimum level of water deficit that maximizes WP must be investigated. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to examine WP of the three treatments at available soil water depletion percentage (P_i) of 25% (reference), 45% and 65% using a drip irrigation system. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. The water deficit was allowed throughout the growth stages after transplanting except for the first 15 days of equal amounts of irrigations during the initial growth stage and 20 days enough spring season rainfall during bulb enlargement periods. Physical WP in terms of water use efficiency (WUEf) for treatments T1, T2, and T3 was 9.44 kg∙m^–3, 11 kg∙m^–3 and 10.6 kg∙m^–3 for marketable yields. The WUEf and economic water productivity were significantly improved by T2 and T3. The WUEf difference between T2 and T3 was insignificant. However, T2 can be selected as an optimal irrigation level. Hence, deficit irrigation scheduling is an important approach for maximizing WP in areas where water is the main constraint for crop production. The planting dates should be scheduled such that the peak water requirement periods coincide with the rainy system.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Productivity of winter oilseed rape depending on its nitrogen and water use efficiency
Autorzy:: Rutkowska, Agnieszka
Tematy:: Brassica napus L.
nitrogen rates
Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE)
Water Use Efficiency (WUE)
nitrogen surplus; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147964.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: This paper presents the results of 11 years of field experimentconcerning winter oilseed rape in Eastern Poland. Theaim of the study was to characterise rape production dependingon the nitrogen and water use efficiency. Oilseed rape was fertilisedwith increasing doses of nitrogen, i.e. 50, 100, 150, 200and 250 kg N ha-1. It was found that rapeseed yields increasedstatistically significantly to 3.33 t ha-1 at a rate of 200 kg N ha-1.This dose guaranteed: nitrogen uptake of 155 kg N ha-1, nitrogenuse efficiency of 78%, nitrogen surplus of 45 kg N ha-1, wateruse efficiency of 8.4 kg ha-1 mm-1 and nitrogen utilisation efficiencyof 22 kg kg-1. Increasing the nitrogen rate in the long termto 250 kg N ha-1 proved to be unjustified because it did not causea significant increase in the yield or water use efficiency, while itsignificantly increased the nitrogen uptake, its surplus in the soiland reduced the efficiency of nitrogen from fertilisers utilisation.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: The Use of World Water Resources in the Irrigation of Field Cultivations
Autorzy:: Walczak, Amadeusz
Tematy:: SWOT analysis
drip line
sprinkler irrigation
prediction
irrigation system
world water resources
water use efficiency
WUE; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839599.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The paper concerns evaluation of the exploitation of the world’s water resources for irrigating field crops. It was determined that the volume of water used in 2020 in all sectors of the economy in relation to the world’s freshwater resources will amount to 31 to 38% of the available resources. It has been found that globally, in the period 1900–2100, the agricultural sector has the highest consumption of fresh water. Therefore, there is a need for rational use of water, especially when irrigating field crops. Hence, the paper describes the methods of evaluating the effectiveness of irrigation. The indicators from the Water use efficiency group, which consider the yield obtained from a given area and the sum of irrigation doses, were considered the most reliable form of evaluation. Determining the indicator should also be accompanied by a presentation of the scope of work related to irrigation, water quality, cultivation techniques, fertilization and environmental conditions of the growing season. The work characterizes the selected pressure irrigation systems, considering their advantages and disadvantages. On this basis, the paper presents the adaptation of the SWOT analysis for two irrigation systems: a reel sprinkler with a water cannon and a drip tape.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Physiological reaction of basket willow (Salix viminalis L.) to copper excess in hydroponic medium
Autorzy:: Malinowski, Ryszard
Malinowska, Katarzyna
Studziński, Mateusz
Wydawca:: The Committee on Forestry Sciences and Wood Technology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Forest Research Institute in Sekocin Stary
Opis:: The influence of copper salt, in a concentration range of 50–150 mg·dm−3, on the physiological response of basket willow was studied on Tora variety, which were grown in hydroponics. Content of assimilation pigments, relative water content (RWC), water saturation deficit (WSD), intensity of assimilation and transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate of water use efficiency (WUE) and instantaneous photosynthetic rate of water use (WUEI) were determined in leaves. It was observed that the decrease in the concentration of tested physiological parameters correlated with the increase in copper salt doses in the medium. The assimilation and transpiration of basket willow were significantly limited by stomata. The addition of copper salt to the medium increased WSD in leaves of the basket willow. The obtained results of the studied physiological parameters may prove useful for the assessment of resistance of the studied willow cultivar to stress caused by increased copper ion content in medium and its applicability in reclamation of areas degraded by humans.
Dostawca treści:: Repozytorium Centrum Otwartej Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Impact of tractor wheels on physical properties of different soil types and the irrigation efficiency of the furrow irrigation method
Autorzy:: Vistro, Rahim Bux
Talpur, Mashooque Ali
Shaikh, Irfan Ahmed
Mangrio, Munir Ahmed
Tematy:: furrow storage efficiency
ridge storage efficiency
irrigation methods
soil physical properties
tractor wheel trafficking
water use efficiency; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073733.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: In furrow irrigation, the maximum lateral movement of water in ridges is more desirable than the vertical downward movement. This can be achieved by compacting the furrows. Thus, the study examines the impact on furrow soil compaction by tractor wheel trafficking during mechanical operations in the different soil types. In this experiment, the three-wheel tractor compaction includes: 1) control (no soil compaction), 2) compaction through 3-wheel tractor passes, and 3) compaction through 6-wheel passes under three different soil textural classes such as: clay loam, silty clay loam and silty loam soils. The impact of various treatments on clay loam, silty clay loam, and silty loam under 3- and 6-wheel passes showed increased bulk density (7–12%), field capacity (9–19%), ridge storage efficiency (35–38%), water use efficiency (16–20.5%) and decreased soil porosity (7–16%), infiltration (8–20%), and furrow storage efficiency (28–41%) over the control. This study shows comparable results of 6-passes with other studies in which more than 6-passes were used to compact the soil. This study suggested that farmers can maximise water use efficiency by compacting their furrows using 6-passes tractor trafficking.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Physiological reaction of basket willow (Salix viminalis L.) to copper excess in hydroponic medium
Autorzy:: Malinowska, Katarzyna
Malinowski, Ryszard
Studziński, Mateusz
Tematy:: Salix viminalis L.
copper stress
CO2 assimilation
photosynthetic pigments
transpiration
water content
water use efficiency; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2045727.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: The influence of copper salt, in a concentration range of 50–150 mg·dm−3, on the physiological response of basket willow was studied on Tora variety, which were grown in hydroponics. Content of assimilation pigments, relative water content (RWC), water saturation deficit (WSD), intensity of assimilation and transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate of water use efficiency (WUE) and instantaneous photosynthetic rate of water use (WUEI) were determined in leaves. It was observed that the decrease in the concentration of tested physiological parameters correlated with the increase in copper salt doses in the medium. The assimilation and transpiration of basket willow were significantly limited by stomata. The addition of copper salt to the medium increased WSD in leaves of the basket willow. The obtained results of the studied physiological parameters may prove useful for the assessment of resistance of the studied willow cultivar to stress caused by increased copper ion content in medium and its applicability in reclamation of areas degraded by humans.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Water use efficiency and response to nutrient shortage in mature plants of Aegilops and Triticum species
Efektywność wykorzystania wody i reakcja na niedobór składników pokarmowych u roślin gatunków Aegilops i Triticum w stadium dojrzałości
Autorzy:: Gorny, A.G.
Garczynski, S.
Tematy:: water use efficiency
response
nutrient shortage
mature plant
Aegilops
Triticum
plant species
genetic variation
stress tolerance; Pokaż więcej
Wydawca:: Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/801811.pdf Link otwiera się w nowym oknie
Opis:: A factorial experiment was performed to evaluate whether wild and primitive Aegilops and Triticum species may be used in wheat breeding as donors of an improved water use efficiency (WUE) and/or tolerance to nutrient shortage. Seventeen lines representative for Aegilops and Triticum species of different origin, ploidy level and genomic structure were compared with three local cultivars of hexaploid wheat T. aestivum. The genotypes were grown till maturity in experimental pots (9 dm3) under high and reduced NPK nutrition. There was a broad genetic variation in the response to nutrient shortage and efficiency of water use in the vegetative and grain mass formation. The variation was dependent upon species, ploidy level and genome present. Results suggest that a search for enhanced tolerance and novel variation in WUE among wild or primitive wheats may be essential for wheat breeders. The tetraploids T. carthlicum, T. dicoccoid.es and T. timopheevii and the hexaploid T. sphaerococcum were found to be the most promising potential sources of stress tolerance. However, only the primitive T. sphaerococcum appeared to be a valuable donor of improved WUE. Despite a high operative heritability of WUE, testing till plant maturity over diverse levels of soil nutrient status would rather be necessary for a precise discrimination of the most efficient genotypes as indicated by the genotype-stage and genotype-nutrition interactions.
Przeprowadzono doświadczenie wazonowe w celu określenia czy dzikie i prymitywne gatunki Aegilops i Triticum mogą być wykorzystane w hodowli pszenicy jako donory efektywniejszego wykorzystania wody (WUE) i/lub tolerancji na niedobór składników pokarmowych. Siedemnaście linii reprezentujących gatunki Aegilops i Triticum o różnym pochodzeniu, ploidalności i strukturze genomowej porównano z trzema krajowymi odmianami pszenicy heksaploidalnej T. aestivum. Genotypy rosły do stadium dojrzałości w wazonach doświadczalnych (9 dm3) przy wysokim i obniżonym nawożeniu NPK. Obserwowano szeroką zmienność genetyczną w reakcji na obniżone nawożenie i efektywności wykorzystania wody w tworzeniu masy wegetatywnej i plonu ziarna. Zmienność ta była zależna od gatunku, poziomu ploidalności i obecności danego genomu. Wyniki sugerują, że poszukiwanie zwiększonej tolerancji i nowej zmienności w WUE wśród dzikich i prymitywnych pszenic dla celów hodowlanych jest uzasadnione. Tetraploidalne T. carthlicum, T. dicoccoides i T. timopheevii oraz hexaploidna Т. sphaerococcum były potencjalnie najlepszymi źródłami tolerancji stresu. Jednak tylko prymitywna T. sphaerococcum okazała się cennym źródłem zwiększonej WUE. Obserwowane interakcje typu genotyp-stadium i genotyp-nawożenie wskazują, że pomimo wysokiej odziedziczalności WUE, dla precyzyjnego doboru najefektywniejszych genotypów raczej niezbędne będzie testowanie roślin uprawianych aż do stadium dojrzałości przy odmiennych poziomach żyzności gleby.
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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